जैसलमेर

jaisalamer ka vihangam drishy
Panoramic View of Jaisalmer|thumb|300px

jaisalamer shahar, pashchimi rajasthan rajy, pashchimottar bharat mean sthit hai. pile bhoore pattharoan se nirmit bhavanoan ke lie vikhyat jaisalamer ki sthapana 1156 mean rajapootoan (rajapootana etihasik kshetr ke yoddha shasak) ke saradar raval jaisal ne ki thi.

visheshata tatha mahatv

yah sara nagar hi pile sundar patthar ka bana hua hai jo nagar ki visheshata hai. yahaan ke mandir v prachin bhavan aur prasad bhi isi pile patthar ke bane hue haian aur un par jali ka barik kam kiya hua hai. jaisalamer paryatan ka sabase akarshak sthal mana jata hai. bharat ke manachitr mean jaisalamer aise sthal par sthit hai jahaan itihas mean isaka vishisht mahatv hai. is rajy ka bharat ke uttar-pashchimi sima par vistrit kshetraphal hone ke karan yahaan ke shasakoan ne araboan tatha turki ke praranbhik hamaloan ko n keval sahan kiya varan dridhata ke sath in bahari akramanoan se unhean pichhe dhakelakar rajasthan, gujarat tatha madhy bharat ko sadiyoan tak surakshit rakha. meva d aur jaisalamer rajasthan ke do rajapoot rajy hai, jo any rajyoan se prachin mane jate haian, jahaan ek hi vansh ka lambe samay tak shasan raha hai. halaanki jaisalamer rajy ki khyati meva d ke itihas ki tulana mean bahut kam huee hai, isaka mukhy karan yah hai ki mugal-kal mean jahaan meva d ke maharanaoan ki svadhinata bani rahi vahian any shasak ki bhaanti jaisalamer ke maharavaloan dvara mugaloan se melajol kar liya jo aant tak chalata raha.

jaisalamer arthik kshetr mean bhi yah rajy ek sadharan ay vala pichh da kshetr raha hai, jisake karan yahaan ke shasak kabhi shaktishali sainy bal sangathit nahian kar sake. isake vistrit bhoo-bhag ko daba kar isake p dosi rajyoan ne ne rajyoan ka sangathan kar liya jinamean bikaner, khairapur, mirapur, bahavalapur evan shikarapur adi rajy haian. jaisalamer ke itihas ke sath prachin yaduvansh tatha mathura ke raja yadu vansh ke vanshajoan ka siandh, panjab, rajasthan ke bhoo-bhag mean palayan aur kee rajyoan ki sthapana adi ke anekanek aitihasik v saanskritik prasang ju de hue haian.

samanyat: logoan ki kalpana mean yah sthan dhool v aandhiyoan se ghira registan matr hai. parantu itihas evan kal ke thape de khate hue bhi yahaan prachin, sanskriti, kala, paranpara v itihas apane mool rup mean vidhaman raha tatha yahaan ke ret ke kan-kan mean pichhale ath sau varshoan ke itihas ki gathaean bhari huee haian. jaisalamer rajy ne mool bharatiy sanskriti, lok shaili, samajik manyataean, nirmanakala, sangitakala, sahity, sthapaty adi ke moolaroopaantaran ko banae rakha hai.

itihas

12vian shatabdi mean jaisalamer apani charam sima par tha. aranbhik 14vian shatabdi mean dilli ke sultan alauddin khilaji dvara rajadhani ko nestanabood kie jane ke bad isaka patan ho gaya. bad mean yah mugal satta ke adhin ho gaya aur 1818 mean isane aangrezoan ke sath rajanitik sanbandh qayam kie. 1949 mean yah rajasthan rajy mean shamil ho gaya. jaisalamer rajapootane ki prachin riyasat tatha usaka mukhay nagar hai. kianvadanti ke anusar jaisalarav ne jaisalamer ki nianv 1155 ee॰ (vikram sanvath) mean dali thi. kaha jata hai ki jaisalarav ke poorv purushoan ne hi gajani basaee thi aur unhoanne hi raja shalivahan ke samay mean syalakot basaya tha. kisi samay jaisalamer b da nagar tha jo ab isake anek rikt bhavanoan ko dekhane se soochit hota hai. prachin kal mean yahaan pila sangamaramar tatha any kee prakar ke patthar tatha mittiyaan paee jati thian jinaka achchha vyapar tha.

