भारतीय नाप-तौल एवं इकाई

manushy jivan mean napataul ki bahut hi mahattvapoorn bhoomika hai. yah kahana kathin hai ki napataul paddhati ka avishkar kab aur kaise hua hoga kintu aandaza lagaya ja sakata hai ki manushy ke bauddhik vikas ke sath-sath apasi len-den ki parampara arambh huee aur is len-den ke lie use napataul ki avashyakata p di. pragaitihasik kal se hi manushy napataul paddhatiyoan ka prayog karata raha hai. samay mapane ke lie vrikshoan ki chhaya ko napane ke chalan se lekar konark ke soory mandir ke chakr tak anek paddhatiyoan ka prayog kiya jata raha hai.

bharatiy lambaee ka pariman

bharatiy lambaee ka pariman
72 bindu = 1 ianch
9 ianch = 1 bitta ya balisht
2 bitta = 18 ianch
18 ianch = 1 hath
2 bitta = 1 hath
2 hath = 1 gaj
1 gaj = 0.9144 mi.
1 varg gaj = 0.8361 mi. (0.9144 X 0.9144)
soochikaroan ya darjiyoan ki riti
21 ianch = 1 girah
4 girah = 1 bitta ya balisht
16 girah = 1 gaj
bhoomi ki lambaee napane ka pariman
22 gaj ya char pol ya latha = 1 jarib ya chen (Cubit)
1 jarib ya chen (Cubit) = 100 k di
uttar pradesh mean bhoomi napane ki riti
ek latha = 99 ianch ya 8 fit 3 ianch
20 anavaansi = 1 kachavaansi
20 kachavaansi = 1 bisvaansi (1 varg latha)
20 bisvaansi ya 20 varg latha = 1 bisva ya 1361 ¼ vargaphit
20 bisva = 1 bigha ya 3025 varg gaj
1 gaj ilahi = 33 ianch
66 gaj ilahi = 55 gaj
1 bigha = (60×60) varg gaj ilahi
1 bigha = (55×55) varg gaj = 3025 varg gaj
8 bigha = 5 ek d = 4840×5 ya 24,200 varg gaj
pashchim bangal ki bhoomi napane ki riti
1 varg hath = 1 ganda
20 ganda = 1 chhataank
16 chhataank = 1 katha
1 katha = 80 varg gaj
80 varg gaj (10 gaj × 8 gaj) ya (30 phit × 24 phit)
20 katha = 1 bigha
1 bigha = 1600 varg gaj
121 bigha = 40 ek d
1936 bigha = 1 varg mil
1 ek d = 121/40 bigha = 3 bigha 8 chhataank
panjab rajy ki bhoomi napane ki riti
1 karam = 3 hath
9 varg karam ya 9 sarasaee = 1 marala
20 marala = 1 kanal
4 kanal = 1 bigha ya 1620 varg gaj
2 bigha = 1 ghooma
madras rajy ki bhoomi napane ki riti
144 varg ianch = 1 varg phit
2400 varg phit = 1 manaee ya graund
24 manaee ya graund = 1 kani ya 6400 varg gaj
484 kani = 1 varg mil
121 kani = 160 ek d
mumbee rajy ki bhoomi napane ki riti
39 ¼ varg hath = 1 kathi
20 kathi = 1 pand
20 pand = 1 bigha ya 3925 varg gaj
6 bigha = 1 ruke
20 ruke =1 chahar

bharatiy kal ya samay pariman

bharatiy kal ya samay pariman
60 anupal = 1 vipal
60 vipal = 1 pal ya 24 sekand
60 pal =1 gh di ya dand ya 24 minat
2.. gh di = 1 ghanta
7.. gh di ya 3 ghanta = 1 pahar (prahar)
8 pahar ya 60 gh di = 1 din (divas)
ek chandr mas = 29 din, 31 gh di, 50 pal aur 7 vipal
7 din = 1 saptah
15 din = 1 paksh ya pakh
30 din = 1 mas ya mahina
12 mas = 1 varsh ya sal
12 varsh = 1 yug
100 varsh = 1 shatabdi ya sadi

bharatiy taul ki mapean

bharatiy taul ki mapean
8 khasakhas = 1 chaval
8 chaval ya 4 dhan = 1 ratti
6 ratti = 1 ana
8 ratti = 1 masha
5 sikis = 1 kancha
10 masha = 1 bhari
12 masha ya 16 ana = 1 tola
1 tola = 16 ana
5 tola = 1 chhataank
4 chhataank = 1 pav
4 pav (16 chhataank) = 1 ser = 1 kilogram
5 ser = 1 panseri = 5 kilogram
8 panseri = 40 ser = 40 kilogram
40 ser = 1 man
1 man = 40 kilogram
1 man = 82 2/7 pauand
1 kuantal = dhaee (2.5) man = 100 kilogram
1 kuantal = 100 kilogram
1 tan = 10 kuantal = 1000 kilogram

sankhya ki ganana pranali

sankhya ki ganana pranali
12 units = 1 dozen ya 12 ikaee = 1 darjan
12 dozens =1 gross ya 12 darjan = 1 gros
20 units = kori ya 20 ikaee = 1 ko di
20 sheets of paper = 1 quire
20 tav kagaz = 1 dasta ya jista
20 qrires of paper = 1 ream ya 20 dasta = 1 rim
10 reams of paper = 1 gattha ya 20 rim = 1 gattha

d aauktari nap

d aauktari nap
60 minim ya booand = 1 dram
8 dram = 1 auns
20 auns = 1 paint
8 paint = 1 gailen
1 chhota chammach = 1 dram
1 madhyam shreni ka = 2.. dram
1 b da chammach = 4 dram

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh