शेरशाह सूरी

sherashah soori / Shershah Suri

(sanh 1540 − sanh 1545 )
sherashah soori
Shershah Suri|thumb|250px mathura sherashah soori marg par hi sthit hai. jo sherashah ne banavaya tha. yah marg us samay 's dak-e-azam' kahalata tha. bangal se peshavar tak ki yah s dak 500 kos (shuddh= 'krosh') ya 2500 kilo mitar lambi thi. sherashah soori ka nam pharid khaan tha. vah vaijava da (hoshiyarapur 1472 ee.) mean apane pita hasan ki aphagan path‍ni se utpann tha. usaka pita hasan bihar ke sasaram ka jamiandar tha. humayooan ko harane vala sher khaan 'soor' nam ke kabile ka pathan saradar tha. vah 'sherashah' ke nam se badashah hua. usane agara ko rajadhani banaya tha. dilli ke sultanoan ki hindoo virodhi niti ke khilaf usane hindoooan se mitrata ki niti apanayi. jisase use apani shasan vyavastha sridridh karane mean sahayata mili. usaka divan aur senapati ek hindoo saradar tha, jisaka nam hemoo (hemachandr)tha. usaki sena mean hindoo viroan ki sankhya bahut thi. usane apane rajy mean shaanti kar janata ko sukhi aur samriddh banane ke prayas kiye. usane yatriyoan aur vyapariyoan ki suraksha ka prabandh kiya. lagan aur malagujari vasool karane ki santoshajanak vyavastha ki. vah pahala badashah tha, jisane bangal ke sonagaanv se siandh nadi tak do hajar mil lanbi pakki s dak banavaee thi. us s dak par ghu dasavaroan dvara dak lane−le−jane ki vyavastha thi. usake pharaman pharasi ke sath nagari aksharoan mean bhi hote the.

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malikamuhammad jayasi, pharishta aur badaanyooni ne sherashah ke shasan ki b di prashansa ki hai. badaanyooni ne likha hai-

bangal se panjab tak, tatha agara se malava tak, s dak par donoan or chhaya ke lie phal vale vriksh lagaye gaye the. kos−kos par ek saray, ek masjid aur kuane ka nirman kiya tha. masjid mean ek inam aur ajan dene vala ek mulla tha. nirdhan yatriyoan ka bhojan banane ke lie ek hindoo aur musalaman naukar tha. 'prabandh ki yah vyavastha thi ki bilkul ashakt buddha asharphiyoan ka thal hath par liye chala jay aur jahaan chahe vahaan p da rahe. chor ya lutere ki majal nahian ki aankh bhar kar usaki or dekh sake'.

sherashah 5 varsh tak hi shasan kar saka. us tho de kal mean hi usane apani yogyata aur prabandh−kushalata ka sikka jama diya tha. 22 mee, sanh 1545 mean kalianjar ke durg ki gherabandi karate hue baroodakhane mean ag lag jane se usaki akal mrityu ho gee thi.

sherashah soor ke nirman kary

sherashah soori humayooan ko parajit kar badashah bana. usake nirman karyoan mean s dakoan, sarayoan evan masjidoan adi ka banaya jana prasiddh hai. vah pahala muslim shasak tha, jisane yatayat ki uttam vyavastha ki aur yatriyoan evan vyapariyoan ki suraksha ka santoshajanak prabandh kiya. usane bangal ke sonagaanv se lekar panjab mean siandhu nadi tak, agara se rajasthan aur malava tak pakki s dakean banavaee thian. s dakoan ke kinare chhayadar evan phal vale vriksh lagaye gaye the, aur jagah-jagah par saray, masjid aur kuoan ka nirman karaya gaya tha. brajamandal ke chaumuhaan gaanv ki saray aur chhata gaanv ki saray ka bhitari bhag usi ke dvara nirmit haian. dilli mean usane shahar panah banavaya tha, jo aj vahaan ka 'lal daravaja' hai. dilli ka 'purana qila' bhi usi ke dvara banavaya mana jata hai.

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1539 ee. mean chausa ke yuddh mean humayooan ko hara sher khaan ne sherashah ki upadhi li. 1540 ee. mean sherashah ne humayooan ko dobara harakar rajasianhasan par baitha. sherashah ka 10 joon, 1540 ko agara mean vidhivat rajyabhishek hua. usake bad 1540 ee. mean lahaur par adhikar kar liya. bad mean khvas khaan aur haibat khaan ne poore panjab par adhikar kar liya. phalatah sherashah ne bharat mean punah dvitiy aphagan samrajy ki sthapana ki. itihas mean ise 'sooravansh' ke nam se jana jata hai. sianhasan par baithate samay sherashah 68 varsh ka ho chuka tha aur 5 varsh tak shasan sambhalane ke bad mee 1545 ee. mean usaki mrityu ho gee.