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bharat vishay soochi

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bharatiy sashastr sena
bharatiy sena ka dhvaj|200px|center
vivaran	thal sena, nausena, tatarakshak aur vayu sena sahit bharat ki sanyukt sashastr sena, jo vishv ki vishalatam senaoan mean se ek hai.
sthapana	15 agast, 1947
prakar	sena
akar	1,129,900 sakriy karmi 960,000 rizarv karmi
bhag	raksha mantralay aur bharatiy sashastr bal
mukhyalay	nee dilli, bharat
uddeshy	bharat ki raksha niti ka pramukh uddeshy yah hai ki bharatiy upamahadvip mean use badhava diya jae evan sthayitv pradan kiya jae tatha desh ki raksha senaoan ko paryapt roop se susajjit kiya jae, taki ve kisi bhi akraman se desh ki raksha kar sakean.
rang	sunahara, lal aur kala
thal senadhyaksh	janaral bikram sianh
virata puraskar	paramavir chakr, kirti chakr, shaury chakr, mahavir chakr, ashok chakr, vir chakr
sanbandhit lekh	saim manekash aau, ke. em. kariappa
bahari k diyaan	adhikarik vebasait

bharat ki sanyukt sashastr sena thal sena, nausena, tatarakshak aur vayu sena sahit hai jo vishv ki vishalatam senaoan mean se ek hai. bharat ki raksha niti ka pramukh uddeshy yah hai ki bharatiy upamahadvip mean use badhava diya jae evan sthayitv pradan kiya jae tatha desh ki raksha senaoan ko paryapt roop se susajjit kiya jae, taki ve kisi bhi akraman se desh ki raksha kar sakean. [[chitr:Indian-Army-2.jpg|thumb|left|bharatiy thalasena]] [[chitr:Indian-Army.jpg|thumb|left|250px|bharatiy vayu sena]] [[chitr:Indian-Navy.jpg|thumb|250px|left|bharatiy nausena]] varsh 1946 ke poorv bharatiy raksha ka poora niyantran aangrezoan ke hathoan mean tha. usi varsh keandr mean aantarim sarakar mean pahali bar ek bharatiy, baladev sianh, desh ke raksha mantri bane, halaanki kamaandar-in-chiph ek aangrez hi raha. 1947 mean desh ka vibhajan hone par bharat ko 45 rejimeant milian, jinamean 2.5 lakh sainik the. shesh rejimeant pakistan chali gayian. gorakha fauz ki 6 rejimeant (lagabhag 25,000 sainik) bhi bharat ko milian. shesh gorakha sainik british sena mean sammilit ho gaye. british sena ki aantim tuk di samarasait lait inphaiantri ki pahali bataliyan ho gayi, aur bharatiy bhoomi se 28 faravari, 1948 ko svadesh ravana huee. kuchh aangrez afasar paramarshak ke roop mean kuchh samay tak bharat mean rahe lekin svatantrata ke pahale kshan se hi bharatiy sena poornat: bharatiyoan ke hathoan mean a gayi thi. svatantrata ke turant pashchath bharat sarakar ne bharatiy sena ke dhaanche mean katipay parivartan kiye. thal sena, vayu sena evan nausena apane-apane mukhy senadhyakshoan ke adhin ayi. bharatiy riyasatoan ki sena ko bhi desh ki sainy vyavastha mean shamil kar liya gaya. 26 janavari, 1950 ko desh ke ganatantr banane par bharatiy senaoan ki sanrachanaoan mean avashyak parivartan kiye gaye. bharat ki raksha senaoan ka sarvochch kamaandar bharat ka rashtrapati hai, kintu desh raksha vyavastha ki zimmedari mantrimandal ki hai. raksha se sanbandhit sabhi mahattvapoorn mamaloan ka faisala rajanitik karyoan se sanbandhi mantrimandal samiti karati hai, jisaka adhyaksh pradhanamantri hota hai. raksha mantri sevaoan se sanbandhit sabhi vishayoan ke bare mean sansad ke samaksh uttaradayi hai.

parampara v itihas

sena ki lanbi parampara v itihas hai. aranbh mean yah keval thalasena hi thi. kaha jata hai ki bharat mean senaoan ka niyojan chauthi shatabdi ee.poo. se hi prachalan mean tha. mukhy sanghatan paidal sena, rath aur hathi the. yadyapi bharat ka ek lanba nau-itihas hai, lekin bharatiy jalakshetr mean purtagaliyoan ke agaman ke bad hi nausena vikasit huee. vayusena ka gathan pratham vishv yuddh ke dauran aur 1913 mean uttar pradesh mean ek sainik uddayan skool ki sthapana ke sath hua. bharatiy sena ka sarvochch niyantran bharat ke rashtrapati ke pas hai. raksha mantralay desh ki raksha se sanbandhit sabhi mamaloan mean nitiyaan banane v unhean lagoo karane ke lie uttaradayi hai. mantralay ka prathamik kary sashastr senaoan ka prashasan hai. yahaan sanghiy (keandriy) mantrimandal rashtr ki raksha ke lie sanyukt roop se uttaradayi hai, vahian raksha mantri mantrimandal ki or se uttaradayitvoan ka nirvahan karata hai. pratyek sena ka apana sena pramukh hota hai aur tinoan pramukh raksha ki vistrit yojana banane, taiyari karane aur kramashah apani sena ke sanchalan v prashasan ke lie uttaradayi hote haian. nagarik svechchha se senaoan mean shamil hote haian aur suprashikshit, daksh peshevar afasaroan ke dal dvara inaka netritv kiya jata hai. bharatiy sashastr senaoan mean ghareloo rajaniti se door rahane ki paranpara rahi hai aur ye vishv bhar mean shaanti sena ke roop mean bhi asadharan rahi haian.

bharat ke prakshepastr

kram	prakshepastr	prakar	marak kshamata	ayudh vajan kshamata	pratham parikshan	lagat	vikas sthiti
1	agni-1	satah se satah par marak (iantaramidiet bailistik prakshepastr)	1200 se 1500 kilomitar	1000 kilogram	22 mee, 1989	8 karo d roo.	vikasit evan tainat
2	agni-2	satah se satah par marak (iantaramidiet bailistik prakshepastr)	1500 se 2000 kilomitar	1000 kilogram (paramparagat evan paramanvik)	11 aprॅl, 1999	8 karo d roo.	vikasit evan pradarshit
3	agni-3	iantaramidiet bailistik prakshepastr	3000 kilomitar	1500 kilogram	9 julaee, 2006 (asaphal), 12 aprॅl, 2007 (pratham saphal parikshan)		nirmanadhin
4	prithvi	satah se satah par marak alp doori ke taiktikal baital phild prakshepastr	150 se 250 kilomitar	500 kilogram	25 faravari, 1989	3 karo d roo.	vikasit evan tainat
5	trishool	satah se vayu mean marak lo level klin riekshan alp doori ke prakshepastr	500 mitar se 9 kilomitar	15 kilogram	5 joon, 1989	45 lakh roo.	vikasit evan tainat
6	nag	satah se satah par marak taiank bhedi prakshepastr	4 kilomitar	10 kilogram	29 navambar, 1991	25 lakh roo.	vikasit evan tainat
7	akash	satah se vayu mean marak bahulakshak prakshepastr	25 se 30 kilomitar	55 kilogram	15 agast, 1990	1 karo d roo.	vikasit evan tainat
8	astr	vayu se vayu mean marak prakshepastr	25 se 40 kilomitar	300 kilogram	9 mee, 2003		nirmanadhin
9	brahmos	potabhedi supar sonik krooz prakshepastr	290 kilomitar		12 joon, 2001		vikasit evan tainat
10	shaury	satah se satah par marak bailistik prakshepastr	600 kilomitar		12 navambar, 2008		vikasashil evan parikshanadhin

bharat mean prakshepastr karyakram

tinoan senaoan ke samakaksh rajadisht pad (kamishand raiank)

thal sena	nau sena	vayu sena
phild marshal	edamiral aauf phlit	marshal aauf di eyar phors
janaral	edamiral	eyar chif marshal
lephtineant janaral	vais edamiral	eyar marshal
mejar janaral	riyar edamiral	eyar vais marshal
brigediyar	komodor	eyar komodor
karnal	kaiptan	grup kaiptan
lephtineant karnal	kamaandar	viang kamaandar
mejar	lephtineant kamaandar	skvadran lidar
kaiptan	lephtineant	phlaid lephtineant
lephtineant	sab-lephtineant	phlaiang aauphisar

bharat mean prakshepastr karyakram ka vikas is prakar hua-

• 1967 mean bharat ne aantariksh shodh aur upagrah prakshepastr karyakram prarambh kiya aur varsh 1972 tak r aauket rohini-560 ka parikshan kar liya gaya. rohini-560 ki marak kshamata lagabhag 100 kilobhar ke sath 334 kilomitar door tak thi.
• 1979 mean bharat ne pahali bar upagrah prakshepan yan 'eselavi-3' aantariksh boostar ka prakshepan kiya.
• 1980 mean 35 kilobhar vale rohini-1 upagrah ka saphal prakshepan kiya gaya.
• 1983 mean bharat ke 'raksha anusandhan aur vikas sansthan' (di ar di o) ne ekikrit prakshepastr vikas karyakram ki ghoshana ki jisamean paanch prakshepastr vikasit kie jane the-

1. prithvi jo satah se satah par mar karane vala prakshepastr hai.
   1. prithvi-1 jisaki marak kshamata dedh sau kilomitar aur kshamata ek hazar kilogram hai. yah sena ke lie hai.
   2. prithvi-2 jisaki marak kshamata dhaee sau kilomitar aur kshamata paanch sau kilogram hai. yah vayu sena ke lie hai.
   3. prithvi-3 jisaki marak kshamata sadhe tin sau kilomitar aur kshamata paanch sau kilogram hai. yah nausena ke lie hai.
2. agni jo satah se satah par mar karane vala prakshepastr hai aur jisaki kshamata dedh hazar kilomitar hai. yah ek hazar kilogram bhar vala astr le ja sakata hai. is prakshepastr ka pahala charan eselavi-3 ke thos eeandhan vale motar ka aur doosara charan taral eeandhan vale prithvi ka prayog karata hai.
3. akash jo satah se satah par mar karane vala lanbi doori ka prakshepastr hai. yah 55 kilogram vajan ka astr le ja sakata hai aur adhikatam 25 kilomitar ki doori tak yah ek sath paanch vimanoan ko nishana bana sakata hai.
4. trishool jo satah se satah par ya satah se hava mean mar karane vala kam doori ka prakshepastr hai. isaki marak doori 50 kilomitar hai aur yah radar ke nirdeshoan se kary karata hai.
5. nag jo taiank rodhi prakshepastr hai. yah lagabhag char kilomitar ki kshamata vala prakshepastr hai aur nirdeshoan ke lie sanvedi praudyogiki par bana hai.

• 1987 mean bharat ne adhunik upagrah prakshepan yan (e es el vi) ka parikshan prarambh kiya. char hazar kilomitar ki kshamata vale is prakshepan ki kshamata dedh sau kilogram hai. isamean tin upagrah prakshepan yan rahate haian.
• 1988 mean bharat ne 'prithvi' ki parikshan u dan ka parikshan kiya. bharat ne dhruviy upagrah prakshepan yan (pi es el vi) ke nirman ki ghoshana ki jisaki kshamata lagabhag ath hazar kilomitar thi. ek hazar kilo vajan ki kshamata ke is yan se ek tan ka upagrah dhruviy kaksha mean sthapit kiya sakata tha. yadi is yan ko hathiyar pranali ki bhaanti kiya jae to yah paramanu astr ko ek mahadvip se doosare mahadvip tak le jane mean saksham hai.

[[chitr:Fighter-Aircrafts.jpg|thumb|250px|bharatiy vayu sena ke l dakoo viman]]

• 1989 mean bharat ne agni ka parikshan kiya aur navanbar mean nag ka parikshan kiya.
• 1994 ke madhy tak prithvi-1 ka prarambhik utpadan prarambh ho gaya tha. bharatiy sena ne 100 prithvi-1 prakshepastr lene ka adesh diya jise usaki 333 prakshepastr grup ke sath tainat kiya jana tha.
• 1996 mean bharat ne kaha ki vah 'bhoo-samakalik upagrah prakshepan yan' vikasit kar raha hai. bharat ki yojana janavari mah mean roos ko ji es el vi ke lie sat krayojenik ianjan dene ki yojana thi.
• 1998 mean bharat mean 'bharatiy janata parti' ne 'prithvi prakshepastroan' ka utpadan adhik karane ki yojana ke sath hi madhyam doori ke 'agni prakshepastr' vikasit karane ka bhi faisala liya.
• kliantan prashasan ke varishth adhikari ne amerika mean kaha ki bharat ke pas 'sagarika' nam ka samudr se ju da prakshepastr hai. sagarika ki kshamata 200 mil ki hai aur vah paramanu astr le jane mean saksham hai.
• 11 mee bharat ne trishool ka saphal parikshan kiya hai. yah satah se satah aur satah se hava mean marane vala prakshepastr hai.

raksha mantralay

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raksha mantralay ka pramukh raksha mantri hai aur sabase b da vittiy adhikari raksha mantralay ka vittiy salahakar hota hai. raksha mantralay mean char vibhag hai-

1. raksha vibhag
2. raksha utpadan vibhag
3. raksha apoorti vibhag
4. raksha vijnan evan anusandhan vibhag.

150px|bharatiy nausena ka pratik

150px|bharatiy vayusena ka pratik

150px|bharatiy thalasena ka dhvaj

raksha mantralay desh ki raksha karane aur sashastr senaoan - sthal sena, nau sena aur vayu sena ke saj-saman jutane aur unaka prashasan chalane ke lie uttaradayi hai. raksha mantralay bharat ki raksha sashastr senaoan arthath thal sena, nau sena aur vayu sena ke gathan aur unake prashasan, sashastr senaoan ke lie astr-shastr, gola-barood, pot, viman, vahan, upakaran aur saj-saman ki vyavastha karane, abhi tak ayat hone vali madoan ko desh ke bhitar nirmit karane ki kshamata sthapit karane aur raksha ke kshetr mean anusandhan evan vikas ko badhava dene ke lie sidhe uttaradayi hai. is mantralay ki kuchh any zimmedariyaan haian- mantralay se sanbaddh asainik sevaoan par niyantran, kaintonameant banana, unake kshetr ka nirdharan karana aur raksha seva karmachariyoan ke lie aanvas suvidhaoan ka vinimayan karana. bharat ki sashastr senaoan mean tin mukhy sevayean haian- thal-sena, nausena aur vayu sena. ye tinoan sevayean ek senadhyaksh arthath kramash: sthal senadhyaksh, nau senadhyaksh aur vayu senadhyaksh ke adhin haian. ye tinoan senadhyaksh janaral ya isake barabar pad vale hote haian. in tinoan senadhyakshoan ki ek senadhyaksh samiti hai. is samiti ki adhyakshata yahi tinoan senadhyaksh apani varishthata ke adhar par karate haian. is samiti ki sahayata ke lie up-samitiyaan hoti haian jo vishesh samasyaoan jaise ayojan, prashikshan, sanchar adi ka kam dekhati haian.

aj bharat ki thal sena vishv ki sabase b di sthal senaoan mean chauthe sthan par, vayu sena paanchavean sthan par aur nau sena satavean sthan par mani jati hai. sena ke pramukh sahayak sangathan haian-

