भारत सरकार अधिनियम- 1935
bharat sarakar adhiniyam- 1935 ke parit hone se poorv isasean 'saiman ayog riport', 'neharoo samiti ki riport', briten mean sampann tin golamej sammelanoan mean huye kuchh vichar-vimarshoan se sahayata li gayi. tisare golamej sammelan ke sampann hone ke bad kuchh prastav 'shvet patr' nam se prakashit hue, jin par bahas ke lie briten ke donoan sadanoan evan kuchh bharatiy pratinidhiyoan ne riport prastut ki. antatah is riport ke adhar par 1935 ee. ka adhiniyam parit hua. 1935 ee. ka adhiniyam kafi lamba evan jatil tha. ise 3 julaee, 1936 ko aanshik roop se lagoo kiya gaya, kintu poornaroop se chunavoan ke bad aprail, 1937 mean yah lagoo ho paya.
adhiniyam ki visheshataean
is adhiniyam mean kul 321 dharayean evan 10 soochiyoan ka samavesh tha, adhiniyam ki mukhy visheshataean is prakar thian-
- keandr mean dvaidh shasan ki vyavastha ki gayi. sanghiy vishayoan ko do bhagoan mean sanrakshit evan hastantarit mean vibhajit kiya gaya. sanrakshit vishay ka prashasan gavarnar-janaral kuchh parshadoan ki sahayata se karata tha, jo sanghiy vyavasthapika ke prati uttaradayi nahian the. hastantarit vishayoan ka prakashan gavarnar-janaral v mantriyoan ko sauanpa gaya. mantri vidhan mandal ke sadasyoan mean se chune jate the tatha usake prati uttaradayi hote the.
- is adhiniyam mean ek 'akhil bharatiy sangh' ki vyavastha ki gayi. is sangh ka nirman british bharat ke prantoan, chif kamishnar prantoan v deshi riyasatoan se milakar hone tha, kintu yah vyavastha lagoo n ho saki, kyoanki prastavit sangh mean bharatiy prantoan ka sammilit hona anivary tha, parantu bharatiy riyasatoan ka sammilit hona vaikalpik tha.
- prantoan mean dvaidh shasan samapt kar prantiy svayatta ki vyavastha ki gayi.
- prantiy vidhan mandaloan ka vistar kiya gaya, prantoan mean 11 mean se 6 vidhan mandaloan mean do sadanoan ki vyavastha ki gayi. kendriy vidhan mandal ke sadasyoan ki sankhya mean vriddhi ki gayi.
- prantoan mean matadhikar ka vistar kiya gaya. sampradayik nirvachan ko aur badhakar ise harijanoan tak vistrit kiya gaya.
- vivadoan ke nipatare ke lie sanghiy nyayalay aantim nyayalay nahian tha. antim nyayalay 'privi kauansil' thi.
- barma (vartaman myaanmar) ko bharat se alag kar diya gaya.
- grih sarakar mean mahattvapoorn parivartan hue, jin vishayoan par gavarnar apane mantriyoan ke sahayog se kary karata tha, us par unhoanne bharatamantri ke adhikar ko samapt kar diya aur sath hi 'indiyan kauansil' ko samapt kar diya gaya.
- adhiniyam ke tahat ek sanghiy nyayalay evan 'rijarv baiank aauf indiya' ki sthapana ki gayi.
pandit javahar lal neharoo ne ise 'anek brekoan vali parantu injan rahit mashin' ki sanjna di. madan mohan malaviy ne ise 'bahy roop se janatantravadi evan andar se khokhala' kaha. chakravarti rajagopalachari ne ise 'dvaidh shasan paddhati se bhi bura evan bilkul asvikrit' bataya. neharoo ji ne ise 'dasata ka naya chartar' kaha.
dosh
'bharat sarakar adhiniyam-1935' ke mahattvapoorn dosh is prakar the-
- is adhiniyam se gavarnar-janaral evan gavarnar ke adhikaroan mean aur vriddhi ho gayi. sanghiy shasan vyavastha doshapoorn thi, kyoanki isamean bharatiy rajaoan ko adhik sthan diya gaya tha aur sanghiy nyayalay ko antim nyayalay nahian mana gaya. sampradayik nirvachan pranali ko aur badhaya gaya. dvaidh shasan prantoan se hatakar keandr mean sthapit kar diya gaya. is adhiniyam mean kahane ke lie to 'prantiy svayatta' ki bat ki gayi, par vastavik roop se ab samast adhikar gavarnar ke pas hi the.
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