आर्यभट्ट
prachin kal ke jyotirvidoan mean aryabhatt, varahamihir, brahmagupt, aryabhatt dvitiy, bhaskarachary, kamalakar jaise prasiddh vidvanoan ka is kshetr mean amooly yogadan hai. in sabhi mean aryabhatt sarvadhik prakhyat haian. ve gupt kal ke pramukh jyotirvid the. aryabhatt ka janm ee.s. 476 mean kusumapur (patana) mean hua tha. nalanda vishvavidyalay mean unhoanne shiksha prapt ki thi. 23 varsh ki ayu mean aryabhatt ne 'aryabhattiy granth' likha tha. unake is granth ko charoan or se svikriti mili thi, jisase prabhavit hokar raja buddhagupt ne aryabhatt ko nalanda vishvavidyalay ka pramukh bana diya.
aryabhatt ka yogadan
prithvi gol hai aur apani dhuri par ghoomati hai, jisake karan rat aur din hote haian, is siddhaant ko sabhi janate haian, par is vastavikata se bahut log parichit hogean ki 'koparaniks' ke bahut pahale hi aryabhatt ne yah khoj kar li thi ki prithvi gol hai aur usaki paridhi anumanat: 24835 mil hai. rahu namak grah soory aur chandrama ko nigal jata hai, jisase soory aur chandr grahan hote haian, hindoo dharm ki is manyata ko aryabhatt ne galat siddh kiya. chandr grahan mean chandrama aur soory ke bich prithvi ke a jane se aur usaki chhaya chandrama par p dane se 'chandragrahan' hota hai, yah karan unhoanne khoj nikala. aryabhatt ko yah bhi pata tha ki chandrama aur doosare grah svayan prakashaman nahian haian, balki soory ki kiranean usamean pratibianbit hoti haian aur yah bhi ki prithvi tatha any grah soory ke charoan or vrittakar ghoomate haian. unhoanne yah bhi bataya ki 'chandrama' kala hai aur vah soory ke prakash se hi prakashit hota hai. aryabhatt ne yah siddh kiya ki varsh mean 366 din nahian varan 365.2951 din hote haian. aryabhatt ke 'b aaulis siddhaant' (soory chandrama grahan ke siddhaant) 'romak siddhaant' aur soory siddhaant vishesh roop se mahatvapoorn haian. aryabhatt dvara nishchit kiya 'varshaman' 't aaulami' ki tulana mean adhik vaijnanik hai.
ganit mean yogadan
vishv ganit ke itihas mean bhi aryabhatt ka nam suprasiddh hai. khagolashastri hone ke sath sath ganit ke kshetr mean bhi unaka yogadan bahumooly hai. bijaganit mean bhi sabase purana granth aryabhatt ka hai. unhoanne sabase pahale 'paee' (p) ki kimat nishchit ki aur unhoanne hi sabase pahale 'sain' (SINE) ke 'koshtak' die. ganit ke jatil prashnoan ko saralata se hal karane ke lie unhoanne hi samikaranoan ka avishkar kiya, jo poore vishv mean prakhyat hua. ek ke bad gyarah shoony jaisi sankhyaoan ko bolane ke lie unhoanne nee paddhti ka avishkar kiya. bijaganit mean unhoanne kee sanshodhan sanvardhan kie aur ganit jyotish ka 'ary siddhaant' prachalit kiya.
vriddhavastha mean aryabhatt ne 'aryabhatt siddhaant' namak granth ki rachana ki. unake 'dashagiti sootr' granthoan k o pra. karne ne 'aryabhattiy' nam se prakashit kiya. aryabhattiy sanpoorn granth hai. is granth mean rekhaganit, vargamool, ghanamool, jaisi ganit ki kee batoan ke alava khagol shastr ki gananaean aur aantariksh se sanbandhit batoan ka bhi samavesh hai. aj bhi 'hindoo panchaang' taiyar karane mean is granth ki madad li jati hai. aryabhatt ke bad isi nam ka ek any khagolashastri hua jisaka nam 'laghu aryabhatt' tha.
bharat ka pratham upagrah
khagol aur ganitashastr, in donoan kshetr mean unake mahatvapoorn yogadan ke smaranarth bharat ke pratham upagrah ka nam aryabhatt rakha gaya tha.
tathy
- ‘aryabhattiy‘namak granth ki rachana karane vale aryabhatt apane samay ke sabase b de ganitajn the.
- aryabhatt ne dashamalav pranali ka vikas kiya.
- aryabhatt ke prayasoan ke dvara hi khagol vijnan ko ganit se alag kiya ja saka.
- aryabhatt aise pratham nakshatr vaijnanik the, jinhoanne yah bataya ki prithvi apani dhuri par ghoomati huee soory ke chakkar lagati hai. inhone soorygrahan evan chandrgrahan hone vastavik karan par prakash dala.
- aryabhatt ne soory siddhant likha.
- aryabhatt ke siddhant par 'bhaskar pratham' ne tika likhi. bhaskar ke tin any mahattvapoorn granth hai- ‘mahabhaskary‘, ‘laghubhaskary‘ evan ‘bhashy‘.
- brahmagupt ne ‘brahm-siddhant‘ ki rachana kar bataya ki ‘prakriti ke niyam ke anusar samast vastuean prithvi par girati haian, kyoanki prithvi apane svabhav se hi sabhi vastuoan ko apani or akarshit karati hai. yah nyootan ke sidvant ke poorv ki gayi kalpana hai.
- aryabhatt, varahamihir evan brahmagupt ko sansar ke sarvapratham nakshatr-vaijnanik aur ganitajn kaha gaya hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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