कालका शिमला रेलवे

thumb|250px|kalaka shimala relave kalaka shimala relave (aangrezi: Kalka–Shimla Railway) bharat mean aangrezoan dvara taiyar ki gayi ek nairogej vali parvatiy relave hai. isako banane mean shanadar ianjiniyariang kaushal ke sath 20 saloan ka ek lamba samay laga. yahaan ke mausam ki sthitiyoan aur durgam kshetr ne is lain ke nirman ko chunautipoorn bana diya tha. yah relave lain kalaka se shimala nagaroan ko apas mean jo dati hai. jahaan kalaka talahati mean basa hai, vahian aangreji hukoomat ke dauran bharat ki grishmakalin rajadhani aur vartaman mean himachal pradesh ki rajadhani shimala himalay ki shivalik parvat shreniyoan mean 2000 mitar ki ooanchaee par sthit hai. 100 kilomitar lambi is relave lain par 103 surange haian.

itihas

british shasan ki grishmakalin rajadhani shimala ko kalaka se jo dane ke lie 1896 mean dilli aanbala kanpani ko is relamarg ke nirman ki jimmedari sauanpi gee thi. samudr tal se 656 mitar ki ooanchaee par sthit kalaka relave steshan ko chho dane ke bad tren shivalik ki paha diyoan ke ghumavadar raste se gujarate hue 2,076 mitar oopar sthit shimala tak jati hai. 24 julaee 2008 ko ise yunesko dvara vishv dharohar ghoshit kiya gaya.

do phit chhah ianch ke is nairogej relamarg par 9 navanbar, 1903 se aj tak rel yatayat jari hai. kalaka-shimala relamarg mean 103 surangean aur 869 pul bane hue haian. is marg par 919 ghumav ate haian, jinamean se sabase tikhe mo d par tren 48 digri ke kon par ghoomati hai. is marg mean nirmit surangean v pul is lain ko aur adhik mahatv dete hai. sabhi surangean 1900 aur 1903 ke bich bani haian aur sabase lambi surang b dog surang hai joki ek ki.mi. se adhik lambi hai. 15 se 20 kilomitar prati ghanta ki kachhue ki raftar se chalane vali is train mean baithakar yatri himachal pradesh ke praranbhik parvatoan ko karib se tatha itminan se niharane ka mauka pa sakate haian. yah train kalaka se shimala ke 96 kilomitar ke safar ko 6 se 7 ghante mean tay karati hai.

vishv dharohar ka darza

kalaka-shimala rel lain ko aj bhi itane behatar tarike se sahejakar rakha gaya hai, jaise ki yah apane nirman ke samay rahi thi. isake ianjiniyariang kaushal ke sath-sath is lain ke relave steshan, signal pranali aur isaka purana upaniveshavadi svaroop ab bhi bana hua hai. 8 julaee, 2008 ko yoonesko ne bharat ki is kalaka-shimala parvatiy relave ko vishv dharohar ka darza pradan kiya. shimala ki thandi jalavayu aur khoobasoorat vadiyaan isase sate uttar bharat ke pramukh shaharoan ke paryatakoan ko har mausam mean apani taraph akarshit karati hai. uttar relave is relamarg par anek rel sevaoan ka sanchalan karati hai. iname rel motar kar, shivalik pailes , shivalik kvin aur shivalik dilaks eksapres rel sevaean shamil hai. lokapriy rel sevaoan mean 'jharokha' aur nav nirmit 'vistadom koch' lagae ge haian. is rel sekshan ke sabhi steshanoan par niahshulk vaee phaee suvidha upalabdh karaee gee hai.

yatrakram

thumb|300px|kalaka shimala relave

1. 0 ki.mi. - kalaka
2. 6 ki.mi. - takasal
3. 11 ki.mi. - gumman
4. 17 ki.mi. - koti
5. 27 ki.mi. - sanavara
6. 33 ki.mi. - dharmapur
7. 39 ki.mi. - kumarahatti
8. 43 ki.mi. - b dog
9. 47 ki.mi. - solan
10. 53 ki.mi. - salog da
11. 59 ki.mi. - kandaghat
12. 65 ki.mi. - kanoh
13. 73 ki.mi. - kaithalighat
14. 78 ki.mi. - shoghi
15. 85 ki.mi. - taradevi
16. 90 ki.mi. - totu (jatog)
17. 93 ki.mi. - samar hil
18. 96 ki.mi. - shimala

kiraya

1. pratham shreni - 270 rupaye
2. janaral shreni - 70 rupaye

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh