सकल घरेलू उत्पाद
thumb|250px|sakal ghareloo utpad sakal ghareloo utpad sankshipt- 'jidipi' (aangrezi: Gross Domestic Product) kisi desh ki sima mean ek nirdharit samay ke bhitar taiyar sabhi vastuoan aur sevaoan ke kul maudrik ya bajar mooly ko kahate haian. yah kisi desh ke ghareloo utpadan ka vyapak mapan hota hai aur isase kisi desh ki arthavyavastha ki sehat pata chalati hai. isaki ganana amataur par salana hoti hai, lekin bharat mean ise har tin mahine yani timahi bhi aanka jata hai. kuchh sal pahale isamean shiksha, svasthy, baiankiang aur kanpyootar jaisi alag-alag sevaoan yani sarvis sektar ko bhi jo d diya gaya.
sakal ghareloo utpad kya hai?
sakal ghareloo utpad (jidipi) ek vishisht samay avadhi mean desh ki simaoan ke bhitar utpadit sabhi taiyar vastuoan aur sevaoan ka maudrik mooly hai. kisi desh ko mapane ka sabase achchha tarika sakal ghareloo utpad hai. jidipi desh mean sabhi logoan aur kanpaniyoan dvara utpadit har chij ka kul mooly hai. sakal ghareloo utpad mean sabhi niji aur sarvajanik khapat, nivesh, sarakari parivyay, niji mal, bhugatan ki gee nirman lagat aur videshi shamil haian. sidhe shabdoan mean kahean, jidipi kisi desh ki samagr arthik gatividhi ka ek vyapak map hai. sakal rashtriy utpad (jienapi) ke sath sakal ghareloo utpad ki tulana ki ja sakati hai, jo videshoan mean rahane vale logoan sahit arthavyavastha ke nagarikoan ke samagr utpadan ko mapata hai, jabaki videshiyoan dvara ghareloo utpadan ko bahar rakha gaya hai. halaanki jidipi ki ganana amataur par varshik adhar par ki jati hai. isaki ganana timahi adhar par bhi ki ja sakati hai.[1]
prakar
kisi desh ke sakal ghareloo utpad ko mapane ke kee alag-alag tarike haian. sabhi vibhinn prakaroan aur unaka upayog kaise kiya jata hai, yah janana mahatvapoorn hai.
namamatr jidipi
namamatr jidipi kachcha map hai jisamean mooly vriddhi shamil hai. arthik vishleshan byooro traimasik jidipi ko mapata hai. yah har mahine timahi anuman ko sanshodhit karata hai kyoanki ise adyatan deta prapt hota hai.
vastavik sakal ghareloo utpad
ek varsh se doosare varsh mean arthik utpadan ki tulana karane ke lie, apako prabhavoan ko dhyan mean rakhana hoga. aisa karane ke lie, bieee vastavik jidipi ki ganana karata hai. yah prais diphletar ka upayog karake aisa karata hai. yah batata hai ki bad se kimatoan mean kitana badalav aya hai. bieee diphletar ko n aauminal jidipi se guna karata hai. namamatr jidipi ke viparit, vastavik sakal ghareloo utpad ko mapate samay mudrasphiti mean samayojan ko dhyan mean rakha jata hai. bharat ka vastavik sakal ghareloo utpad 2020-2021 mean lagabhag 134.40 lakh karo d hone ka anuman hai. amataur par arthashastri desh ke vikas ko nirdharit karane ke lie desh ki vastavik jidipi ka ullekh karate haian.
vastavik aur sanbhavit jidipi
vastavik jidipi kisi desh ki vartaman vriddhi ki ganana ko sandarbhit karata hai. doosari or, sanbhavit jidipi ka upayog kam mudrasphiti, sthir mudra aur poorn rojagar ke tahat arthavyavastha ki sthiti ki ganana ke lie kiya jata hai.[1]
sakal rashtriy utpad (jienapi) kya hai?
jienapi ki ganana kisi vishesh desh ke nagarik dvara pradan ki jane vali vastuoan aur sevaoan ke kul mooly ko jo dakar ki jati hai. sootr ka upayog amataur par videshoan mean aur desh ke bhitar sthit kanpaniyoan dvara utpadit autaput ki ganana ke lie bhi kiya jata hai. jienapi ka mukhy uddeshy yah pata lagana hai ki desh ke nagarik isamean kaise yogadan karate haian. isamean videshi nivasiyoan dvara utpadit utpadoan aur sevaoan ko shamil nahian kiya gaya hai.
jidipi ganana hetu sootr
jidipi ki ganana desh ke nivesh, shuddh niryat, sarakari kharch aur khapat ko jo dakar ki jati hai.
sakal ghareloo utpad = khapat + nivesh, sarakari kharch + shuddh niryat
prati vyakti sakal ghareloo utpad
jaisa ki nam se pata chalata hai, prati vyakti sakal ghareloo utpad ki ganana desh ke sakal ghareloo utpad ko usaki kul janasankhya se vibhajit karake ki jati hai. prati vyakti sakal ghareloo utpad ka pramukh upayog desh ki samriddhi ka vishleshan karane ke lie hai. kee arthashastri desh ke arthik vikas ka moolyaankan karake desh ke dhan aur samriddhi ki pahachan karane ke lie is upay ka upayog karate haian.
vikas dar
jidipi ki vriddhi dar ek samany upakaran hai jisaka upayog kisi die ge varsh ke lie arthavyavastha ke pradarshan ka vishleshan karane ke lie kiya jata hai. nakaratmak sakal ghareloo utpad ki vriddhi dar ka tatpary hai mandi arthavyavastha mean, jabaki bahut adhik vikas dar mudrasphiti ka sanket de sakati hai. arthavyavastha ke vartaman pradarshan ko nirdharit karane ke lie arthashastri jidipi vikas dar ka upayog karate haian.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 sakal ghareloo utpad (hiandi) fincash.com. abhigaman tithi: 13 march, 2022.