दु:ख -न्याय दर्शन

• nyay darshan mean gyarahavaan pramey hai du:kh. du:kh kya hai- isake jnan ke bina apavarg-prapti ka adhikar hi nahian banata hai. baandhana, pi da tatha tap adi shabd ka arth hi du:kh haian. prachin acharyoan ke mat se isake tin bhed haian- adhyatmik, adhidaivik aur adhibhautik. jo ‘tritap‘ pad se prasiddh hai. pratikool anubhooti ke karan du:kh svabhav se hi apriy padarth hai. isaka lakshan ‘pratikool vedaniy‘ kaha gaya hai.

achary udyotakar ne isake ikkis prakar batae haian.

• jivoan ke du:kh ka ghar hai sharir, us du:kh ke sadhan ghran adi chhah indriyaan, un indriyoan ke grahy vibhinn chh: vishay, un chhah vishayoan ke jnan tatha du:kh se lipt sukh ye bis prakar ke gaun du:kh hai aur mukhy du:kh pratikool vedaniy hai. bhashyakar ne kaha hai- jahaan sukh hai vahaan du:kh avashy rahata hai. sukh ke sath du:kh ka avinabhav sanbandh hai. phalat: jivoan ke sukh bhi du:kh haian. sukh ke karan sharir adi to du:kh hai hi.
• in sabhi du:khoan ki atyantik nivritti ko hi mukti ke roop mean vyakhya ki gayi hai. yahaan ek bat avadhey hai. yah kadapi nahian manana chahie ki maharshi gautam sukh padarth ko nahian manate haian. unhoanne anek sootroan mean sukh pad ka vyavahar kiya hai. kintu unaka kahana hai ki mumukshu vyakti sukh ka bhi du:kh ke roop mean hi dhyan karata hai atev pramey varg mean usaka ullekh nahian kiya gaya hai.