हिमालय की जलवायु

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Himalayas hava aur jal sancharan ki vishal pranaliyoan ko prabhavit karane vale vishal jalavayaviy vibhajak ke roop mean himalay dakshin mean bharatiy upamahadvip aur uttar mean madhy eshiyaee uchchabhoomi ki mausami sthitiyoan ko prabhavit karane mean pramukh bhoomika nibhata hai. apani sthiti aur vishal ooanchaee ke karan himalay parvatashreni sardiyoan mean uttar ki or se ane vali thandi yooropiy vayu ko bharat mean pravesh karane se rokati hai aur dakshin-pashchim m aaunasooni havaoan ko parvatashreni ko par karake uttar mean jane se pahale adhik varsha ke lie bhi badhy karati hai. is prakar, bharatiy kshetr mean bhari matra mean varsha hoti hai, lekin vahian tibbat mean marusthaliy sthitiyaan haian. dakshini dhalanoan par shimala aur pashchimi himalay ke masoori mean ausat salana varsha 1,530 mimi tatha poorvi himalay ke darjiliang mean 3,048 mimi hoti hai. uchch himalay ke uttar mean sindhu ghati ke kashmir kshetr mean sthit skardoo gilagit aur leh mean sirf 76 se 152 mimi varsha hoti hai.

sthaniy ooanchaee aur sthiti se n sirf himalay ke vibhinn kshetroan ki jalavayu mean bhinnata ka nirdharan hota hai, balki ek hi shreni ki vibhinna dhalanoan par bhi alag-alag jalavayu hoti hai. udaharan ke lie, deharadoon ke samane masoori parvat par 1,859 mitar ki ooanchaee par sthit masoori shahar mean anukool sthiti ke karan salana 2,337 mimi tak varsha hoti hai jabaki vahaan se 145 kilomitar pashchimottar mean parvataskandh shrriankhalaoan ke pichhe 2,012 mitar ki ooanchaee par sthit shimala mean sirf 1,575 mimi barish hoti hai. poorvi himalay, jo pashchimi himalay ke muqabale kam ooanchaee par hai, apekshakrit garm hai. shimala mean darj nyoonatam tapaman- 25° selsiyas hai. 1,945 mitar ki ooanchaee vale darjiliang mean mee mahine mean ausat nyoonatam tapaman- 11° selsiyas rahata hai. isi mahine mean 5,029 mitar ki ooanchaee par mauant evarest ke pas nyoonatam tapaman lagabhag- 8° selsiyas hota hai, 5,944 mitar par yah- 22° selsiyas tak gir jata hai aur yahaan sabase kam nyoonatam tapaman- 29° selsiyas hota hai, aksar 161 kilomitar se adhik raftar se bahane vali havaoan se surakshit kshetroan mean din ke samay sudoor ooanchaiyoan par bhi aksar soory ki garmahat khushanuma hoti hai.

is kshetr mean ardr mausam ke do kalakhand haian, ja de mean hone vali varsha aur dakshin-pashchimi m aaunasooni havaoan dvara laee gee varsha. shitakalin varsha pashchim ki or se bharat mean ane vale kam dabav ki mausami pranaliyoan ke age badhane ke karan hoti hai, jisake karan bhari himapat bhi hota hai. jin kshetroan mean pashchimi vikshobh ka prabhav hota hai, vahaan satah se 3,048 mitar ki ooanchaee par hava ki oopari paratoan mean sanghanan hota hai, parinamasvaroop ooanche parvatoan par adhik varsha ya himapat hota hai. isi mausam mean himalay ki ooanchi chotiyoan par barf ekatr hoti hai aur pashchimi himalay mean poorvi himalay ke muqabale adhik varsha ya himapat hota hai. udaharan ke lie, janavari mean pashchim sthit masoori mean lagabhag 76 mimi varsha ya himapat darz kiya jata hai jabaki poorv mean darjiliang mean yah 25 mimi se bhi kam hota hai. mee ke aant tak mausami paristhitiyaan ulat jati haian. poorvi himalay ke oopar se guzarane vali dakshin-pashchim m aaunasooni havaean 5,486 mitar ki ooanchaee par varsha aur himapat ka karan banati haian, isalie joon mean darjiliang mean lagabhag 610 mimi aur masoori mean 203 mimi se kam varsha ya himapat darj hota hai. sitanbar mean barish khatm ho jati hai, jisake bad disanbar mean ja de ke mausam ki shuruat se pahale tak himalay mean sabase achchha mausam rahata hai.

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