jaisalamer ka itihas atyant prachin raha hai. yah shahar prachin sindhu ghati sabhyata ka kshetr raha hai. vartaman jaisalamer zile ka bhoo-bhag prachin kal mean ’madadhara’ athava ’vallabhamandal’ ke nam se prasiddh tha. aisa mana jata haian ki mahabharat yuddh ke pashchat kalantar mean yadavoan ka mathura se kafi sankhya mean bahirgaman hua. jaisalamer ke bhootapoorv shasakoan ke poorvaj jo apane ko bhagavan krishna ke vanshaj manate haian, sanbhavata chhathi shatabdi mean jaisalamer ke bhoobhag par a base the. zile mean yadavoan ke vanshaj bhati rajapootoan ki pratham rajadhani tanot, doosari laudrava tatha tisari jaisalamer mean rahi.

pauranik itihas

valmiki dvara rachit ramayan ke kishkindha kaand mean pashchim disha ke jan padoan ke varnan mean maru sthali namak janapad ki charcha ki gee hai. d aau e.bi. lal ke anusar yah vahi maru bhoomi hai. mahabharat ke ashvameghik poorv mean varnan hai ki hastinapur se jab bhagavan shrikrishna dvaraka ja rahe the to unhean raste mean baloo, dhool v kaantoan vala marusthal (marubhoomi) ka registan p da tha. is bhoo-bhag ko mahabharat ke van poorv mean siandhu-sauvir kahakar sambodhit kiya gaya hai. pandu putr nakul ne apane pashchim digvijay mean marubhoomi, sarasvati ki ghati, siandh adi praant ko vijit kar liya tha yah mahabharat ke samaparv ke adhyay 32 mean varnit hai. marubhoomi adhunik makha d ka hi vistrit kshetr hai.

pragaitehasik kal

is pradesh mean upalabdh velojoik, mesojoik, evan sonajaik kalin avashesh bhoo-vaijnanik drishti se is pradesh ki pragaitehasik kalin sthiti ko pramanit karate haian. prachin kal mean is sanpoorn kshetr ko jyootalik chattanoan ke avashesh yahaan samudr hone ka praman dete haian. yahaan se vistrit matra mean jivashyoan ki hone vali prapti mean bhi yahaan samudr hone ka praman milata hai. yahaan manav ne rahana tab se praranbh kiya tha, jab yah pradesh sagariy jal se mukt ho gaya. jaisalamer kshetr ki mukhy bhoomi mean abhi tak koee ulkhanan kary nahian hua hai, parantu isake pashchim mean mohanajoda do v h dappa, uttar-poorv mean kalibanga v poorvi kshetr mean sarasvati ke ulkhanan ne yah spasht kar diya hai ki is kshetr mean adi manav ka astitv avashy raha hoga.

aitihasik kal ke praanrabh mean pauranik kal ki sima se nikal kar is kshetr ko madam d pradesh ke nam se jana jata tha. is pradesh ke lie ma d shabd ka prayog hamean pun: pratihar shasak kakkut ke ghatiyala abhilekh se prapt hota hai. isamean ise travani tatha vall ke sath prayog kiya gaya hai "yen prapta mahakhyati sravarnyo vall ma d ye". vall tatha ma d ko is lekh mean samas ke rup mean prayog kie jane se tatpary nikalata hai ki vall tatha ma d samipavarti rajy rahe hoange. us samay bharat ka samipavarti rajy ma d pradesh tha, isaka ullekh "alavilajoori" ke vivaran se prapt hai, jisamean is pradesh ko arab rajy ki sima par sthit hona bataya gaya hai.

