तमिलनाडु की संस्कृति

[[chitr:Mahabalipuram-Beach-Tamil-Nadu-8.jpg|thumb|220px|mahabalipuram bich, tamilanadu
Mahabalipuram Beach, Tamil Nadu]] brahman jati ke purohitoan ke dharmik v rajanitik varchasv ko to dane ke prayasoan ke bavajood hiandoo dharm sanskriti ka kendr bana hua hai. hiandoo dharmik aur sevarth vibhag apane aantargat ane vale 9,300 se bhi zyada b de mandiroan par prashasanik niyantran rakhata hai. visheshakar chidanbaram, kaanchipuram, tanjavur (bhootapoorv tanjaur) aur madurai sahit adhikaansh nagaroan mean gopuram (dvaraminar) chhae hue haian. mandir utsav-chakr shraddhaluoan ko akarshit karate haian. inamean sabase prasiddh rath utsav hai, jisamean moortiyoan se sajjit rathoan ki shobhayatra ke sath mandir ke charoan or parikrama karaee jati hai. hiandoo parivar vibhinn matoan ke pramukh sansthanoan ya mathoan se ju de hue haian. kuanbakonam ka shankar math sabase mahattvapoorn hai.

tyohar

fasal kataee ke tyohar poangal mean janavari mah mean kisan apani achh‍chhi fasal ke lie abhar prakat karane hetu soory, prithvi aur pashuoan ki pooja karate haian. poangal ke bad dakshin tamilanadu ke kuchh hish‍soan mean ‘jallikattoo’ (tamilanadu shaili ki saando ki ladaee) hota hai. tamilanadu mean alanganalh‍loor ‘jallikattoo’ ke lie vishvabhar mean prasiddh hai. ‘chittirai’ madurai ka lokapriy tyohar hai. yah paanday rajakumari minakshi aur bhagavan suandareshvar ke alaikik parinay bandhan ka samriti mean manaya jata hai. tamil mahine ‘adi’ ke atharahavean din nadiyoan ke kinare ‘adiperooku’ parv manaya jata hai. isake sath hi nee fasal ki buvaee se sanbandhit kam bhi shuroo ho jata hai. nrith‍y mahoth‍sav ‘mamallapuram’ ek adbhut mahoth‍sav hai. samudr tat se lage prachin nagar mamallapuram mean pallav rajaoan dvara 13 shatabh‍di poorv chattanoan se katakar banae ge stanbhoan ka ek khula manch hai, jis par lokanrityoan ke alava nrith‍yakala ke sarvashreshh‍th aur suvikhh‍yat kalakaroan dvara bharatanatyam, kuchipudi, kathakali aur odisi nrith‍y prash‍tut kie jate haian. ‘natyaanjali’ nrith‍y mahoth‍sav mean mandiroan ki nagari chidanbaram ke nivasi srishti ke adi nartak bhagavan nataraj ko vishesh shraddhaanjali arpit karate haian.
[[chitr:Brihadeeshwara-Temple-Tanjore.jpg|thumb|220px|left|brihadeshvar mandir, tanjaur
Brihadeeshwara Temple, Tanjore]] mahamagham

mahamagham ek pavitr parv hai, jo barah varsh mean ek bar hota hai. mandiroan ki nagari kuanbhakonam ko yah nam daivi patr ‘kuanbh’ se mila hai. grishh‍m mahoth‍sav har varsh ‘parvatiy sh‍thaloan ki rani’ sadabahar uti, vishishh‍t sh‍thal kodaikanal ya yerookad ki sh‍vash‍thh‍yavarddhak ooanchi pahadiyoan par manaya jata hai. kanthoori uth‍sav vash‍tav mean dharmanirapeksh tyohar hai, jisamean vibhinh‍n samudayoan ke shraddhalu sant fakir kadiravali ki daragah par ikatthe hote haian. sant kadiravali ke shishy-vanshajoan mean se kisi ek ko 'pir' athava adhh‍yatmik neta chuna jata hai aur usaki archana ki jati hai. is uth‍sav ke dasavean din fakir ki daragah par chandan ghisa jata hai aur us pavitr chandan ko sab logoan mean baant diya jata hai. ‘velankanni’ uth‍sav ke bare mean anek ashh‍charyajanak dantakathaean prachalit haian, jinamean se ek yah hai ki solahavian shatabh‍di mean purtagali navikoan ne kuanvari meri ke lie ek vishal girajaghar banavane ka sankalh‍p liya tha, kh‍yoanki unh‍hian ki kripa se bhayankar samudri toofan se unake jivan ki raksha huee thi. ‘velankanni’ uth‍sav dekhane ke lie hazaroan log narangi pattiya dalakar us pavitr sh‍than par ekatr hote haian, jahaan jahaz akar zamin par laga tha. kuanvari meri dvara rogiyoan ko thik kar dene ki chamath‍kari shaktiyoan se sanbandhit anek batean bhi itani hi prachalit haian aur isake lie yah girajaghar, poorv ka lardasau ke nam se bhi prasiddh hai.
[[chitr:Pancha-Rathas-Mahabalipuram-15.jpg|thumb|250px|pancharath, mahabalipuram
Pancha Rathas, Mahabalipuram]] navaratr

navaratr parv ka shabdik arth ‘nau ratriyaan’ hai jo bharat ke vibhinh‍n pradeshoan mean bhinh‍n-bhinh‍n roopoan mean aur anokhe dhang se manaya jata hai. yah parv shakti, dhan aur jnan ke lie devi 'shakti' ko santushh‍t karane ke lie manaya jata hai. tamilanadu ka prakash parv ‘kartigai dipamh’ bhi bahut prasiddh hai. isamean gharoan ke bahar mitti ke die jalae jate hai aur ulh‍lasapoorvak patakhe chho de jate haian. tamilanadu ka sangit mahoth‍sav chennee mean disanbar mean manaya jata hai. isamean karnatak sangit ki mahanh aur amoolh‍y panrapara ka nirvah kiya jata hai aur is samaroh mean ne aur purane kalakaroan dvara sangit aur nrith‍y ki avish‍maraniy prastutiyaan pesh hoti haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh