बीजगणित
bijaganit (aangrezi: Algebra) ganit ki vah shakha hai, jisake aantargat sankhyaoan ke sthan par chinhoan ka istemal kiya jata hai. yah char aur achar rashiyoan ke samikaran ko hal karane tatha char rashiyoan ke man ko nikalane par adharit hai. bijaganit ka vikas hone se ganit vishay ke kshetr mean nirdeshaank jyamiti evan kailakulas ka vikas hua hai, jisase ki ganit ki upayogita aur bhi bahut jyada badh gayi hai. isaki madad se vijnan aur takaniki ke vikas ko ek nee gati mili hai.
apariharyata
bijaganit lagabhag sampoorn ganit ko ek sootr mean pirone vala vishay hai. arambhik samikaran hal karane se lekar samooh, riang aur phild ka adhyayan jaise amoort sankalpanaoan ka adhyayan adi anekanek chijean bijaganit ke antargat a jatian haian. bijaganit ke pragat amoort bhag ko amoort bijaganit kahate haian. ganit, vijnan, ianjiniyari hi nahian chikitsashastr aur arthashastr ke lie bhi arambhik bijaganit aparihary mana jata hai. arambhik bijaganit, aankaganit se is mamale mean alag hai ki yah sidhe sankhyaoan ka prayog karane ke bajay unake sthan par aksharoan ka prayog karata hai jo ya to ajnat hotian haian ya jo anek man dharan kar sakatian haian.
bijaganit ganit ki ek shakha hai jo sankhyaoan ke lie aksharoan ko pratisthapit karata hai, aur ek bijaganitiy samikaran ek paimane ka pratinidhitv karata hai jahaan paimane ke ek taraph jo kiya jata hai vah paimane ke doosari taraph bhi kiya jata hai aur sankhyaean sthiraank ke roop mean kary karati haian. bijaganit mean vastavik sankhya , jatil sankhya, maitriks, vaiktar aur ganit ke pratinidhitv ke kee aur roop shamil ho sakate haian.
shakhaean v kshetr
bijaganit mean keval samikaranoan ka hi samavesh nahian hota, isamean bahupad, vitat bhinn, anant gunanaphal, sankhya anukram, samaghat ya roop, naye prakar ki sankhyaean jaise sankhyayugm, saranik adi anek prakaranoan ka adhyayan kiya jata hai. bijaganit ko prayah nimnalikhit shreniyoan mean baanta ja sakata hai-
- prarambhik bijaganit - yah prayah skooloan mean 'bijaganit' ke nam se padhaya jata hai. vishvavidyalay star par padhaya jane vala 'grup siddhant' bhi prarambhik bijaganit kaha ja sakata hai.
- amoort bijaganit - ise kabhi-kabhi 'adhunik bijaganit' bhi kaha jata hai. isake antargat grups, riangs, philds adi bijaganitiy sanrachanaean isake antargat sikhaee jati haian.
- raikhik bijaganit - isamean sadish spes ke gunoan ka adhyayan kiya jata hai. maitriks bhi isi ke antargat ata hai.
- sarvavishayak bijaganit - isamean sabhi prakar ke bijaganitiy sanrachanaoan ke sarvanisht (k aauman) gunoan ka adhyayan kiya jata hai.
- bijaganitiy sankhya siddhaant - isamean sankhyaoan ke gunoan ka adhyayan bijaganitiy paddhati se kiya jata hai. sankhya siddhant ne hi bijaganit mean amoortikaran ka bij boya.
- bijaganitiy jyamiti - yah jyamitiy samasyaoan par amoort bijaganit ka prayog karati hai.
- bijaganitiy sanyojiki - isake antargat sanyojiki (kramachay-sanchay) ke prashnoan ke hal ke liye amoort bijaganit ka prayog kiya jata hai.
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