निर्यात

niryat (aangrezi: Export), sima shulk adhiniyam-1962 ke anusar niryat ka arth "bharat se kisi doosare sthan, jo bharat ke bahar ho, tak le jana hai." is hisab se niryatit vastu ka arth "koee vastu ya phir saman jo bharat ke bahar le jaya gaya ho", aur niryatak ka arth aise vyakti se hai jo us vastu ka usake niryat shuroo hone aur usake niryatit ho jane tak usaka malik ho ya phir jo use rakhata ho.

namoona bhejana

niryat ke vyapar mean mal ya vastu ka namoona bheja jana am bat hai. bheje jane vale namoone ki qimat, bheje jane ke madhyam (havaee jahaz, pani jahaz, dak, koriyar), akar (lambaee, chau daee), vajan, prakar (taral, thos, gais, jvalanashil) adi par rashtriy, aantarrashtriy niyam, qanoon alag alag hote haian.

anubandh

niryat anubandh par hastakshar karane se pahale yah dekh lena chahie ki usamean sabhi zaroori batoan par charcha ki gee hai ya nahian, jaise-

1. mal ke akar, prakar, vajan adi ka poora vivaran.
2. niryat hone se pahale mal ka nirakshan kaun karega? grahak dvara ya kisi nirakshan sanstha dvara?
3. mal ki paikiang aur usaka lebal kis prakar ka hoga?
4. mal ki supurdigi kahaan hogi? ise le jane, bhejane ka madhyam kya hoga? yane ise pani jahaz, havaee jahaz, dak, rel ya trak vagairah se bheja jayega?
5. chhoot (disakauant), kamishan vagairah kitana hoga? niryat ke mooly ka svaroop kya hoga? isaki mudra kya hogi?
6. qimat ka bhugatan kaise hoga?

madhyasthata ki shartean

ayatak aur niryatak ke bich hone vale matabhed ke vakt kya kiya jayega? madhyasthata ke lie kis sansthan ki sahayata li jaegi. is sambandh mean eksaport promoshan kauansil, indiyan marchent chaimbar vagairah ki sahayata li ja sakati hai.

vargikaran

bharat ke niryat mote taur par char vagoan mean vibhakt kiye jate haian-

1. krishi aur sambandhit utpad jisamean k aauphi, chay, khal, tambakoo, kajoo, garam masale, chini, kachchi ruee, chaval, machhali aur machhali se bani vastuean, gosht aur gosht se bani vastuean, vanaspati tel, phal, sabjiyaan aur dalean.
2. ayaskoan aur khanijoan mean maianganij ayask, abhrak aur kachcha loha shamil kie jate haian.
3. nirmit vastuoan mean sooti vastr aur sile-silae kap de, patasan ki bani vastuean, cham da aur joot, haiandikraphts, haindaloom, kutir evan krapht vastuean, moti aur bahumooly patthar, rasayan, ianjiniyariang vastuean tatha lauh evan ispat shamil kie jate haian.
4. khanij, eedhan aur lubrikents.

bharat ne dhire-dhire svatantrata poorv mukhy roop se prathamik utpad niryat karane vale desh se vartaman mean nirmit utpadoan ke niryatak ke roop mean svayan ko parivartit kiya hai. arthavyavastha mean hue vikas ko pratibimbit karate hue, niryat ki jane vali madoan mean paramparagat se gair-paramparagat madoan ki or parivartan hua.

1. REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• ayat evan niryat ka matalab
• ayat niryat niti