भारत के राजनीतिक दल
| chitr:Icon-edit.gif | is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav" |
lokataantrik shasan vyavastha ke antargat rajanitik dal ka atyadhik mahattv hai kyoanki is vyavastha ke antargat sarakaroan ka gathan us rajanitik dal dvara hi kiya jata hai, jo chunav mean bahumat prapt prapt karata hai. lokasabha ke chunav mean bahumat prapt karane vala dal kendr mean sarakar banata hai tatha rajy vidhanasabhaoan ke chunav mean bahumat prapt karane vala rajyoan mean sarakar ka gathan karata hai. bharat mean vastavik arth mean rajanitik dal ka gathan 1885 mean hua, jab kaangres astittv mean ayi. svatantrata sangram ke dauran kee rajanitik daloan ka gathan hua, lekin unaka astittv n ke barabar raha. svatantrata prapti ke bad bhi qarib 1967 tak sampoorn bharat mean kaangres ka hi prabhuttv raha, lekin 1967 mean kaangres ko anek rajyoan ki ki vidhanasabhaoan ke chunav mean bahumat nahian prapt hua tatha 1977 mean paanch daloan ke vilay se gathit janata parti ne kaangres ko kendr se bhi satta se hata diya lekin janata parti mean apasi matabhed ke karan kaangres pun: kendr mean sattaroodh huee. vi.pi. sianh dvara kaangresi pradhanamantri par lagaye gaye arop ke karan kaangres disambar, 1989 se joon, 1991 tak bhi kendr mean sattaroodh nahian rahi lekin joon, 1991 se mee 1996 tak pun: kendr mean sattaroodh rahi.
panjikaran
rajanitik daloan ka panjikaran nirvachan ayog dvara kiya jata hai aur panjikrit rajanitik daloan, chahe rashtriy star ke hoan ya rajy-star ke hoan, ko arakshit chunav chinh abantit kiya jata hai. 1952 mean nirvachan ayog dvara 14 daloan ko rashtriy dal ke roop mean tatha 60 daloan ko rajy stariy dal ke roop mean manyata di gayi thi. 30 siantabar, 2000 ko nirvachan ayog dvara marksavadi kamyunisht parti, janata dal (yoonaited) aur janata dal (sekular) ka rashtriy rajanitik dal ka darja samapt karane ke nirnay ke karan yah sankhya ghatakar kramash: 4 aur 48 ho gayi. bad mean 1 disambar, 2000 ko nirvachan ayog dvara chunav chinh (arakshan evan avantan), 1968 mean sanshodhan ki ghoshan karate hue marksavadi kamyunisht parti ko rashtriy dal ki manyata pradan kar di. is prakar vartaman mean rashtriy rajanitik daloan ki sankhya badhakar 5 aur rajy stariy rajanitik dal ki sankhya 47 ho gee hai. inake atirikt bharat mean panjikrit lekin gair-manyata prapt 612 rajanitik dal haian.
manyata
rajanitik daloan ko manyata nirvachan ayog dvara isake lie ghoshit "nirvachan pratik (arakshan aur abantan) adesh, 1968 ke adhin banaye gaye niyamoan ke anusar pradan ki jati hai. jo rajanitik dal manyata prapt rajanitik dal ke roop mean apana panjikaran karana chahata hai vah isake lie ayog ke samaksh avedan karata hai.
bharat mean pramukh rashtriy evan rajy stariy rajanitik dal
bharatiy rashtriy kaangres
thumb|250px|bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ka dhvaj
- bharatiy rashtriy kaangres bharat ka sabase b da rajanitik dal hai.
- is dal ki vartaman adhyaksh shrimati soniya gaandhi hai.
- kaangres dal ka yuva sangathan, bharatiy yuva kaangres hai.
- is dal ki sthapana 1885 mean huee thi.
bharatiy kamyunist parti
- prasiddh samyavadi neta em. en. ray ki prerana se 26 disambar, 1925 ko bharat mean kamyunist parti ki sthapana huee.
- ray ki salah se kamyunist parti ko kamyunist intaraneshanal ki shakha man liya gaya aur varsh 1928 mean kamyunist intaraneshanal ne hi bharat mean kamyunist parti ki kary pranali nishchit ki.
bharatiy janata parti
- purnagathit janasangh ke roop mean bharatiy janata parti ka gathan 6 aprail, 1980 ko sampann hua aur isake pratham adhyaksh ke roop mean atal bihari vajapeyi ko chuna gaya.
- is dal mean adhikaansh sadasy bhootapoorv janasangh, jisaka 1977 mean janata parti mean vilay ho gaya tha, ke shamil hue hi, sath mean kuchh gair janasanghi bhi isamean shamil hue.
janata dal
- janata dal ka gathan aktoobar, 1988 mean janata parti, lokadal (b) aur janamorcha ke vilay ke parinamasvaroop hua.
- 1989 mean hue lokasabha chunav mean is dal ne any daloan ke samarthan ke sath kendr mean sarakar ka gathan kiya.
muslim lig
- muslim lig ka mool nam akhil bharatiy muslim lig tha.
- yah ek rajanitik samooh tha, jisane british bharat ke vibhajan (1947) se nirmit ek alag muslim rashtr ke lie andolan chalaya.
- muslim lig ki sthapana bharatiy musalamanoan ke adhikaroan ki raksha ke lie disambar, 1906 mean huee.
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