al-vila joori ne ullekh kiya hai ki junaid ne apane adhikariyoan ko ma dam d mandal, barus, danatr tatha any sthanoan par bheja tha v jurj par vijay prapt ki thi. yahaan par ma damaud ka prayog maru pradesh ma d v mand mandal (marava d) ke lie kiya gaya hai ye donoan pradesh ek doosare ke simaant pradesh haian. jaisalamer kshetr ka kuchh bhag traveni kshetr ka hissa bhi raha hai jisaka ullekh pratihar baook ke jodhapur abhilekh se prapt hota hai. pratiharoan ke charamotkarsh kal (700-900 ee.) mean yah sara pradesh jisamean ma d hi tha, unake samrajy ka aang tha. pratiharoan ki shakti jab kalatanr mean kshin ho hi gee tatha is kshetr mean vibhinn kshatriy v sthaniy jatiyoan jinamean bhoota-langa, puanvar, mohil adi pramukh the ne chhote-chhote kshetroan par apana adhikar jama liya.

vyapar aur udyog

yah shahar oon, cham da, namak, mulatani mitti, ooant aur bhe d ka vyapar karane vale karavaan ka pramukh keandr hai.

krishi aur khanij

jvar aur bajara yahaan ki mukhy fasalean haian. bakari, ooant, bhe d aur gayoan ka prajanan b de paimane par kiya jata hai, choona patthar, mulatani mitti aur jipsam ka khanan hota hai.

yatayat aur parivahan

yah shahar jodhapur, ba damer tatha phalodi se s dak marg dvara ju da hua hai.

shikshan sansthan

yahaan shri saangidas balkrishna gavarnameant k aaulej namak ek mahavidyalay hai.

janasankhya

jaisalamer shahar ki janasankhya (2001 ki ganana ke anusar) 58, 286 hai. jaisalamer zile ki kul janasankhya 5,07,999 hai.

paryatan

jaisalamer shahar ke nikat ek paha di par bane hue is durg mean rajamahal, kee prachin jain mandir aur jnan bhandar namak ek pustakalay hai, jisamean prachin sanskrit tatha prakrit paandulipiyaan rakhi huee haian. isake asapas ka kshetr, jo pahale ek riyasat tha, lagabhag poori tarah retila banjar ilaqa hai aur thar registan ka ek hissa hai. yahaan ki ekamatr kakani nadi kafi b de ilake mean phail kar bhij jhil ka nirman karati hai.

jaisalamer, zile ka pramukh nagar haian jo nakkashidar haveliyoan, galiyoan, prachin jain mandiroan, meloan aur utsavoan ke liye prasiddh haian. nikat hi sam gaanv mean ret ke tiloan ka paryatan ki drishti se vishesh mahatv haian. yahaan ka sonar qila rajasthan ke shreshth dhanvan durgoan mean mana jata haian.

pramukh etihasik smarak

• jaisalamer ke pramukh etihasik smarakoan mean sarvapramukh yahaan ka qila hai. yah 1155 ee॰ mean nirmit hua tha. yah sthapaty ka suandar namoona hai. isamean barah sau ghar haian.
• 15vian sati mean nirmit jain mandiroan ke toranoan, stanbhoan, praveshadvaroan adi par jo barik nqqashi v shilp pradarshit hai unhean dekhakar daanto tale uangali dabani p dati hai. kaha jata hai ki java, bali adi prachin hiandoo v bauddh upaniveshoan ke smarakoan mean jo bharatiy vastu v moortikala pradarshit hai usase jaisalamer ke jain mandiroan ki kala ka anokha samy hai.
• qile mean lakshminath ji ka mandir apane bhavy sauandary ke lie prakhyat hai.
• nagar se char mil door amarasagar ke mandir mean makarana ke sangamaramar ki bani huee jaliyaan nirmit haian.
• jaisalamer ki purani rajadhani lodravapur thi.
• yahaan purane khandaharoan ke bich keval ek prachin jainamandir hi kal-kavalit hone se bacha hai. yah keval ek sahasn varsh prachin hai.
• jaisalamer ke shasak maharaval kahalate the.