केन्द्रीय सड़क अनुसंधान संस्थान
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kenhdriy s dak anusandhan sanshthan ki shthapana 1948 mean vaijnanik tatha audyogik anusandhan parishad ke anhtargat ek rashhtriy anusandhan prayogashala ke roop mean ki geeI sanshthan ai es o 9001 pramanikrit sangathan hai jo s dak evan parivahan anusandhan, mahamarg abhiyaantriki, kutitam evan rakharakhav, yatayat evan parivahan ayojana, bhoo takaniki tatha setu abhiyaantriki kshetroan mean sevaean pradan karata haiI sanshthan dvara s dakoan, yatayat, paryavaran tatha s dak pahaluoan, havaee kshetr kuttim, bhoo shkhalan nhyoonikaran se sanbandhit anusandhan shtar par tatha takaniki sevaean vhyavasayik roop mean sarvajanik evan niji kshetr ke grahakoan ko desh tatha videshoan mean pradan ki jati haiI
sanshthan mean kaphi sankhhya mean uchhch yoghyata tatha anubhav prapht vaijnanik tatha takaniki shtaph hai, jinhhean vibhinhn kshetroan mean samaroop baanta gaya haiI prayogashala mean parikshan suvidhaean tatha karyashthal anhveshan upashkar adhunikatam tatha poorn janakari sahit rakhe ge haianI kamhphyootaroan ka poorn jalatantr hai tatha soochana praudyogiki (ai ti) suvidhaoan ka kushalatapoorn prabanhdh kiya gaya hai I sanshthan mean prashikshan tatha pun:shhcharya path़hyakram vibhinhn samakalin vishayoan par samay samay par sanchalit kie jate haianI sanshthan mean pushtakalay evan pralekhan sevaean sarvochhch koti ki haian I
sanshthan ka itihas
gat 55 varsho ke niranhtar sangharsh ke bad s dak tatha parivahan abhiyaantriki ke kshetr mean vidyaman praudyogiki mean sudhar eanv navin gatividhiyoan ke vikas ke bad itihas likha gaya, vigat sabhi karyoan ka lekha jokha uchit dhang se rikarh d nahian kiya gaya tha aur chhote-chhote karyo ko nazaranhdaj kiya gaya. kuchh mahathvapoorn ghatanaean, jo sanshthan ki pragati tatha rashhtr ke prati samarpit seva ko darshati haian, is prakar haian -
- 1950-1959 ki mahathvapoorn ghatanaean
- d aau. arnasht jipkis, prasiddh s dak abhiyanhta, svitajaralainhd, poorv prabhari s dak anusandhan vibhag, phaidaral praudyogiki sanshthan, zyoorikh ko mee 1950 mean nideshak niyukht kiya gaya.
- sanshthan ki nianv 6 sitamhbar 1950 ko en. gopalashvami ayyangar, parivahan mantri, bharat sarakar ke dvara rakhi gee. sanshthan ko 11 ki.mi. door dilhli - mathura ro d par 33 ek d bhoomi aanvatit ki gee thi. is din d aau. es. es. bhatanagar, nideshak, vaijnanik tatha audyogik anusandhan parishad (si.es.ar.ar.) ne kenhdriy s dak anusandhan sanshthan ka adeshapatr rekhaankit kiya. 1951 mean kenhdriy s dak anusandhan sanshthan ne prashtavit sthan par ek ashthaee bhavan mean 15 takaniki tatha 22 anhy sadashyoan sahit kary karana aramhbh kiya. mrida, damar, kankrit tatha nirman samagri anusandhan ke kshetr the.
- bharat ke pradhanamantri pandit javaharalal neharoo ne julaee 1952 mean sanshthan ke mukhhy bhavan ka udaghatan kiya. maulana abul kalam azad, shiksha evan sanshkriti mantri, upadhhyaksh si.es.ai.ar. ne apana abhibhashan diya.
- pro. es.ar.mehara, kenhdriy s dak anusandhan sanshthan ke pratham bharatiy nideshak bane. pro. es.ar. mehara 'panjab abhiyaantriki mahavidyalay' ke priansipal tatha pi.dabhloo.di. anuansadhan prayogashala, karanal, panjab ke nideshak the.
- navin pushtakalay bhavan tatha seminar h aaul nirmit kiya gaya. anusandhan evan vikas prayogashala upakaran mangavae ge. pas ki 72 bigha zamin mean parikshan path banae ge.
- kankrit tatha masale ke pratirodhak gharshan ka moolhyaankan karane ke lie parikshan vidhi tatha parikshan upashkar vikasit kie ge. ye upalabdhiyaan bad mean bharat manak bane.
- 1958 mean bharatiy s dak kaangres (ai.ar.si.) mean adh:shtar sanhanan praudyogiki ke anusandhan tatha sunamhy kuttim ke abhikalhp ki sanshtuti ki gee.
- s dak nirman mean nimhn koti mridu (s aaupht) samagri ka prayog kar praudyogiki vikasit ki gee. bharat mean gahan khoj ke pashhchat vibhinhn prakar ki adh:shtar samagri ki upalabhdhata ko darshate hue samochhch rekha manachitr taiyar kiya gaya.
- rashhtriy shtar par ardrata paristhiti sarvekshan sanchalit kiya gaya tatha bharat ke vibhinhn bhagoan mean adh:shtar santripti shtar ko darshate hue manachitroan ko vikasit kiya gaya.
- bharat haivi ilaiktrikalhs (bi.ech.ee.el) ke lie 180 tan parivahan vahanoan ke lie kuttim motaee tatha nirman vidhi taiyar ki gee.
- urdhhvadhar baloo apavah pranali abhikalhp tatha nirman vidhi vikasit ki gee jo ki thvaran tatabandh saitalamaiant mean sahayak bani.
- kachhchh bhoomi tatha daladal ke madhhyam se poorvi drutagami mahamarg, mumhbee ke nirman ke dauran takaniki sarvekshan tatha gunavata niyanhtran pradan kiya gaya.
- gramin bharat mean 1950 mean bailaga di mal dhone ka pramukh vahan tha. pahie ke lachile abhikalhp, yok samhpark kshetr tatha dhuri bhar vitaran ke madhhyam se pashu kandhoan par dab ko nhyoonatam kiya gaya evan bailaga di ki gati ko asan banaya gaya.
- 1960-1969 ki pramukh ghatanaean
- ek chalati-phirati prayogashala shthapit ki gee jo karyashthal parikshan ke lie avashhyak ban gee. yah navinatam parikshan suvidhaoan se lais thi tatha bahut si pariyojanaoan mean karyashthal khoj sanchalit karane mean kaphi sahayak siddh huee.
- parivarti bhar ke anhtargat sanshthan mean sunamhy tatha dridh kutihtam uparishayi samarthhy bharavahan parikshan adhar suvidha uthpanhn ki gee. 40 tan ke adhikatam bhar ke karan kutihtam pratikriya prapht ki gee.
- eeant bharav kankrit kutihtam abhikalhp vikasit kiya gaya. kutihtam samarthy par bina kisi kamhpromais ke abhikalhp jhyada mitavhyayi hai.
- dridh kutihtam khanhdoan ke abhikalhp mean kankrit shlaib ki upari tatha nichali satah ke bich tapaman anhtar ki ek mahathvapoorn bhoomika hai. adhik anhtar kutitam khanhdoan mean tapaman prerit pratibal banata hai . desh mean vibhinhn shthanoan par vibhinhn motaee par anhtarathmak tapaman abhigrahan (kaipachar) karane ke lie adhhyayan sanchalit kiya gaya . abhikalhp motaee par uplabdhiyaan tatha sanshtutiyoan ko bharatiy s dak kaangres (ai ar si) dvara disha nirdesh ke roop mean shvikar kiya gaya .
· barnhtakhle pojolana portalainhd simeant shthanapanhn samagri ke roop mean vikasit ki gee . yah dekha gaya ki simeant kankrit kutihtam nirman mean simeant ka 20 pratishat tak pojolana dvara badala ja sakata hai . yah pariyojana sanshthan dvara tab li gee jab 1960 mean desh simeant ki bhari kami se joojh raha tha .
· lagatar prabalit kankrit kutihtam tatha nirman praudyogiki ka vikas kiya gaya tatha sanshthan dvara desh mean parichit karaee gee . is prakar ki kutihtam adhik motaee ki avashhkayata ko kam karati hai tatha nirman jo doan ko hatati hai evan kutihtam par bhari yatayat pravah ke lie upayukht hai . is praudyogiki ka prayog karate hue eyar philhd kutitam ka nirman bhi kiya gaya . upalabdhiyoan tatha sanshtutiyoan ko bad mean ai ar si disha nirdesh ke roop mean anumodit kiya gaya .
· sanshthan ne badv kankrit nirman vikasit ki tatha bharat mean pahali bar eyar philhd nirman ke lie isaka prayog kiya gaya . kutihtam upayogita retiang inhdaikhs vikasit kiya gaya jo s dak upayogakarta ke aram suvidha tatha vibhinhn vikriti prachaloan ko jo data hai . is pariyojana ke lie data ektrit karane ke lie vishtrit sarvekshan sanchalit kiya gaya .
· setu avasanrachana tatha nianv par badhati huee paramarsh maang ko dekhate hue 1966 mean alag se setu prabhag ki shthapana ki gee . isi varsh ek anhy bhari parikshan adhar 12em ka nirman kiya gaya .
· vishakhapatatanam, madras, tayootikorin, mangalaur, gova, kaandala port kshetr mean mridu/naram samudri mrida ke sthirikaran, nianv upachar, yaantrikaran tatha sudhar, krishi yoghy bhoomi par s dak tatha bhavan nirman par pariyojana kary kiya gaya .
· 8 agasht 1968 ko da. bi.ech. subhbarajoo ne agale nideshak ka padabhar samhbhala .
- 1970-1979 ke dauran ki mukhhy ghatanaean
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bhari varsha ke karan rrishikesh joshimath s dak par bhari kshati ke pashhchath bhoo-shkhalan par paramarsh kary kiya gaya .
· shimala mean bhoo-shkhalan ke karan s dakoan tatha bhavanoan ko kshati ke pashhchath anek sudharathmak upay sanshthan ne sanshtut kie .
· dilhli tatha bangalaur ke lie vishtrit shahari s dak sudhar tatha prabanhdh ayojana pradan karane ke lie pariyojanaean lene ke pashhchath yatayat tatha parivahan prabhag prakash mean aya . yatayat sarakuleshan, chauraha abhikalhp, parkiang, paidal yatri suvidha par anek anhy shaharoan tatha kashboan mean adhhyayan kie ge .
· kshatigrasht kankrit s dakoan tatha havaee pattiyoan ki shighr maramhmat ke lie praudyogiki vikasit ki gee . is vidhi ke dvara sithetik rejin ka prayog karate hue 8-12 ghanhtoan mean maramhmat poori ki ja sakati hai . is takanik par ai ar si ne ek nirdesh pustika prakashit ki .
· bandhakoan ki upayukht shreni nirdharit karane ke lie vibhinhn jalavayu sthitiyaan parikshan path prayog praramhbh kie ge .
· desh ke shushhk, ardh shushhk, nam, ardh nam tatha poorv nam kshetroan mean damar ki vibhinhn paanch shreniyoan jaise 30/40, 40/50 tatha 80/100 ka anht:shtravan adhhyayan kiya gaya .
· mastik eshphalht aprishhthan (ghutaee) ke nishhpadan ka anusandhan darshata hai ki yah kuttim sanrachana ko anhy paramhparagat vidhiyoan ki tulana mean behatar suraksha tatha vahaniyata de sakata hai . sarvajanik nirman vibhag ke poore desh mean s dak chaurahoan, phalaeeovar, bas shtap tatha setuoan par rapatan rodhak satah ke roop mean ro di ropit (graphatid) mastik eshphalht bichhana shuroo kar diya .
· kenhdriy maikenikal anusandhan sanshthan ke sahayog se gramin kshetroan mean traikhtar ka prayog karane ki praudyogiki ka vikas kiya gaya . vibhinhn vahanoan/gatimay upashkaroan jaise dishk hairo, rotavetar, rotilhlar, pani taiankar vikasit kie ge jo gramin kshetroan mean bahut upayogi tatha mitavhyayi pae ge .
· sanshthan ne kankrit s dak nirman ke lie kuchh upayogi yantr (divaisis) vikasit kie . inamean shvachalit jo d (siliang) band karane ka yantr, satah patti vaibretar, jo d nirman yantr haian .
· maroo tatha retile kshetroan ke lie poorv nirmit kankrit bhlak kuttim praudyogiki ka vikas kiya gaya . sunamhy tatha kankrit kutitam ka nirman jal tatha parivahan ke abhav ke karan maroo kshetroan mean athyadhik kathin hota hai tatha upayukht abhikalpit poorv nirmit bhlak bichhana behatar vikalhp hai . khanhdoan ka abhikalhp shatkoniy, sapat satah paranhtu tal khokhala rib sahit hai, jo ki anavarat satah banane ke lie shtaradi guchhchhi (dovelhs) ke sath parashpar jo de jate haian .
· sanshthan mean s dak asamatalata napane ke yantr vikasit kie ge .
· vai au a p ki yojana ‘‘jiloan ka roopaantaran’’ ke anhtargat sanshthan ne aandhrapradesh mean karim nagar jile ko chuna . is chayan prakriya mean sivil abhiyaantriki kshetr ke anhtargat ane vale utaradayithv jaise s dak sudhar, avas, jal apoorti, shvachhchhata ithyadi sammilit the .
· vikshep tatha vikriti mapane ke lie sanshthan ne vibhinhn takanikoan ka vikas kiya tatha setuoan ka nishhpadan moolhyaankan ke lie parikshan bhar prayog mean lae ge . is kshetr mean anhtarik parikshan suvidhaean bhi vikasit ki gee .
· julaee 1977 mean pro. si ji shvaminathan ne nideshak ka padabhar samhbhala .
· 1978 mean yatayat evan parivahan prabhag dvara bamhbee mahanagar kshetr ke lie vishtrit yatayat evan parivahan adhhyayan kiya gaya .
· 1979 mean sanshthan dvara vishhv baiank dvara prayojit s dak upabhokhta lagat adhhyayan praramhbh kiya gaya . adhhyayan ka uddeshhy vibhinhn paristhitiyoan ke anhtargat vahan nishhpadan ke gnitiy madal ka vikas karane ke lie vishtrit data ektrit karana tha, jo ki vibhinhn vargoan ke vahanoan ki eedhan khapat ka anuman lagaega . data ka upayog vishhv baiank ke mahamarg abhikalhp tatha rakharakhav (ech di em -3) ke madal ka vikas karane mean kiya gaya .
- 1980-1989 ke dauran ki mukhhy ghatanaean
badh pramukh kshetroan mean gramin s dakoan ke nirman ki nee vidhi vikasit ki gee jisamean alhp simeant u dan rakh adhar par alhp simeant gujhjhi dvara anht:sanbandhit poorv nirmit kankrit bhlak pagadandi ke sath-sath bichhae ge . is prakar pagadandi rashte lamhbe samay tak badh ke pani mean doobe rahane par bhi aprabhavit rahe .
· bharat mean buniyadi (praimari) s dak jalatantr ki s dak jhyamitiy tatha satah vishishhtataoan par adhhyayan kiya gaya . adhhyayan ke anhtargat 67 rashhtriy mahamarg par phaili 31,700 ki.mi. lamhbaee ka soochikaran sammilit tha . prathyek ki.mi. ke lie rookshata, kshaitij vakrata tatha urdhhvadhar prophail data ektrit karane ke lie yantrikrit kar ka prayog kiya gaya . kuttim sthiti, chau daee, satah prakar par anhy data bhi soochikrit kiya gaya .
· 1983 mean da. em pi dhir ne ne nideshak ke roop mean padabhar samhbhala .
· 0.27 ki.gra./em2 tak ranhdhr jaladab mapane ke lie kaisagrained pijomitar ka sudhara roop vikasit kiya gaya
· tri-akshiy sail ka sudhar kiya gaya jisaka prayog kshaitij tatha urdhhvadhar donoan dishaoan mean ubhar dab mapane ke lie kiya jata hai .
· 19 rashhtihy havaee adadoan ko unaki dhavan-patti (ranave)kuttim dridhikaran ke lie aankalit kiya gaya . bharatiy viman patan (eyaraport) pradhikaran ke anurodh par 1987-89 ke dauran pariyojana li gee .
· vibhinhn rajhyoan tatha rashhtriy mahamargo par dhuri bhar sarvekshan maikenikal bhar setu ka prayog karate hue poora kiya gaya . is adhhyayan ka uddeshhy desh ke vibhinhn kshetroan mean vibhinhn mahamargo par adhibhar ka nirdharan karana tha .
· setuoan ka bhar vahan kshamata parikshan vibhinhn navin vidhiyoan ka prayog karate hue kiya gaya . tejapur mean brahamaputr setu tatha jamhmoo shri nagar rashhtriy mahamarg par ar si si setu ka parikshan kiya gaya .
· setuoan ke ilaiktrik dharan parikshan se ekatrit data se ai ar si ke lie (kod aauph prauktis) prakriya sanhita banaee gee .
· bahy poorv-pratibal vidhi ka prayog karate hue puratan thane krik setu ki bhar vahan kshamata ko pun:shthapit kiya gaya .
- 1990-1999 ke dauran ki pramukh ghatanaean
pro. di.vi. sianh 1990 mean sanshthan ke ne nideshak bane .
· is dashabhdi ki shurooat bhootal-parivahan mantralay, bharat sarakar dvara prayojit kuttim nishhpadan adhhyayan se huee . kuttim nishhpadan sanketak data 113 parikshan khanhdoan se pakshik adhar par ektrit kiya gaya jisamean rajhy tatha mahamargo se namoona adhar par kuchh chunianda ne tatha purane donoan khanhd sammilit kie ge . bad mean anukoolatam rakharakhav tatha punarvas rananiti nirdharit karane ke udadeshhy se vibhinhn prakar ke nigharshan shtar ke lie alag-alag madal vikasit kie ge .
· sanshthan ne palimar sanshodhit damar (piemabi) sanghatan vikasit kar inaka peteant karavaya . desh mean kuchhek uthpadakoan ko uthpadan ke lie praudyogiki hashtanhtarit ki gee
· baiankalamain bim ka prayog karate hue vikshep traansadayoosar yantr ke prayog dvara vikshep data sangrah sanchalit kiya gaya jisake sanket tathkal parikshan ke pashhchath sansadhit soochana taiyar karane ke lie maikroprosaisar adharit pranali mean dale ge .
· kary shthal si bi ar mapane tatha aankiy man pradarshit karane ke lie sanshthan mean ek suvahy yantr (portebal divais) vikasit kiya gaya jo ki imhpaikht taishtar ke nam se jana jata hai .
· kutitam sthiti aank da sangrah vhhikal mauantid haee rejolhyooshan kaimara ka prayog karate hue banaya gaya . pratibimhb (imej) vishhleshan saphtaveyar ka prayog karate hue pranali se kutitam ki (darar, udhein, gadhadhe) sankat poorn sthiti uthpanhn huee .
· sanshthan ke visheshajn (ekhsapart) paryavekshan ke anhtargat adhikatar paha di kshetroan mean anht:pashan kankrit khanhd kutitam nirmit ki gee . is prakar ki kuttim ke lie niche uchit nianv tatha kinaroan se parirodh sahare ki avashhkata hoti hai .
· pro. e ke guphta ne 1996 mean sanshthan ke ne nideshak ka padabhar samhbhala .
· vibhinhn shaharoan mean purani sunamhy kuttim ka shthan kankrit kuttim le rahi hai khyoanki ajakal desh mean nirman ke lie kachhcha mal tatha praudyogiki donoan upalabhdh haian . sanshthan kankrit s dak nirman mean b de paimane par abhikalhp pradata, gunavata niyantrak tatha paryavekshak ke roop mean ju da hua hai .
· is dashak mean sanshthan ka roochipoorn anusandhan kshetr ka vishay raha ki kis prakar apashishht samagri ka nirman mean prayog kiya jae . sanshthan ka prayas tatabandh nirman mean u danarakh, tal rakh ke prayog ko lokapriy banana hai . yah sarvajanik nirman vibhag mean achhchhi tarah se shvikrit hai tatha kuchhek mahathvapoorn kary haian jaise doosare nijamudadin setu ke lie u dan rakh ka tatabandh mean prayog, okhala phalaee ovar, karnatak mean rayachoor s dak ka kuchh khanhd .
· setu abhiyaantriki mean ar si si sanrachana mean sanksharan ko nhyoonatam karane ke lie sudhare hue parat lep (kotiang) par khoj, ti-adhar ar si si sanrachana ke acharan par adhhyayan tatha setuoan ke nishhpadan manitariang ke lie, nee takanikoan ka vikas karane ke lie niji kshetroan mean disha nirdesh tatha abhikalhp mainual taiyar kie ge .
· pro. pi ke sikadar ne sanshthan ke agami nideshak ka padabhar 23 akhtoobar 1998 mean samhbhala .
- 2000-2005 ke dauran ki mahathvapoorn ghatanaean
shthaniy kshetr jalatantr (lokal eriya netavark) ‘lain’ shthapit kiya gaya . ‘lain’ kaimhpas mean 200 parsanal kamhphyootaroan ko jo dane ke lie 10/100 MBPs baiandavidth ti si pi / ai pi protokol ka prayog karate hue uchhch gati kamhphyootar kannhdriy tatha karyasamooh svich jalatantr hai . lain ke sath sath upayogakarthtaoan ko ee-mel tatha iantaranet sevaean pradan ki geean . eantivayaras saphtaveyar bhi dala gaya . sanshthan mean ai ti suvidhaoan ka vishtar kiya gaya . vaijnanikoan tatha anhy shtaph sadashyoan ko kamhphyootar, priantar tatha shkainar die ge .
· bhai. soo. pr. (ji aee es) prayogashala shthapit ki gee tatha ek alag samooh keval ji ai es anuprayog par kary karane ke lie banaya gaya .
· anusandhan tatha vikas prayoshalaoan ke adhunikikaran yojana ko praramhbh kiya gaya tatha bahut se adhunikatam tatha shtet aauph art upashkar lie ge aur unaka parichalan kiya .
· pradhan mantri gram s dak yojana (piemajiesavaee) pradhanamantri atal bihari vajapeyi ke dvara praramhbh ki gee . is karyakram ka uddeshhy varsh 2007 tak 500 tak ki janasankhhya vale gaanvoan ke graminoan ko motar chalit barahamasi s dakoan se samhbadhhdata pradan karana tha . sanshthan ne desh ke vibhinhn bhagoan mean jagarookata lane ke lie prashikshan karyakram sanchalit kie tatha is karyakram ko desh bhar mean gramin vikas mantralay, rajhy sarvajanik nirman vibhag, bharatiy praudyogiki sanshthan tatha kshetriy abhiyaantriki vidyalay ke sath samanvit kiya . sanshthan ne adhar dakhyoomaiantas ko taiyar karana praramhbh kiya, anhy sangathanoan ke sath paramarsh kar vidhi pranali taiyar ki tatha abhikalhp mainual tatha saphataveyar ishhtatam samhbadhhdata nirdharit karane ke lie taiyar kiya . karyanhvayan bhag bad mean rajhy pi dabhloo di ko hashtanhtarit kiya gaya .
· sanshthan ne prashikshan tatha mahamarg vikas ke prasar mean mahathvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee tatha echadiem-4 saphataveyar ke madhhyam se prabanadh praiktis jo ki barmi़gaham vishhvavidyalay, yoo.ke. dvara kod ki gee tatha vishhv mean anekoan sivil abhiyaantriki anusandhan sanshthanoan ke dvara banaee gee .
· d aaumar par anusandhan jari hai . nee uthpadan (jainereshan) uchhch nishhpadan damar tatha mishr abhikalhp ke anhy prakar vikasit kie tatha udyog ko prashtavit kiya gaya .
· sanshthan ne 28 pharavari 2004 mean bi aee es se aee es o 2001:1994 khyoo.em.es. laisaians liya gaya aee.es.o. praman patr se sanshthan ko anhtarik kary pravah tatha prabanhdh ko pun:gathit karane mean sahayata mili .
· vahan ee़dhan niti par rashhtriy pariyojana samay rahate poori ki gayi tatha si.es.aee.ar. ke madhhyam se bharat sarakar ko sanshtuti di gee .
· kenhdriy s dak anusandhan sanshthan ke vaijnanikoan ne varsh ke dauran vaijnanik tatha audyogik anusandhan parishadh ke hirak jayanhti varsh ke upalaksh mean anek karyakram ayojit kie jaise karyashala, golamej, khulamanch, pratiyogitaean ithyadi .
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