थाट

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saptak ke 12 svaroan mean se 7 kramanusar mukhy svaroan ke us samuday ko that kahate haian, jisase rag utpann hote hai. svarasaptak, mel, that, athava that ek hi arthavachak haian. prachin sanskrit granthoan mean mel shabd hi prayog kiya gaya hai. abhinav rag manjari mean kaha gaya hai– mel svar samooh: syadrag vyanjan shaktiman, arthath svaroan ke us samooh ko mel ya that kahate haian, jisamean rag utpann karane ki shakti ho.

that ke lakshan

1. pratyek that mean adhik se adhik aur kam se kam sat svar prayog kiye jane chahie. isaka karan yah hai ki agar that sampoorn (sat svar vala) nahian rahata hai to kis prakar usase sampoorn ragoan ki utpatti mani jaegi?
2. that sampoorn hone ke sath-sath usake svar svabhavik kram se hone chahie. udaharan ke lie sa ke bad re, re ke bad g v m, m ke bad p, dh aur ni ane hi chahie. yah bat doosari hai ki that mean kisi svar ka shuddh roop n prayog kiya jae, balki vikrit roop prayog kiya jae. udaharanarth bhairav that mean komal re–dh aur kalyan that mean tivr m svar prayog kiye jate haian.
3. kisi that mean aroh-avaroh donoan ka hona avashyak nahian hai, kyoanki pratyek that ke aroh aur avaroh mean koee antar nahian hota. keval aroh ya avaroh ko dekhan se hi yah jnat ho jata hai ki vah kaun sa that hai.
4. that gaya-bajaya nahian jata. at: usamean vadi-samvadi, pak d, alap-tan adi ki avashyakata nahian hoti.
5. that mean rag utpann karane ki kshamata hoti hai.

thatoan ki sankhya

hindustani sangit paddhati mean ajakal 10 that mane jate haian. in thatoan se samast rag utpann mane gaye. adhunik kal mean sv. vishnu narayan bhatakhande ne that-paddhati ko prachar mean lane ki kalpana ki aur thatoan ki sankhya ko 10 mana hai. thatoan ke nam aur svar nimnalikhit haian–

1. bilaval that – pratyek svar shuddh.
2. kalyan that – keval m tivr aur any svar shuddh.
3. khamaj that – ni komal aur any svar shuddh.
4. asavari that – g, dh, ni komal aur shesh svar shuddh.
5. kafi that – g, ni komal aur shesh svar shuddh.
6. bhairavi that – re, g, dh, ni komal aur shesh svar shuddh.
7. bhairav that – re, dh komal aur shesh svar shuddh.
8. marava that – re komal, madhyam tivr tatha shesh svar shuddh.
9. poorvi that – re, dh komal, m tivr aur shesh svar shuddh.
10. to di that – re, g, dh komal, m tivr aur shesh svar shuddh.

nimn doha mean thatoan ka svaroop saralata se yad kiya ja sakata hai–

bhairav bhairavi asavari, yaman bilaval that.

to di kafi marava, poorvi aur khamaj..
shuddh suran ki bilaval, komal nishad khamaj
m tivar svar yaman mel, g ni mridu kafi that..
gadhani komal se asavari, re dh mridu bhairav roop..
re komal chadhati madhyam, marava that anoop..
utarat re g dh aru ni se, sohat that bhairavi..

to di mean reg dham vikrit, redham vikrit that poorvi..

das thatoan se utpann kuchh rag

kalyan thathoan ke rag

yaman, bhoopali, shuddh kalyan, chandrakant, jayatakalyan, malashri, hiandol, hamir, kedar, kamod, shyam, chhaya-nat, gau dasarang, ityadi.

bilaval thath ke rag

bilaval shuddh, alhaiyabilaval, shuklabilaval, devagiri, yamani, kakubh, natabilaval, lachchhasakh, saraparda, vihag, deshakar, hemakalyan, nat rag, paha di, maand, durga, maluha, shankara ityadi.

khamaj thath ke rag

jhianjhoti, khamaj, durga dvitiy, tilang, rageshvari, khanbavati, gara, sorath, desh, jejaivanti, tilakakamod ityadi.

bhairav thath ke rag

bhairav, ramakali, bangalabhairav, saurashtratank, prabhat, shivabhairav, anandabhairav, ahirabhairav, gunakali, kaliang da jogiya, vibhag, megharanjani ityadi.

poorvi thath ke rag

poorvi, pooryadhanashri, jetashri, paraj, shrirag, gauri, malashri, triveni, tanki, vasant ityadi.

marava thath ke rag

marava, pooriya, jait, maligaura, sajagiri, varati, lalit, sohani, pancham, bhatiyar, vibhas, bhankhar ityadi.

kafi thath ke rag

kafi, saiandhavi, siandoora, dhanashri, bhimapalasi, dhani, patamanjari, patadipaki, hansakankani, piloo, bageshvari, shahana, sooha, sugharaee, nayakikanh da, devasakh, bahar, vrindavani sarang, madhyamadi sarang, samantasarang, shuddh sarang, miyaan ki sarang, b dahansasarang, shuddh mallar, megh, miyaan ki mallar, sooramallar, gau damallar ityadi.

asavari thath ke rag

asavaro, jainapuri, devargadhar, siandhubhairavi, desi, shatrag, kaushik kanh da, darabari kanh da, adana, nayaki dvitiy ityadi.

bhairavi thath ke rag

bhairavi, malakauans, dhanashri, vilasakhani to di ityadi.

to di thath ke rag

to di (chaudah prakar ki), mulatani ityadi. yadyapi uparyukt das thathoan dvara aur bhi bahut-se rag utpann hote haian, kintu yahaan kuchh prachalit ragoan ka hi ullekh kiya gaya hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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