कनिंघम
kaniangham
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| poora nam | alekzॅndar kॅniangham |
| janm | 23 janavari, 1814 |
| mrityu | 18 navambar, 1893 |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | puratattv anveshak |
| prasiddhi | 'bharat ke puratattv anveshan ke pita' |
| any janakari | kॅniangham ne anek puratattv-sthaloan ki khoj ki tatha is vishay par kee granth bhi likhe, jinaka mahattv aj bhi hai. |
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alekzॅndar kॅniangham (aangrezi: Alexander Cunningham, janm- 23 janavari, 1814; mrityu- 18 navambar, 1893) ko "bharat ke puratattv anveshan ka pita" kaha jata hai. kॅniangham ek british puratatvashastri tatha sena mean abhiyaantrik pad par niyukt the. inake donoan bhaee frainsis kॅniangham evan josaf kॅniangham bhi apane yogadanoan ke lie british bharat mean prasiddh hue the.
bharat agaman
1833 ee. mean ek sainik shiksharthi ke roop mean vah briten se bharat aye the, sainik ianjiniyar banakar yuddhoan mean bhag liya tatha bad mean barma (vartaman myaanmar) aur pashchimottar praant ke mukhy abhiyanta rahe. varsh 1861 ee. mean sevanivritt hone par vah puratattv ke kam mean lag gaye tatha apane adhyayan ke adhar par mridashastr ke adhikari vidvanh mane jane lage.
khudaee ka kary
kॅniangham ne mathura, uttar pradesh mean varsh 1871 aur 1882-1883 mean khudaee ka kary karaya. sar alekjandar kaniangham ne bharat ke puratattv vibhag ke nideshak ke roop mean 1870 se 1885 ee. tak kam kiya. unaki ruchi vividh vishayoan mean thi.
lekhan
kॅniangham ne anek puratattv-sthaloan ki khoj ki tatha is vishay par kee granth bhi likhe, jinaka mahattv aj bhi hai. janaral elekjeandar kॅniangham ne bharatiy bhoogol likhate samay yah mana ki klisibora nam vrindavan ke lie hai. isake vishay mean unhoanne likha hai ki kaliy nag ke vrindavan nivas ke karan yah nagar `kalikavart' nam se jana gaya. yoonani lekhakoan ke klisobora ka path ve `kalisobork' ya `kalikobort' manate haian. unhean 'iandika' ki ek prachin prati mean `kairisobork' path mila, jisase unake is anuman ko bal mila.[1] parantu sambhavatah kaniangham ka yah anuman sahi nahian hai.
kॅniangham ne apani 1882-1883 ki khoj-riport mean klisobora ke vishay mean apana mat badal kar is shabd ka moolaroop `keshavapura'[2] mana hai aur usaki pahachan unhoanne keshavapura ya katara keshavadev se ki hai. keshav ya shrikrishna ka janm sthan hone ke karan yah sthan 'keshavapura' kahalata hai.
puraskar v samman
kॅniangham ko inake yogadanoan ke lie 20 mee, 1870 ko 'aaurdar aauf star aauf iandiya' (si.es.aee) se sammanit kiya gaya tha. bad mean 1878 mean inhean 'aaurdar aauf iandiyan empayar' se bhi sammanit kiya gaya. 1887 mean inhean 'nait kamaandar aauf iandiyan eanpayar' ghoshit kiya gaya.
kॅniangham ka mat
kॅniangham ka mat hai ki us samay mean yamuna ki pradhan dhara vartaman katara keshavadev ki poorvi divar ke niche se bahati rahi hogi aur doosari or mathura shahar raha hoga. katara ke kuchh age se dakshin-poorv ki or mu d kar yamuna ki vartaman b di dhara mean milati rahi hogi.[3] janaral kॅniangham ka yah mat vicharaniy hai. yah kaha ja sakata hai ki kisi kal mean yamuna ki pradhan dhara ya usaki ek b di shakha vartaman katara ke niche se bahati rahi ho aur is dhara ke donoan taraph nagar raha ho, mathura se bhinn `keshavapur' ya `krishnapur' nam ka nagar vartaman katara keshavadev aur usake as-pas hota to usaka ullekh puranoan ya any sahity mean avashy hota.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ dekhie kanianghams ऎanshyant jiographi aph iandiya (kalakatta 1924) pri0 429.
- ↑ laisan ne bhasha-vijnan ke adhar par klisobora ka mool sanskrit roop `krishnapur' mana hai. unaka anuman hai ki yah sthan agara mean raha hoga. (iandishche altaratumsakunde, v aaun 1869, jild 1, prishth 127, not 3.
- ↑ kaniangham-arkeanolajikal sarve aauph iandiya, ainual riport, jild 20 (1882-83), pri0 31-32.