सांता क्लॉज़
thumb|300px|saanta kl aauj saanta kl aauz (aangrezi: Santa Claus) ko seant nikolas, fadar krisamas (krisamas ke janak), kris kriangal, ya sirph 'saanta' ke nam se bhi jana jata hai. pauranik aur aitihasik drishti se ve lok kathaoan mean prachalit ek vyakti haian. kee pashchimi sanskritiyoan mean aisa mana jata hai ki saanta krisamas ki poorv sandhya, yani 24 disambar ki sham ya der rat ke samay ke dauran achchhe bachchoan ke gharoan mean akar unhean upahar deta hai.
krisamas par saanta kl aauj
krisamas ka tyohar har sal 25 disanbar ko poori duniya mean manaya jata hai. yah tyohar prem v manavata ka sandesh to deta hi hai sath hi yah bhi batata hai ki khushiyaan baantana hi eeshvar ki sachchi seva hai. saanta kl aauz dvara bachchoan ko upahar baantana isi bat ka pratik hai. jab-jab saanta kl aauz ki bat chalati hai, to man mean ek aise vyakti ki chhavi ubharati hai, jo danashil hai, dayalu hai aur sabake chehare par khushiyaan bikherane ke lie, khasataur par n aaurth pol se chalakar ata hai. saanta keval ek dharm vishesh ke nahian balki poori manavata ke jivant pratik hai. saanta khlaz lal v safed dres pahane hue, ek vriddh mota pauranik charitr hai, jo rendiyar par savar hota hai. saanta kl aauz ka nam sabhi bachche vishesh roop se janate haian. ho..ho..ho.. kahate hue lal-saphed kap doan mean b di-si shvet dadhi aur baloan vale, kandhe par giphts se bhara b da-sa baig latakae, hathoan mean krisamas bel lie saanta kl aauz bachchoan se bahut pyar karate haian. bachchoan ke pyare saanta jinhean ‘‘sant nikolas’’, kris kriangal, krisamas pita bhi kaha jata hai, jo keval krisamas vale din hi ate haian. is din saanta khl aauj bachchoan ko ch aaukalets, upahar dekar bachchoan ki muskurahat ka karan ban jate haian. tabhi to har krisamas bachche apane saanta aankal ka besabri se iantazar karate haian.
saanta kl aauz se ju di manyata
aisi manyata hai ki sal bhar saanta kloz aur misij kloz bachchoan ke lie, khilaune, kuki, kek, paee, biskut, keandi taiyar karavate haian. isake bad seanta kl aauz upahar ko ek b di si jholi mean bharakar vo krisamas ke pahale ki rat yani 24 disanbar ko apane 8 u dane vale renadiyar vale slej par baithakar kisi barphile jagah se ate haian aur chimaniyoan ke raste gharoan mean pravesh karake sabhi achchhe bachchoan ke lie unake sirahane upahar chho d jate haian. saanta ke reandiyaroan ke nam haian, ‘‘rudolf, deshar, daansar, prensar, viksan, deandar, blitazan, kyupid aur komet’’. santa kloz khas taur se krisamas ke tyauhar mean bachchoan ko khilaune aur tohaphe baantane hi to uttari dhruv par ate haian baki ka samay ve lep laind, phinalaind mean rahate haian. bahut barasoan pahale ki bat hai jab saanta kloj aur unake sathi aur madadagar elphoan ki toli ne jadoo ki jhilamilati dhool, reandiyaroan par dali thi usi ke karan reandiyaroan ko udana a gaya. sirph krisamas ki rat ke liye hi is maijik dast ka upayog hota hai aur santa kloz apana saphar shuroo kare usake bas kuchh lamhoan pahale maijik dast chhi dak kar, sham ko yatra ka arambh kiya jata hai. aur bas phurr se reandiyaroan ko udana a jata hai aur ve krisamas laeet ki spid se u date haian, bahut tej. bachche jo unaka intajar kar rahe hote haian. har bachcha, doodh ka gilas aur 3-4 biskut saanta ke lie ghar ke ek kamare mean rakh deta hai. jab bachche gahari niand mean so jate haian aur pariyaan unhean pariyoan ke desh mean le chalati haian, usi samay saanta ji ki reandiyar se udane vali sle har bachche ke ghar pahuanch kar tohapha rakh phir agale bachche ke ghar nikal leti hai.
sant nikolas
thumb|300px|sant nikolas
saanta kl aauz shabd ki utpati dachasiantar se huee thi. saanta kl aauz ki pratha sant nikolas ne chauthi ya paanchavi sadi mean shuroo ki. mana jata hai ki saanta ka ghar uttari dhruv mean hai aur ve u dane vale renadiyars ki ga di par chalate haian. saanta ka yah adhunik roop 19vian sadi se astitv mean aya usake pahale ye aise nahian the. lagabhag dedh hazar sal pahale janme sant nikolas ko asali saanta aur saanta ka janak mana jata hai. halaanki sant nikolas aur jisas ke janm ka sidha sanbandh nahian raha hai phir bhi vartaman samay mean saanta kl aauz krisamas ka aham hissa haian. unake bina krisamas adhoora sa lagata hai. sant nikolas ka janm tisari sadi (300 eesa poorv) mean jisas ki maut ke 280 sal bad turkistan ke mayara namak shahar mean hua. ve ek rees parivar se the. unhoanne bachapan mean hi apane mata-pita ko kho diya. bachapan se hi unaki prabhu yishu mean bahut astha thi. monaistri mean pala-badha nikolas 17 varsh ki ayu mean padari ban ge. ve b de hokar eesaee dharm ke padari (pujari) aur bad mean eshiya mainar ke bishap bane. nikolas bahut hi dayalu aur paropakari the. zarooratamandoan ki madad ke lie hamesha taiyar rahate the. unaka uddeshy tha ki krisamas aur navavarsh ke din garib-amir sabhi prasann rahean. unhean bachchoan aur navikoan se behad pyar tha. unhean garib aur besahara bachchoan ko upahar dena bahut achchha lagata tha. ve aksar zarooratamandoan aur bachchoan ko upahar dete the. sant nikolas ko bachchoan se khas lagav tha ve unhean bahut prem karate the isi vajah se bachchoan ko hamesha upahar diya karate the.
yah bujurg eesa ka ek samarpit anuyaee tha. vah eesa jayanti ke din kisi bhi vyakti ko dhan ki kami ke karan tyohar manane se vanchit nahian dekhana chahata tha. is karan vah lal rang ke vishesh veshabhoosha mean (apana chehara chhupa kar) gariboan ke ghar jakar khanapan ki samagri evan bachchoan ke liye khilaune baanta karata tha. sant nikolas apane upahar adhi rat ko hi dete the kyoanki unhean upahar dete hue nazar ana pasand nahian tha. ve apani pahachan logoan ke samane nahian lana chahate the. isi karan bachchoan ko jaldi sula diya jata. aj bhi kee jagah aisa hi hota hai agar bachche jaldi nahian sote to unake saanta aankal unhean upahar dene nahian ate haian. nikolas dhani nahian tha, at: usake is tyag ko dekh kar log use 'sant nikolas' (seant nikolas) nam se sanbodhit karane lage. usaki mrityu ke bad us tarah ki veshabhoosha mean logoan ko zaroori samagri baantana kee logoan ki adat ban gee. ye sab sant nikolas kahalaye jate the. kalaantar mean seant nikolas nam badal badal kar 'saanta kl aauz' ho gaya. kul mila kar kaha jaye to 'saanta kl aauz' usi bat ko pradarshit karata hai jo eesa ka sandesh tha ki har kisi ko apane p dosi se apane saman prem karana chahiye.
sant nikolas ki dariyadili ki kahani
sant nikolas ki danashilata ke bare mean kee tarah ki kahaniyaan haian. kahate haian, tarah-tarah ki chijoan ko baig mean bhar-bhar kar ve khidakiyoan se bahar pheank dete the, jisaka labh uthate the ve log jo garib v asahay the. sant nikolas ki dariyadili ki ek bahut hi mashahoor kahani hai ki unhoanne ek garib ki madad ki. jisake pas apani tin betiyoan ki shadi ke lie paise nahian the aur majabooran vah unhean mazadoori aur deh vyapar ke daladal mean bhej raha tha. tab nikolas ne chupake se usaki tinoan betiyoan ki sookh rahi juraboan mean sone ke sikkoan ki thailiyaan rakh di aur unhean lachari ki ziandagi se mukti dilaee. in sikkoan se hi un l dakiyoan ki shadi achchhe se ho gee. bas tabhi se krisamas ki rat duniyabhar ke bachche is ummid ke sath apane moje bahar latakate haian ki subah unamean unake lie giphts hoange. bachchoan ka aisa manana hai ki sant nikolas yani saanta kl aauz unhean bahut sare upahar deange. duniyabhar mean isase milati julati paramparaean hai. isi prakar phraans mean chimani par joote latakane ki pratha hai. h aaulaiand mean bachche saanta ke reandiyarars ke lie apane joote mean gajar bhar kar rakhate haian. hangari mean bachche khi daki ke nazadik apane joote rakhane se pahale khoob chamakate haian taki saanta khush hokar unhe upahar de. yani ki upahar baantane vale doot ko khush kar upahar pane ki yah parampara sari duniya mean prachalit hai. isi prachalan se unhean bachchoan ka sant kaha jane laga. saanta kl aauz ki sadbhavana aur dayaluta ke kisse lanbe arase tak katha-kahaniyoan ke roop mean chalate rahe. ek katha ke anusar unhoanne koanstetain pratham ke svapn mean akar tin sainik adhikariyoan ko mrityu dand se bachaya tha. satrahavian sadi tak is dayalu ka nam sant nikolas ke sthan par seanta kl aauz ho gaya. yah naya nam denamark vasiyoan ki den hai.
saanta kl aauz ka nam
thumb|300px|8 u dane vale renadiyar vale slej par baithakar saanta kl aauj saanta ka aj ka jo prachalit nam hai vah nikolas ke dach nam siantar klas se aya hai. jo bad mean saanta kl aauz ban gaya. jisas aur madar mairi ke bad sant nikolas ko hi itana samman mila. sanh 1200 se phraans mean 6 disambar ko nikolas divas ke roop mean manaya jane laga. kyoanki is din sant nikolas ki mrityu huee thi. amerika mean 1773 mean pahali bar saanta seant e kl aauz ke roop mean midiya se roobaroo hue. unaki maut ho jane ke bad logoan ne unhean sant ka darja diya. kaitholik charch ne krisamas ka utsav manane ke dauran sant nikolas ko jivan ke adarsh ke roop mean prastut karana shuroo kar diya. jarmani mean inhean sant nikolas kaha jane laga to h aaulaiand mean sintar klas. 17vian sadi mean isaka ameriki varjan samane aya - saanta klaus. klimeant moor ki nait biphor krisamas mean 1822 eesavi mean chhape saanta ke kartoon ne duniya bhar ke logoan ka dhyan khianch liya. jab th aaumas naist namak p aaulitikal kartoonist ne harpars vikli ke lie ek ilastreshan taiyar kiya, jisamean saphed dadhi vale saanta klaus ko lokapriy shakl mili. dhire-dhire saanta ki shakl ka upayog vibhinn braands ke prachar ke lie kiya jane laga.
adhunik yug ke saanta kl aauz
kris kriangal, fadar krisamas aur sant nikolas ke nam se jana jane vala saanta kl aauz ek rahasyamay aur jadoogar iansan hai, jisake pas achchhe aur sachche bachchoan ke lie dher sare giphts haian. ianglaiand mean ye fadar krisamas ke nam se jane jate haian. ianglaiand ke saanta kl aauz ki saphed dadhi tho di aur lanbi aur kot bhi zyada lanba hota hai. aj ke adhunik yug ke saanta ka astitv 1930 mean aya. haidan sandablom namak ek kalakar koka-kola ki ed mean saanta ke roop mean 35 varshoan (1931 se lekar 1964 tak) tak dikhaee diya. saanta ka yah naya avatar logoan ko bahut pasand aya aur akhirakar ise saanta ka naya roop svikara gaya jo aj tak logoan ke bich kafi mashahoor hai. is prakar dhire-dhire krisamas aur saanta ka sath gaharata chala gaya aur saanta poore vishv mean mashahoor hone ke sath-sath bachchoan ke chahete ban ge. madhyayug mean sant nikolas ka janm divas 6 disambar ko manaya jata tha. ab yah manyata hai ki vah krisamas ki rat ko ate hai aur bachchoan ko tarah-tarah ke upahar vitarit karate haian jisase krisamas ka harshollas bana rahe. is tarah krisamas v bachchoan ke sath sant nikolas ke rishte ju d ge. yahi ameriki bachchoan ke saanta kl aauz ban ge aur vahaan se yah nam sampoorn vishv mean lokapriy ho gaya. krisamas adhunik parivesh mean 19vian sadi ki den hai. krisamas par atishabaji 19vi sadi ke ant mean tom smith dvara shuroo ki gee thi. sanh 1844 mean pratham krisamas kard banaya gaya tha. jisaka prachalan sanh 1868 tak sarvatr ho gaya. saanta kl aauz ya krisamas fadar ka zikr sanh 1868 ki ek patrika mean milata hai. 1821 mean ianglaiand ki maharani ne krisamas tri mean dev pratima rakhane ki parampara ko janm diya tha.
saanta kl aauz ka pata
aj bhi aisa kaha jata hai ki saanta apani vaiph aur bahut sare baunoan ke sath uttari dhruv mean rahate haian. vahaan par ek khilaune ki phaiktri hai jahaan sare khilaune banae jate haian. saanta ke ye baune sal bhar is phaiktri mean krisamas ke khilaune banane ke lie kam karate haian. aj vishvabhar mean saanta ke kee pate haian jahaan bachche apane khat bhejate haian, lekin unake phinalaiand vale pate par sabase zyada khat bheje jate haian. is pate par bheje ge pratyek khat ka logoan ko javab bhi milata hai. ap bhi apane khat saanta ko is pate par bhej sakate haian.
- saanta kl aauz ka pata hai-
saanta kl aauj,
saanta kl aauz vilej,
ephaeeen 96930 arkatik sarkal, phinalaiand
kee sthanoan par saanta kl aauz ke postal v aaulentiyar rahate haian jo saanta kl aauz ke nam ae in khatoan ka javab dete haian. desh-videsh ke kee bachche saanta kl aauz ko khat ki jagah ee-mel bhejate haian. jinaka javab unhean milata hai aur krisamas ke din unaki vish poori ki jati hai.
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