टिकुली कला
thumb|250px|tikuli kala tikuli kala (aangrezi: Tikuli Art) bihar ki behatarin shilp-kalaoan mean se ek hai. isaka apana ek samriddh aur paranparik itihas hai. ‘tikuli’ shabd ‘bindi’ ka sthaniy shabd hai. kaha jata hai ki bihar mean tikuli kala karib 800 varsh poorv patana mean shuroo huee thi. ye khoobasoorati se taiyar kie ge chitr hote the. patana usake nirman evan vikray ka samriddh keandr tha. madhy kal mean mugaloan ne is kala mean khas dilachaspi dikhayi aur use rajakiy sanrakshan diya, jisase usake prachar-prasar mean kaphi sahayata mili.
durlabh kala
bihar ki is durlabh kala ko sakar karane ki prakriya atyant jatil thi aur use banane ke lie vishesh kaushal ki avashyakata hoti thi. lekin, bihar ki is paranparik kala ko mugal samrajy ke patan aur aangrejoan ke agaman se ganbhir jhataka laga. aangreji shasan ke daur mean tikuli sahit kee svadeshi kalatmak vastuean mashinoan dvara nirmit hone lagian, jisase hajaroan paranparik kalakar berojagar hue. mashin nirmit tikuli ke bich asali tikuli kala kahian kho gee.[1]
punarjivan
ajadi ke bad chitrachary padmashri upeandr maharathi ki koshishoan se yah kala kuchh had tak punarjivit huee. japan pravas ke dauran unhean hard-bord par tikuli kala ko paranparik shaili mean utarane ka khayal aya, taki bajar ke sath bhi use jo da ja sake. unhoanne isake nirman ki ek prakiya vikasit ki. prakriya yah thi ki masoannait bord par inemal peant ki ek-ke-bad ek 12 paratean chadhayi jaye aur sookhane par use kath (lak di) koyale se ghisakar kaanch saman chamakila bana us par chitrakaann kiya jaye. chitr kis tarah ke banaye jaean, is bare mean unhoanne kuchh nahian likha.
pramanik shaili
tikuli shilp ya kala ka maujooda chalan karib char dashak purani ghatana hai. 1982 mean eshiyad gems ke pratiyogiyoan aur atithitiyoan ko sammanit karane hetu unhean ek-ek chitr diya jana tha. tab poorv likhit prakriya ke tahat taiyar marsonaeet bord par madhubani peantiang ki pratham padmashri jagadanba devi ki chitr-shaili mean chitr uker gaya aur un chitroan se upahar svaroop dekar khila diyoan aur atithiyoan ko sammanit kiya gaya. tab se jagadanba devi ki chitr shaili tikuli kala ki pramanik shaili man li gayi aur ab vah bajar ka hissa hai.
isake do dushparinam hue. pahala, paranparik tikali kala vilupt ho gayi aur doosara, kala bajar ne jagadamba devi shaili ke chitroan ko mithila chitr manane se hi inakar kar diya. tikuli kala ke nam par aj bihar sarakar har varsh lakhoan rupaye kharch kar rahi hai. aise mean jaroorat is bat ki hai ki tikuli kala par ganbhir shodh ho, taki n keval vah kala punarjivit ho sake, balki mithila kala mean jagadanba devi shaili ko bhi jivanadan mil sake.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ tikuli kala ka vartaman svaroop: paranpara ya adhunik ghatana? (hiandi) folkartopedia.com. abhigaman tithi: 01 march, 2020.