विदेश व्यापार नीति
videsh vyapar niti bharat sarakar ke vanijy evan udyog mantralay dvara nirdharit ki jati hai. bharat ki nee videsh vyapar niti 2015-2020 ki ghoshan bhi ho gee hai. isake aantargat do nee yojanaoan 'bharat se vastu niryat yojana' aur 'bharat se seva niryat yojana' ka shubharambh bhi kiya gaya hai. vanijy evan udyog mantri shrimati nirmala sitaraman ne vijnan bhavan mean 'videsh vyapar niti 2015-2020' pesh ki thi. is nee panchavarshiy videsh vyapar niti mean vastuoan evan sevaoan ka niryat badhane ke sath-sath rojagar srijan karane aur pradhanamantri ke 'mek in iandiya' vijan ko dhyan mean rakhate hue desh mean mooly varddhan ko nee gati pradan karane ki rooparekha ka jikr kiya gaya hai. nee niti mean vinirman evan seva donoan hi kshetroan ko samarthan dene par dhyan kendrit kiya gaya hai. vahian, nee niti mean 'karobar karane ko aur asan banane' par vishesh jor diya gaya hai.
do nee yojanaean
nee videsh vyapar niti 2015-2020 pesh karane ke sath-sath ek ephatipi vaktavy bhi jari kiya gaya hai, jisamean bharat ki videsh vyapar niti ko rekhaankit karane vale vijan, lakshyoan evan uddeshhyoan ko vistar se bataya gaya hai. ephatipi (videsh vyapar niti) vaktavy mean ane vale varshoan ke dauran bharat ke vaishvik karar samajhaute ka khaka bhi pesh kiya gaya hai. 'ephatipi 2015-2020' mean pahale se lagoo kee yojanaoan ke sthan par do nee yojanaoan bharat se vastu niryat yojana (emeeaeees) aur bharat se seva niryat yojana (eseeaeees) ki shuruat ki gee hai. bharat se vastu niryat yojana ka uddeshy vishesh bazaroan ko vishesh vastuoan ka niryat karana hai, jabaki eseeaeees ka uddeshy adhisoochit sevaoan ka niryat badhana hai. isake tahat patrata aur upayog ke lie alag-alag shartean rakhi gee haian. in yojanaoan ke tahat jari ki jane vali kisi bhi skrip (pavati-patr) ke lie koee shart nahian rakhi gee hai. bharat se vastu niryat yojana aur eseeaeees ke tahat jari ki jane vali dyooti kredit skrip aur in skrip ke evaj mean ayat ki jane vali vastu poori tarah se hastaantaran yogy haian. bharat se vastu niryat yojana ke tahat inam dene ke lie deshoan ko tin samoohoan mean shrenibaddh kiya gaya hai. bharat se vastu niryat yojana ke tahat inam ki darean 2 se lekar 5 phisadi tak haian. eseeaeees ke tahat chunianda sevaoan ko tin pratishat aur paanch pratishat ki dar par puraskrit kiya jaega.[1]
pooanjigat saman kharidane ke upay
eepisiji yojana ke tahat svadeshi nirmataoan se hi pooanjigat saman kharidane ke upay kie ge haian. isake tahat vishesh niryat pratibaddhata ko ghatakar samany niryat pratibaddhata ke 75 phisadi ke star par la diya gaya hai. isase ghareloo pooanjigat saman nirman udyog ko badhava milega. is tarah ke lachilepan se niryatakoan ko sthaniy evan vaishvik donoan hi tarah ki khapat ke lie apani utpadak kshamataoan ko vikasit karane mean madad milegi. raksha evan haeetek utpadoan ke niryat ko nee gati pradan karane ke bhi upay kie ge haian. isake sath hi hathakaragha utpadoan evan kitaboan, cham de ke joote-chappal aur khilaunoan ke ee-k aaumars niryat ko bhi bharat se vastu niryat yojana ka labh (25 hazar rupaye tak ke moolyan ke lie) diya jayega.
nee niti ke ullekhaniy tathy
- bharat se vastu niryat yojana ke tahat paanch vibhinn yojanaoan (phokas utpad yojana, bazar liankdh phokas utpad yojana, phokas bazar yojana, krishi avasanrachana protsahan pavati-patr, vikejijevaee ka vilay karake ek nee yojana shuroo ki gee hai.
- bharat se sevit yojana ko prasthapit karake 'bharatiy seva niryat yojana' (eseeaeees) aranbh ki gee hai.
- 'bharat se seva niryat yojana' ‘bharatiy seva pradataoan’ ke sthan par bharat mean sthit seva pradataoan par lagoo hogi.
- in yojanaoan ('bharat se vastua niryat yojana' aur 'bharat se seva niryat yojana') ke tahat jari ki jane vali kisi bhi skrip (pavati-patr) ke lie koee shart nahian rakhi gee hai.
- in donoan yojanaoan ke tahat jari ki jane vali dyooti kredit skrip aur in skrip ke evaj mean ayat ki jane vali vastuean poori tarah se hastaantaran yogy haian.
- bharat se vastuh niryat yojana ke tahat protsahan/puraskar dene ke lie deshoan ko tin samoohoan mean shrenibaddh kiya gaya hai. isake tahat protsahan/puraskar ki darean 2 se lekar 5 phisadi tak haian.
- 'bharat se seva niryat yojana' ke tahat chunianda sevaoan ko 3 pratishat aur 5 pratishat ki dar par puraskrit/protsahit kiya jaega.
- vishesh arthik kshetr se niryat badhane ke lie sarakar ne ab eseejed mean sthit ikaeeyoan ko uparyukt donoan protsahan/puraskar yojanaoan ('bharat se vastue niryat yojana' evan 'bharat se seva niryat yojana') ka labh dene ka nirnay liya gaya hai.
- aise vinirmata jo darja dharak bhi haian, ve ab se apane nirmit utpadoan ko is bat ke lie charanabaddh dhang se khud pramanit kar sakeange ki ve mool roop se bharat ke hi haian. isase dvipakshiy evan kshetriy vyapar samajhautoan mean variyata pane mean madad milegi. sath hi is ‘manjoor niryat pranali’ se in niryatakoan ko aantarrashtriy bazaroan mean apani pahuanch banane mean asani hogi.
- eepisiji yojana ke tahat svadeshi nirmataoan se hi pooanjigat saman kharidane ke upay kie ge haian. isake tahat vishesh niryat pratibaddhata ko 90 pratishat se ghatakar samany niryat pratibaddhata ke 75 phisadi ke star par la diya gaya hai. isase ghareloo pooanjigat saman nirman udyog ko badhava milega. is tarah ke lachilepan se niryatakoan ko sthaniy evan vaishvik donoan hi tarah ki khapat ke lie apani utpadak kshamataoan ko vikasit karane mean madad milegi.
- raksha evan haee-tek utpadoan ke niryat ko nee gati pradan karane ke bhi upay kie ge haian. sath hi hathakaragha utpadoan evan kitaboan, cham de ke joote-chappal aur khilaunoan ke ee-k aaumars niryat ko bhi bharat se vastus niryat yojana ka labh (25 hazar rupaye tak mooly ke lie) diya jaega.
- shat-pratishat eeoyoo[2])/eeechatipi[3]/esatipiaee[4]/bitipi[5] yojanaoan ke tahat nirman evan niryat ko badhava dene ke lie bhi anek kadam uthae ge haian. in ikaeeyoan ke lie ‘tvarit manjoori suvidha’ bhi in anek kadamoan mean shamil hai. isake alava ye ikaeeyaan apani buniyadi dhaanchagat suvidhaoan ko bhi sajha kar sakeangi.
- dohari upayog ki vastuoan ke niryat ko sugam banane aur protsahit karane ke tahat esasioemeeti niryat pradhikaran ki vaidhata vartaman 12 mah se badhakar 24 mah kiya gaya hai. kuchh vishesh dashaoan mean svachalit adhar par doharane ke adesh ke pradhikar par vichar kiya jaega.
- nirman kshetr evan rojagar srijan mean chhote evan majhaule upakramoan ki vishesh ahamiyat ko dhyan mean rakhate hue 108 ‘emesemee’ ki pahachan ki gee hai, taki niryat ko nee gati pradan ki ja sake.
- nee videsh vyapar niti mean ‘darja prapt’ namak shaktishali udyogapatiyoan ko paribhashit evan vargikrit kiya gaya hai. isake anusar ab shaktishali udyogapatiyoan, jinhoanne aantarrashtriy vyapar mean utkrisht pradarshan kiya hai aur desh ke videshi vyapar ko badhane mean saphalatapoorvak yogadan diya hai, ko ‘darja prapt’ ke roop mean manyata pradan kie jane ka prastav hai.
- aise vyapariyoan ko unake vyaparik len-den ki lagat aur samay ko ghatane ke lie unake sath vishesh vyavahar aur unake vyapar ko suvidhajanak banane ke lie vishesh suvidhaean upalabdh karane ka prastav hai.
- nee videsh vyapar niti mean niryat grih, star niryat grih, vyapar grih, star vyapar grih, primiyar vyapar grih, praman patr ko parivartit karake kramashah ek, do, tin, char, paanch, star niryat grih kar diya gaya hai.
niryat pradarshan/nishpadan ke manadand
darja prapt ki manyata ke lie niryat pradarshan/nishpadan ke manadand ko rupaye se yoo.es. d aaular ki ay mean parivartan kiya gaya hai. naya manadand is prakar hai-
| kr.san. | darja shreni | niryat nishpadan/pradarshan phret aaun bord/phret aaun risiv (jaisa roopaantarit) mooly (yooes d aaular miliyan mean) vartaman aur do varsh poorv |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | ek star niryat grih | 3 |
| 2. | do star niryat grih | 25 |
| 3. | tin star niryat grih | 100 |
| 4. | char star niryat grih | 500 |
| 5. | paanch star niryat grih | 2000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|