विष्णु सखाराम खांडेकर

vishnu sakharam khaandekar(janm- 19 janavari, 1898, saangali, maharashtr; nidhan- 2 sitanbar 1976), ko sahity akadami puraskar, padmabhooshan aur jnanapith puraskar (1974) se sammanit kiya gaya.

jivan parichay

vishnu sakharam khaandekar marathi bhasha ke suprasiddh sahityakar v medhavi chhatr the. 1913 mean banbee vishvavidyalay se maitrik mean achchhe aankoan se uttirn hue. pune jakar unhoanne fargyusan k aaulej mean pravesh liya, lekin is bich unake pita divagant ho ge aur unake chacha ne unhean god le liya. chacha ko unake shikshan par kharch karana bekar laga, isalie k aaulej chho dakar unhean ghar par lautana p da. tin varsh vah ganbhir rogoan se pi dit rahe aur svasth hone par 1920 mean ghar se lagabhag 24 kimi door 'shirod' namak gaanv ke skool mean adhyapak ho ge.

vivahit jivan

nau varsh bad khaandekar ka 'manu manerikar' se vivah hua. manu shikshit nahian thian, sahity ke prati kisi prakar ki ruchi bhi unamean n thi; par vah kushal grihini thian. 1933 mean ek vishaile saanp dvara dase jane par khaandekar ko bahut kasht sahana p da aur isaka prabhav unake chehare par bad tak bana raha.

patakatha lekhan

shirod se vah 1938 mean kolhapur a ge aur usake bad se vahian rahakar prasiddh film nirmata-nirdeshak, abhineta mastar vinayak ke lie filmi patakatha likhane mean lag ge. kuchh varsh bad mastar vinayak ki asamay mrityu ho jane par patakatha lekhan se unaki ruchi hat gee aur phir vah apane lekhan-kary mean sanlagn ho ge.

lekhan

khaandekar ko pratikool svasthy ke karan jivan bhar kasht bhogane p de . unaki drishti tak chali gee, magar 78 varsh ki ayu mean bhi vah pramukh marathi patr-patrikaoan ko niyamit rachana-sahayog diya karate aur sahity jagat ki pratyek nee gatividhi se sanpark banae rakhate.

puraskar

apane sudirgh aur yashasvi jivan mean unhoanne anek puraskar v samman prapt kiye.

• yayati ke lie unhean sahity akadami ne bhi puraskrit kiya aur bad mean feloship bhi pradan ki.
• bharat sarakar ne sahityik sevaoan ke lie padmabhooshan upadhi se alankrit kiya.
• jnanapith puraskar dvara sammanit hone vale vah pratham marathi sahityakar the.

prakashan

khaandekar ke lekhoan aur kavitaoan ka prakashan 1919 se shuru hua. apani unhian dinoan ki ek vyangy rachana ke karan unhean manahani ke abhiyog mean phansana p da, par usase sare koankan pradesh mean vah achanak prasiddh ho ge. pune mean unhean pramukh kavi natakakar ramaganesh gadakari ke nikat sanpark mean ane ka avasar mila. gadakari aur kolhatakar ke atirikt, jin any marathi lekhakoan ka vishesh prabhav khaandekar par p da, ve the gopal ganesh agarakar, keshavasut aur hari narayan apte.

gaandhi ji ki vicharadhara ka prabhav

shirod mean bitae ge 18 varsh khaandekar ke lie nirnayak siddh hue. logoan ki bhayanak daridrata aur ajnan ka bodh unhean vahian hua. vahian gaandhi ji ki vicharadhara ki un par amit chhap p di, jab ek ke bad ek unake kee mitr aur sahayogi satyagrah aandolan mean pak de ge. khaandekar kala aur jivan ke bich ghanishth sanbandh manate the. unaki drishti mean kala ek sashakt madhyam hai, jisake dvara lekhak poore manav-samaj ki seva kar sakata hai.

svatantr sahityik vidha

khaandekar ne sahity ki vibhinn vidhaoan ka kushal prayog kiya hai. unaki lagan ka hi phal tha ki adhunik marathi laghukatha ek svatantr sahityik vidha ke roop mean pratishthit huee aur vaiyaktik nibandh ko protsahan mila. roopak-katha namak ek ne kahani roop ko bhi unhoanne vikasit kiya, jo matr pratik katha ya drishtaant katha n hokar aur bhi bahut kuchh hoti hai. aksar vah gadyatmak kavita jaisi jan p dati hai. 1959 mean, arthat khaandekar ke 61vean varsh mean prakashit yayati marathi upanyas sahity mean ek nee pravritti ka pratik bana. spasht tha ki jivan ke tisare pahar mean bhi unamean navasrijan ki adbhut kshamata thi.

rachanaean

pramukh kritiyaan:-

upanyas-

1. devayani,
2. yayati,
3. sharmishtha,
4. kachadev.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh