बैजू बावरा

sangit samrat baijoo bavara / Baiju Bawra

vetravati aur oorvashi yugal saritaoan ke madhy viandhyachal parvat ki gagan chuanbi shreniyoan ke bich basa chanderi nagar mahabharat kal se aj tak kisi n kisi karan vikhyat raha hai. mahabharat kal mean bhagavan shrikrishna aur raja shishupal ke karan aur madhyakal mean mahan sangitajn baijoo bavara, mugal samrat babar, buandela samrat maidiniray tatha manimala ke karan yah itihas mean apana vishisht sthan banae hue hai. 16 vian shatabdi ke mahan gayak sangitajn tanasen ke gurubhaee pandit baijanath ka janm 1542 mean sharad poornima ki rat ek brahman parivar mean hua. chanderi baijanath ki kri da-karmasthali rahi hai. is bat ka ullekh prasiddh sahityakar shri vrindavanalal varma ke 'mriganayani' v 'durgavati' jaise aitihasik upanyasoan mean bhi milata hai. pandit baijanath ki balyakal se hi gayan evan sangit mean kaphi ruchi thi. unake gale ki madhurata aur gayan ki chaturaee prabhavashali thi. pandit baijanath ko bachapan mean log pyar se 'baijoo' kahakar pukarate the. baijoo ki umr ke sath-sath unake gayan aur sangit mean bhi badhotari hoti gee. jab baijoo yuva hue to nagar ki kalavati namak yuvati se unaka prem prasang hua. kalavati baijoo ki preyasi ke sath-sath preranasrot bhi rahi. sangit aur gayan ke sath-sath baijoo apani preyasi ke pyar mean pagal ho ge. isi se log unhean baijoo bavara kahane lage.

akabar ka darabar

mahan samrat akabar sangit evan kala mean khoob ruchi rakhata tha. usane apane darabar mean sangit v sahityakaroan ko ashray diya. usake darabar mean 36 sangitakar v sahityakar the. unamean se tanasen bhi ek the. tanasen akabar ke darabar ke nau ratnoan mean gine jate the. isi kal mean baijoo bavara ki sangit sadhana charamotkarsh par thi. akabar ne apane darabar mean ek sangit pratiyogita ka ayojan rakha. is pratiyogita ki yah shart thi ki tanasen se jo bhi muqabala karega. vah darabari sangitakar hoga tatha hare hue pratiyogi ko mrityudand diya jaega. koee bhi sangitakar is shart ke karan samane nahian aya parantu baijoo bavara ne yah bi da uthana tay kiya tatha apane guru haridas se ajna prapt kar sangit pratiyogita mean bhag liya. kaha to yahaan tak jata hai ki sangit ki dhunoan v ragoan se ag aur pani bhi barase. aantatah is pratiyogita mean baijoo ki har huee, kiantu bad mean akabar ne prasann hokar baijoo ko apane darabar mean rakh liya.

baijoo bavara akabar ke darabar mean rahane ke bajay gvaliyar a ge, jahaan unhean soochana mili ki unake guru haridas samadhisth hone vale haian. ve apane guru ke aantim darshanoan ke lie vrindavan pahuanche aur unake darshan karane ke pashchat vibhinn prakar ki apadaoan ka samana karate hue apane jivan ke aantim p dav mean kashmir naresh ki rajadhani shrinagar pahuanche. us samay unaka shishy gopaladas vahaan darabari gayak tha. phatehal baijoo ne apane ane ki soochana gopaladas tak pahuanchane ke lie dvarapal se kaha, to dvarapal ne do took javab diya ki unake svami ka koee guru nahian hai. yah sunakar baijoo ko kaphi aghat pahuancha aur ve shrinagar ke ek mandir mean pahuanchakar rag dhrupad ka gayan karane lage. baijoo ke shreshth gayan ko sunakar apar bhi d um dane lagi. jab baijoo ki khabar kashmir naresh ke pas pahuanchi, to ve svayan bhi vahaan ae tatha baijoo ka svagat kar apane darabar mean le ae. kashmir naresh ne gopaladas ko punah sangit shiksha die jane hetu baijoo se nivedan kiya. raja ki ajna se unhoanne gopal ko punah sangit shiksha dekar nipun kiya.

dukhad aant

kala aur baijoo ka prem prasang jitana nishchhal, advitiy evan sukhad tha, usaka aant utani hi dukhad ghatana se hua. kaha jata hai ki baijoo ko apane pita ke sath tirthoan ke darshan ke lie chanderi se bahar jana p da aur unaka vichhoh ho gaya. ve bad mean bhi nahian mile. is ghatana ka 'baijoo' ke jivan par kaphi prabhav p da aur isi ghatana ka baijoo ko mahan sangitakar banane mean kaphi yogadan raha. chanderi mean jab apane sangit aur svayan ka bhavishy aandhakar mean nazar aya to baijoo ne chanderi chho dane ka dridh nishchay kiya. gvaliyar ke maharaja manasianh ko kala evan sangit se atyadhik prem tha. unhoanne baijoo bavara ko apane darabar mean rakh liya tatha apani rani mriganayani ki sangit shiksha ki jimmedari baijoo ko sauanpi. baijoo ne dhrupad, moojarito di, mangal gujari adi ne-ne ragoan ka avishkar kiya. unhoanne mriganayani ko sangit mean nipun kar sangitachary banaya tatha bad mean darabar chho dakar apane guru haridas ke pas chal die.

jiandagi ki sham hote-hote pan. baijanath urph baijoo bavara chanderi vapas a ge. vahaan basant panchami ke din ve is duniya se vida lekar divy jyoti mean vilin ho ge. chanderi sthit viandhyachal parvat ki gagan chuanbi shreniyoan mean chandragiri namak paha d par kirti durg aur jauhar smarak ke madhy baijoo ke samadhi sthal par smarak bana hai. baijoo bavara ki smriti ko akshunn banae rakhane ke lie unake smarak ke rakh-rakhav tatha unaki yad ko chirasthayi banane ke lie unaki smriti mean varshik samaroh manae jane ki nitaant avashyakata hai. madhyakal mean sahity aur bhakti ka utthan hua aur ek aandolan ke roop mean isaka phailav hua. is kal ko bhaktikal ke svarnayug ke nam se jana jata hai. is kal mean sangit aur sahity ko rajakiy sanrakshan bhi prapt hua. bhaktikal ke pratipadakoan mean mahasant ramanuj, ramanand, nanak, kabir, sooradas, mirabaee (miraan), tulasidas, raidas aneka-nek sant rahe haian.

haridas ka shishy?

vrindavan ke kee vidvan baijoo bavara ko haridas ka shishy nahian manate. unaka kahana hai ki unhoanne kuchh chizean haridas se sikhi zaroor thian, lekin vo unake vidhivat shishy nahian the. halaanki vrindavan ke log baijoo bavara ko bhi svami haridas ka hi chela manate haian. kahani hai ki jab haridas ko krishna ki yad aee to vo vrindavan a ge aur is nidhi van mean rahakar bhagavan krishna ki bhakti aur sadhana karane lage.