राष्ट्रीय चिह्न और प्रतीक
is lekh mean apako bharat ki rashhtriy pahachan ke pratikoan ka parichay diya gaya hai. yah pratik bharatiy pahachan aur virasat ka moolabhoot hishsa haian. vishhv bhar mean base vividh prishhthabhoomiyoan ke bharatiy in rashhtriy pratikoan par garv karate haian khyoanki ve prathyek bharatiy ke hriday mean gaurav aur desh bhakti ki bhavana ka sanchar karate haian.
rashhtriy dhhvaj
tiranga|80px|link=tiranga|right
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
hamara rashtriy dhvaj tin rangoan se bana hai isalie ham ise tiranga bhi kahate haian. isamean sabase oopar gahara kesariya, bich mean safed aur sabase niche gahara hara rang barabar anupat mean hai. dhhvaj ko sadharan bhasha mean 'jhanda' bhi kaha jata hai. jhande ki chau daee aur lamhbaee ka anupat 2:3 hai. safed patti ke keandr mean gahara nile rang ka chakr hai, jisaka praroop ashok ki rajadhani saranath mean sthapit sianh ke shirshaphalak ke chakr mean dikhane vale chakr ki bhaanti hai. chakr ki paridhi lagabhag safed patti ki chau daee ke barabar hai. chakr mean 24 tiliyaan haian. rashhtriy dhhvaj ka dijain 22 julaee, 1947 ko bharat ke sanvidhan dvara apanaya gaya tha.
rashhtriy pakshi
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
mor ke adbhut sauandary ke karan hi bharat sarakar ne 26 janavari, 1963 ko ise rashtriy pakshi ghoshit kiya. bharatiy janamanas ke man mean basa aur asthaoan se racha basa pakshi mor, pavoan krishtatus, bharat ka rashhtriy pakshi hai. isaki do prajatiyaan haian-
- nila ya bharatiy mor (paivo kristetas), jo bharat aur shrilanka (bhootapoorv silon) mean paya jata hai.
- hara ya java ka mor (pi. myootikas), jo myaanmar (bhootapoorv barma) se java tak paya jata hai.
rashhtriy pushhp
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
bharat ka rashtriy pushp kamal (nelanbo nyoosipera gartan) hai. yah ek pavitr pushp hai tatha prachin bharatiy kal aur puranoan mean isaka mahattvapoorn sthan hai. prachinakal se hi ise bharatiy sanskriti mean shubh pratik mana jata hai.
rashhtriy pe d
baragad|80px|link=baragad|right
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
bharat ka rashhtriy vriksh baragad (phaikas beanghaleansis) hai. baragad ka vriksh ghana evan phaila hua hota hai. isaki shakhaean door-door tak phaili tatha j dean gahari hoti haian. itani gahari j dean kisi aur vriksh ki nahian hotian.
rashhtriy gan
150px|jan gan man ka vadan hetu nad-svar lipi|link=rashhtragan|right
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
shvargiy kavi ravindranath taigor dvara sankshipt "jan gan man" ke nam se prakhhyat shabdoan aur sangit ki rachana, bharat ka rashhtragan hai. aisi stuti ya gan, jo rashtraprem ki bhavana abhivyakt karata ho tatha shasakiy roop se adhikarik rashtragan ke roop mean svikrit ho ya janasadharan mean lokapriy ho. sabase purana rashtragan gret briten ka ‘g aaud sev d kvin’ hai, jise 1825 mean rashtragan ke roop mean varnit kiya gaya tha, halaanki 18vian sadi ke madhy se hi yah deshaprem ke git ke roop mean lokapriy raha tatha rajasi samarohoan mean gaya jata tha. 19vian tatha 20vian sadi ke aranbh mean adhikaansh yooropiy deshoan ne briten ka anusaran kiya, kuchh rashtragan khas uddeshy se likhe ge, jabaki any ko pahale se maujood dhunoan se apanaya gaya. ise is prakar padha jata hai.
jan-gan-man adhinayak, jay he
bharat-bhaghy-vidhata,
panjab-siandhu gujarat-maratha,
dravi d-uthkal bang,
vinhdhhy-himachal-yamuna ganga,
uchhchhal-jaladhi-tarang,
tav shubh name jage,
tav shubh ashish maange,
gahe tav jay gatha,
jan-gan-mangal dayak jay he
bharat-bhaghy-vidhata
jay he, jay he, jay he
jay jay jay jay he.
rashhtriy nadi
right|80px|ganga nadi, varanasi|link=ganga nadi
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
bharat ki sabase mahattvapoorn nadi ganga, rashhtriy nadi hai, jo bharat aur baangladesh mean milakar 2,510 kimi ki doori tay karati huee uttaraanchal mean himalay se lekar bangal ki kha di ke suandaravan tak vishal bhoo-bhag ko sianchati hai. ganga, desh ki prakritik sanpada hi nahian, jan jan ki bhavanatmak astha ka adhar bhi hai.
rashhtriy jaliy jiv
ganga d aaulfin|80px|link=ganga d aaulfin|right
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
"ganga d aaulfin" (Platanista gangetica) bharat ki rashhtriy jaliy jiv hai. d aaulfin ki do prajatiyaan haian. ye bharat, baangladesh, nepal tatha pakistan mean paee jati haian. ganga d aaulfin sabhi deshoan ke nadiyoan ke jal, mukhyatah ganga nadi mean tatha siandhu nadi d aaulfin, pakistan ke siandhu nadi ke jal mean paee jati hai.
rajakiy pratik
ashok chihn|80px|link=ashok chihn|right
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
bharat ka rashhtrachihn saranath sthit ashok ke sianh stanbh ki anukriti hai, jo saranath ke sangrahalay mean surakshit hai. mool stanbh mean shirsh par char sianh haian, jo ek-doosare ki or pith kie hue haian.
rashhtriy panchaang
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
shak sanvat ya rashtriy shake bharat ka rashtriy panchaang hai. yah 78 varsh eesa poorv prarambh hua tha. chaitr 1, 1879 shak sanvat (22 march 1957) ko ise adhikarik roop se vidhivat apanaya gaya. 500 ee. ke uparant sanskrit mean likhit sabhi jyotishashastriy granth shak sanvat ka prayog karane lage. is sanvat ka yah nam kyoan p da, is vishay mean vibhinn ek mat haian. ise kushan raja kanishk ne chalaya ya kisi any ne, is vishay mean antim roop se kuchh nahian kaha ja saka hai. yah ek katin samasya hai jo bharatiy itihas aur kal nirnay ki atyant kathin samasyaoan mean mani jati hai.
rashhtriy pashu
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
rashtriy pashu 'bagh' (paianthara taigris-linnayas), pile rangoan aur dharidar lomacharm vala ek pashu hai. rajasi bagh, teandua, taigris dharidar janavar hai. apani shalinata, dridhata, phurti aur apar shakti ke lie bagh ko 'rashtriy pashu' kahalane ka gaurav prapt hai. isaki ath prajatiyoan mean se bharat mean paee jane vali prajati ko ‘r aauyal bangal taigar’ ke nam se jana jata hai. uttar-pashchim bharat ko chho dakar baki sare deshoan mean yah prajati payi jati hai. bharat ke atirikt yah nepal, bhootan aur bangaladesh jaise p dosi deshoan mean bhi paya jata hai.
rashhtriy git
right|200px|vande mataramh|link=rashhtriy git
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
bankimachandr chatarji ne vande mataramh git ki sanskrit mean rachana ki hai. shri aravindi ne is git ka aangrezi mean aur arif mauhammad khan ne isaka urdoo mean anuvad kiya hai. isaka shthan jan gan man ke barabar hai. yah shvatantrata ki l daee mean logoan ke lie prarena ka srot tha. vah pahala rajanitik avasar, jab yah git gaya gaya tha, 1896 mean bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ka adhiveshan tha. isaka pratham pad is prakar hai-
vande mataramh, vande mataramh!
sujalamh, suphalamh, malayaj shitalamh,
shasyashyamalamh, mataramh! vande mataramh!
shubhrajyotsanamh pulakitayaminimh,
phullakusumit drumadal shobhinimh,
suhasinimh sumadhur bhashinimh,
sukhadamh varadamh, mataramh!
vande mataramh, vande mataramh॥
rashhtriy phal
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
am (menigiphera iandika) bharat ka rashtriy phal hai. kajoo parivar (enakardiesi) ka sadasy, vishv ke ushnakatibandhiy kshetr ka ek mahattvapoorn phal hai. ooshnakatibandhiy deshoan mean am b de paimane par paida hote haian. am ko poorvi eshiya, myaanmar (bhootapoorv barma) aur bharat ke asam rajy ka sthaniy phal mana jata hai. am ek goode dar phal hai, jise pakakar khaya jata hai ya kachhcha hone par ise achar adi mean ishtemal kiya jata hai.
rashhtriy khel
h aauki|80px|right|link=h aauki
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
bharat ka rashtriy khel h aauki hai. h aauki ka prarambh varsh 2010 se 4,000 varsh poorv eeran mean hua tha. isake bad bahut se deshoan mean isaka agaman hua par uchit sthan n mil saka. ant mean ise bharat mean vishesh samman mila aur yah rashtriy khel bana. hamare desh mean isaka arambh 100 varshoan se pahale hua tha. 11 khila diyoan ke do virodhi daloan ke bich maidan mean khele jane vale is khel mean pratyek khila di marak biandu par mu di huee ek chh di (stik) ka istemal ek chhoti v kathor geand ko virodhi dal ke gol mean marane ke lie karata hai. barf mean khele jane vale isi tarah ke ek khel 'aees h aauki' se bhinnata darshane ke lie ise maidani h aauki kahate haian.
rashtriy mudra
right|80px|bharatiy rupe ka pratik chihn|link=bharatiy rupaya
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
bharatiy rupe ka pratik chihn aantararashtriy star par adan-pradan tatha arthik sanbalata ko parilakshit kar raha hai. rupe ka chihn bharat ke lokachar ka bhi ek roopak hai. rupe ka yah naya pratik devanagari lipi ke 'r' aur roman lipi ke akshar 'ar' ko mila kar bana hai, jisamean ek kshaitij rekha bhi bani huee hai. yah rekha hamare rashtradhvaj tatha barabar ke chihn ko pratibianbit karati hai. bharat sarakar ne 15 julaee, 2010 ko is chihn ko svikar kar liya hai.
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bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh