जीन बैप्टिस्ट टॅवरनियर

thumb|jin baiptist tॅvaraniyar jin baiptist tॅvaraniyar satrahavian shatabdi ke sarvadhik khyati prapt videshi yatriyoan mean se ek tha. yah mugal badashah shahajahaan ke shasan kal mean bharat aya tha. karm se to vah ek jauhari tha, kiantu sath hi ek anubhavi aur sahasik yatri bhi tha.

• tॅvaraniyar apane samay ka ek khyati-prapt fraansisi yatri tha. usane apani yatraean 15 varsh ki ayu mean hi arambh kar di thian.
• poorv disha ki or usane sat yatraean kian, jinamean se chh: bar ki yatraean hindustan ke lie thian.
• jin baiptist tॅvaraniyar ki yatraean prarambh huee 1641 ee. mean aur isaka aant 1686-1687 ee. mean hua.
• usaki yatra vrittaant ki pandulipi ‘bibiliyothik impiriyale’ se prapt huee, jisake ek not se aisi janakari milati hai ki usake yatra vrittaant ke kuchh bhag ko usake mitr shapyujo ne taiyar kiya tha, jo ek itihasakar tha aur kuchh bhag usaki yatraoan ke sathi dailiye dalaand ne taiyar kiya tha.
• 1675 ee. mean usaka vrittaant 'nuvail ralesyoan dyusairayi graansinyor' shirshak ke aantargat prakashit hua tha. phir agale varsh ‘megnanam opas di siks vauyejes’ prakashit huee.
• jin baiptist tॅvaraniyar ne hi bharatiy prasiddh hire ‘kohinoor’ ke sambandh mean janakari di hai. javaharat tatha motiyoan ke bare mean atyant mahattvapoorn tatha vishuddh vivaran usane pradan kiye haian.
• tॅvaraniyar ka vivaran mugaloan ke arthik itihas ki janakari ke lie mahattvapoorn hai.
• mugal samant shaista khaan adi ke charitr-chitran bhi tॅvaraniyar ne prastut kiye the. usake ullekhoan se mugalakalin shasan vyavastha ki vastavik tatha sahi janakari prapt hoti hai.
• isake atirikt mathura ke 'keshoray patan' tatha kashi ke 'keshav mandir' ka bhi rochak ullekh usane kiya hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• tॅvaraniyar ki pustak 'trॅvals in indiya' (aangrezi)