तंत्र

tantr (sanskrit shabd, arthath tantu) kuchh hiandoo, bauddh ya jain sanpradayoan ke rahasyamay acharanoan se sanbandhit kee granthoan mean se ek hai. hiandoo dharmik sahity ke paranparagat vargikaran mean puranoan (pauranik kathaoan, anushrutiyoan aur any vishayoan ke madhy kalin ativyapak sankalan) ki tarah uttar vaidik sanskrit granthoan ke ek varg ko tantr kaha jata hai. is prayog mean tantr saiddhaantik roop se dharmashastr, mandiroan evan moortiyoan ke nirman tatha dharmik acharan ke pratipadak haian, kiantu vastav mean jadoo-tona, anushthanoan aur pratikoan jaise hiandoo dharm ke lokapriy pahaluoan se sanbaddh haian. hiandoo saanpradayik sarani ke anuroop ve shaiv agamoan, vaishnav sanhitaoan aur shakt tantroan mean vibhakt haian.

shakt tantr

shakt tantroan ki soochiyaan ek-doosare se kafi bhinn haian, lekin sanket milate haian ki praranbhik paandulipiyaan qarib satavian sadi ki hai. ve devi shakti ko devi sarjan shakti ya oorja ka nari svaroop manate haian. is avadharana ka manana hai ki apani shakti ke bina shiv shav haian. yog se sanbaddh tantroan mean shakti ka tadamy kuandalini se kiya gaya hai; vah oorja, jo (merudand) ke adhar par tab tak kuandali ke roop mean rahati hai, jab tak ki yaugik sadhana dvara use sharir se guzarate hue oopar nahian laya jata. tantr paddhati yantroan evan mandaloan (anushthanik rekhachitr) aur mantroan (goodh akshar ya pavitr sootr) par bhi zor dete haian. shakt tantroan mean pramukh hai : kularnav, jo ‘vam hast’ karmakaandoan, jaise anushthanik maithun ka pratipadan karate haian; kulachoo damani mean anushthanoan ki charcha ki gee hai aur sharadatilak mean vishesh roop se jadoo-tone ka varnan hai.

tantrashastr

tantr ko tantrashastr shivapranit bhi kaha jata hai. tantrashastr tin bhagoan mean vibhakt hai,

(1)agam tantr

varahitantr ke anusar jisamean srishti pralay, devataoan ki pooja, satkaryoan ke sadhan, purashcharan, shatkarmasadhan aur char prakar ke dhyanayog ka varnan ho use 'agam' kahate hai.

(2)yamal tantr

tantrashastr mean srishtitattv, jyotish, nity krity, kram, sootr, varnabhed aur yugadharm ka varnan ho use 'yamal' kahate hai.

(3)mukhy tantr

tantrashastr srishti, lay, mantr, nirnay, tirth, ashramadharm, kalp, jyotishasansthan, vratakatha, shauch-ashauch, stripurushalakshan, rajadharm, danadharm, yugadharm, vyavahar tatha adhyatmik niyamoan ka varnan ho, vah 'mukhy tantr' kahalata hai.

siddhaant

tantrashastr ke siddhaantanusar kaliyug mean vaidik mantroan, japoan aur yajnoan adi ka phal nahian hota is yug mean sab prakar ke karyoan ki siddhi ke lie tantrashastr mean varnik mantroan aur upayoan adi se hi saphalata milati hai.

tantrashastr ke siddhaant bahut gupt rakhe jate hai. aur isaki shiksha lene ke lie manushy ko pahale dikshit hona p data hai, ajakal pray: maran, uchchatan, vashikaran adi ke lie tatha anek prakar ki siddhiyoan ke lie tantrokt mantroan aur kriyaoan ka prayog kiya jata hai. tantrashastr pradhanat: shaktoan (devi-upasakoan) ka hai aur isake mantr pray: arthahin aur ekakshari hua karate hai. jaise- hnian,klian, shrian, aian, krooan adi. taantrikoan ka pachch makar sevan (mady, maans, matsy adi) tatha chakr-pooja ka vidhan svatantr hota hai. atharvaved mean bhi maran, mohan, uchchatan aur vashikaran adi ka vidhan hai, parantu kahate haian ki vaidik kriyaoan aur tantr-mantradi vidhiyoan ko mahadev ji ne kilit kar diya hai aur bhagavati uma ke agrah se hi kaliyug ke lie tantroan ki rachana ki hai. bauddhamat mean bhi tantrashastr ek granth hai. unaka prachar chin aur tibbat mean hai. hindoo taantrik unhean upatantr kahate haian. tantrashastr ki utpatti kab se huee isaka nirnay nahian ho sakata. prachin smritiyoan mean chaudah vidyaoan ka ullekh hai kiantu unamean tantr grihit nahian hua hai. inake siva kisi mahapuran mean bhi tantrashastr ka ullekh nahian hai. isi tarah ke karanoan se tantrashastr ko prachin kal mean vikasit shastr nahian mana ja sakata.

atharvavediy nrisianhatapaniyopanishad mean sabase pahale tantr ka lakshan dekhane mean ata hai. is upanishad mean mantraraj narasianh- anushtup prasang mean taantrik mahamantr ka spasht abhas soochit hua hai. shankarachary ne bhi jab ukt upanishad ke bhashy ki rachana ki hai tab nissandeh vah 8vian shatabdi se pahale ki hai. hinduoan ke anukaran se bauddh tantroan ki rachana huee hai. 10vian shatabdi se 12vian shatabdi ke bhitar bahut se bauddh tantroan ka tibbatiy bhasha mean anuvad hua tha. aisi dasha mean mool bauddh tantr 8vian shatabdi ke pahale aur unake adarsh hindoo tantr bauddh tantroan se bhi pahale prakatik hue haian, isamean sandeh nahian. tantroan ke mat se sabase pahale diksha grahan karake taantrik karyoan mean hath dalana chahie. bina diksha ke taantrik kary mean adhikar nahian hai. taantrik gan paanch prakar ke acharoan mean vibhakt haian, ye shreshthata ke kram se nimnokt haian vedachar, vaishnavachar, shaivachar, dakshinachar, vamachar, siddhaantachar evan kaulachar. ye uttarottar shreshth mane jate haian.

bauddh tantr

bauddh tantr satavian sadi ya pahale ke haian v tathagatahmaka ek praranbhik evan utkrisht rachana hai. qarib nauvian sadi ke bad in rachanaoan ka tibbati aur chini bhasha mean anuvad kiya gaya aur kuchh to ab inhian bhashaoan mean sanrakshit haian, kyoanki mool sanskrit rachanaean kho chuki haian. bauddh tantroan mean mahattvapoorn rachana kalachakr-tantr hai.

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