अग्निसह भवन

agnisah bhavan aise bhavan ko kahate haian jisake bhitar rakhe ya asapas bahar rakhe saman mean ag lagane par bhavan svayan jalane nahian pata. saubhagy ki bat hai ki bharatavarsh mean adhikaansh gharoan ki divarean agnisah hoti haian; kahian-kahian keval chhat, jab tak vishesh prabandh n kiya jae, agnisah nahian hoti; parantu yoorop adi thande deshoan mean, thand se bachane ke lie, pharsh, chhat aur divarean bhi bahudha lak di ki banati haian ya un par lak di ki tah chadhi rahati hai. isalie vahaan ag se bahudha bhari kshati ho jati hai. jin bhavanoan ko ve log pahale adahy (fayaraproof) kahate the, unamean bhi ag lag jane par gahari hani huee. udaharanat sanh‌ 1942 mean amarika ke ek naitaklab (madirapan-grih) mean ag lag jane par 491 vyaktiyoan ki mrityu ho gee, yadyapi bhavan adahy shreni mean gina jata tha. isalie ab adahy ke badale agnisah (fayar rezistaiant) shabd ka adhik prayog hota hai.

agnisah bhavan ka nirman

kisi bhavan ko agnisah banane ke lie usake nirman mean aisi vastuoan ka hi prayog karana chahie jo agnisah hoan. vaise to sansar mean aisi koee vastu nahian hai jis par tap ka ghatak prabhav n p data ho, to bhi sadharanat aisi vastuoan ko, jo agni athava tap ke prabhav se sugamata tatha shighrata se nasht nahian hotian, ham agnisah kahate haian. dekha gaya hai ki makan mean ag lagane par ag ka tap 700° seantigred se 900° sean. tak rahata hai. at bhavan nirman mean yadi aisi vastuean prayog mean laee jaean jin par is tap ka ghatak prabhav n p de, to bhavan ko ham agnisah kah sakate haian. is prakar eeant, kankrit tatha pakaee athava kachchi mitti tatha aisbestas ityadi agnisah padarthoan ki soochi mean ati haian.

jalate bhavanoan mean loha pighalata to nahian par phailata aur naram ho jata hai. atyadhik vistar (eksapaianshan) athava narami ke karan vah jhuk jata hai. isalie vah agnisah padarthoan ki soochi mean nahian rakha ja sakata, parantu yadi vah kankrit ke bhitar daba ho, jaisa riinphorsd kankrit mean hota hai, tab vah paryapt agnisah ho jata hai. at agnisah bhavan ke nirman ke lie mitti, eeant tatha kuchh matra mean kankrit aur riinphorsd kankrit upayukt haian.

lak di lagabhag 250° seantigred ke tap par sugamata se ag pak d leti hai. at agnisah bhavan ke lie lak di upayukt nahian hai. kuchh vishesh rasayanik dravyoan ke lep se lak di bhi ek sima tak agnisah banaee ja sakati hai. isaki kuchh vidhiyaan is prakar haian

1. 100 kilogram amoniyam fasphet, 10 kilogram borik aisid aur 1,000 litar pani ke ghol mean lak di dubone se vah bahut kuchh agnisah ho jati hai.
2. drav sodiyam siliket (likvid sodiyam siliket) 1,000 bhag, sapheda (myoodan hvait) 500 bhag, sares 1,000 bhag ko milane se jo lep taiyar hota hai use lak di par lagane se vah bahut agnilah ho jati hai.
3. (k)- ailyoominiyam salphet 20 bhag, pani 1,000 bhag;

(kh)- sodiyam siliket 50 bhag, pani 1,000 bhag. in donoan gholoan ko milaean tatha lak di par lagaean.

1. sodiyam salphet 350 bhag, barik aisbestas 350 bhag, pani 1,000 bhag. in sabako milakar lak di par kee bar lep karana chahie.
2. lak di par choone ki saphedi kee bar karane se bhi yah ek sima tak agnisah ho jati hai.

lak di ki divaroan par nimnalikhit agnisah ghol bhi lagaya ja sakata hai;

kh diya 90 bhag, saphed dekstrin 11 bhag, plastar aauv peris 11 bhag, phitakiri 4 bhag, khane vala soda 2 bhag. sabako barik pisakar achchhi tarah milana chahie. phir isake char bhag ko 3 bhag khaulate pani mean milane par lep taiyar hoga jisako divar par potana chahie. yah lep pani tatha ag donoan ke prabhav ko kam karata hai.

chhatoan par potane (peant karane) ke lie nimnalikhit agnisah yog upayogi haian

• mahin baloo 1 bhag, chhani huee lak di ki rakh 2 bhag tatha choona 3 bhag. sabako tel mean pheantakar burush se peant karean. yah yog sasta hai aur lak di ki chhatoan ko paryapt sima tak agnisah bana deta hai.

bhavanoan mean jahaan ag jalaee jane vali ho, jaise aangithi, choolhe ya bhatthi vale sthanoan mean, vahaan agnisah mitti ya agnisah eeant hi lagani chahie. isi prakar chhat aur pharsh mean mitti ya paki mitti ki tailoan ka prayog upayogi hota hai. phoos, lak di, kap da, kainavas tatha anyay aisi vastuoan ka prayog nahian karana chahie jo sugamata se ag pak d leti haian. lohe ka gardar ke badale riinphorsd kankrit, athava usase bhi achchha riinphorsd brikavark, eeant ya eeant ki dat ka prayog karana chahie. patthar kafi matra tak agnisah hai, par utana nahian jitani eetean. adhik garam hone ke bad shighrata se thanda kie jane par patthar chimat jata hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh