अथीना
athina athava 'athana', 'athene' ya 'athena', yah attika pradesh evan biyotiya pradesh mean sthit etheans namak nagaroan ki adhishthatri devi mani jati hai. isaka nam 'pallas athine' aur 'athina parthen aaus' (kumari) bhi hai. athina ko adhunik alochak prakh-helenik devi manate haian, jisaka sanbandh krit aur mikini ki purani sabhyata se tha. etheans mean usaka mandir akropaulis mean tha. grik log usako anek kala-kaushal ki bhi adhishthatri devi manate the. any sthanoan par bhi unake mandir aur moortiyaan thian. yadyapi athina ko 'yuddh ki devi' mana jata hai.
parichay
athina ki mata metis[1] jyoos ki pratham patni thi. metis ke garbhavati hone par jyoos ko yah bhay hua ki metis ka putr mujhase adhik balavan hoga aur mujhe mere pad se chyut kar dega. at: vah apani garbhavati patni ko nigal gaya. isake uparaant promethiyas ne kulha di se usaki khop di ko chir dala aur usamean se athina poornataya shastroan aur kavach se susajjit supusht aangoan sahit nikal p di. athina aur poseid aaun mean attika pradesh ki satta prapt karane ke lie dvandv chhi d gaya. devataoan ne yah nirnay kiya ki un donoan mean se janata ke lie jo bhi adhik upayogi vastu pradan karega, usako hi is pradesh ki satta milegi. poseid aaun ne apane trishool se prithvi par prahar kiya aur prithvi se gho de ki utpatti huee. doosare logoan ka yah kahana hai ki bhoovivar se khare jal ka srot phoot nikala. athina ne jaitoon ke pe d ko utpann kiya, jisako devataoan ne adhik moolyavan aanka. tabhi se etheans mean athina ki pooja chal p di. isaka nam pallas athine aur athina parthen aaus (kumari) bhi hai. ek bar hiphaestas ne isake sath balatkar karana chaha, par usako nirash hona p da. usake skhalit hue viry se eraikthiyas ka janm hua aur usako athina ne pala.[2]
sumati aur sadbuddhi ki devi
athina ko adhunik alochak prakh-helenik devi manate haian, jisaka sanbandh krit aur mikini ki purani sabhyata se tha. etheans mean usaka mandir akropaulis mean tha. any sthanoan par bhi unake mandir aur moortiyaan thian. yadyapi athina ko yuddh ki devi mana jata hai evan usake shirastran, kavach, dhal aur bhale ityadi ko bhi dekhakar yahi dharana pusht hoti hai, tathapi vah yuddh mean bhi kroorata nahian pradarshit karati. isake atirikt vah sumati aur sadbuddhi ki bhi devi hai. grik log usako anek kala-kaushal ki bhi adhishthatri manate the.
'panathenaiyaan' utsav
athina ke sanbandh mean anek utsav bhi manae jate the. inamean se 'panathenaiyaan' sabase mahanh utsav hota tha, jo devi ka janm mahotsav tha. yah julaee-agast mas mean hua karata tha. pratyek chauthe varsh yah utsav atyadhik thath-bat ke sath manaya jata tha. athina svayan kumari thi aur usaki pooja tatha utsavoan mean kumariyoan ka mahatvapoorn bhag rahata tha. usake vastr bhi kumariyaan hi buna karati thian.[2]
moortikala
ee. poo. 438 mean etheans ke shreshth moortikar phidiyas ne athina ki ek vishal kori moorti banayi thi. yah moorti svarn aur hathi daant ki thi aur 40 phut ooanchi thi. yah yoonani moortikala ka sarvotkrisht nidarshak thi. isi moortikar ne athina ki ek kaansy moorti bhi banaee thi, jo 30 phut ooanchi thi.[2]
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