1. pradeshik sena
2. tat rakshak
3. sahayak vayu sena
4. en. si. si.

jisamean sthal sena, nau sena aur vayu sena tinoan parshv hote haian.

bharatiy thal sena

thumb|left|sima suraksha bal ka pratik

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sena ko adhikatar thal sena hi samajha jata hai, yah thik bhi hai kyoanki raksha-pakti mean thal sena ka hi pratham tatha pradhan sthan hai. is samay lagabhag 13 lakh sainik-asainik thal sena mean bhinn-bhinn padoan par karyarat haian, jabaki 1948 mean sena mean lagabhag 2,00,000 sainik the. thal sena ka mukhyalay nee dilli mean hai. bharatiy thal sena ke prashasanik evan samarik kary sanchalan ka niyantran thal senadhyaksh karata hai.

thal senadhyaksh ki sahayata ke lie thalasena ke vais chiph, tatha chiph staph afasar hote haian. inamean dipti chiph aauf armi staph, edajuteant-janaral, kvartar mastar-janaral, mastar-janaral aauf ardanens aur sena sachiv tatha ianjiniyar-in-chiph sammilit haian. thal sena 6 kamanoan mean sangathit hai-

1. pashchimi kaman (mukhyalay: shimala)
2. poorvi kaman (kolakata)
3. uttari kaman (oodhamapur)
4. dakshini kaman (pune)
5. madhy kaman (lakhanoo)
6. dakshini-pashchimi kaman (jayapur)

dakshin-pashchim kaman ka gathan 15 aprail, 2005 ko kiya gaya. isaka mukhyalay jayapur mean sthapit kiya gaya hai. yah thal sena ki sabase b di kaman hai.

bharatiy nau sena

[[chitr:Indian-Navy-2.jpg|thumb|300px|bharatiy nausena]]

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adhunik bharatiy nau sena ki nianv 17vian shatabh‍di mean rakhi gee thi, jab eest iandiya kanpani ne ek samudri sena ke roop mean eest indiya kampani ki sh‍thapana ki aur is prakar 1934 mean r aauyal iandiyan nevi ki sh‍thapana huee. bharatiy nau sena ka mukhh‍yalay nee dilli mean sthit hai aur yah mukhh‍y nau sena adhikari – ek ed‍miral ke niyantran mean hota hai. bharatiy nau sena 3 kshetroan ki kamaandoan ke tahat tainat ki gee hai, jisamean se prath‍yek ka niyantran ek phlaig adhikari dvara kiya jata hai.

• pashchimi nau sena kamaand ka mukhh‍yalay arab sagar mean mumbee mean sthit hai.
• dakshini nau sena kamaand keral ke kochchi (kochin) mean hai tatha yah bhi arab sagar mean sthit hai.
• poorvi nau sena kamaand bangal ki kha di mean aandhr pradesh ke vishakhapattanam mean hai.

bharatiy vayu sena

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bharatiy vayu sena ki sh‍thapana 8 aktoobar 1932 ko ki gee aur 1 aprail 1954 ko eyar marshal subroto mukharji, bharatiy nau sena ke ek sansh‍thapak sadash‍y ne pratham bharatiy vayu sena pramukh ka karyabhar sanbhala. samay bitane ke sath bharatiy vayu sena ne apane havaee jahajoan aur upakaranoan mean ath‍yadhik unh‍nayan kie haian aur is prakriya ke bhag ke roop mean isamean 20 ne prakar ke havaee jahaz shamil kie haian. 20vian shatabh‍di ke aantim dashak mean bharatiy vayu sena mean mahilaoan ko shamil karane ki pahal ke lie sanrachana mean asadharan badalav kie ge, jinh‍hean alh‍p seva kalin kamishan hetu liya gaya yah aisa samay tha jab vayu sena ne ab tak ke kuchh adhik jokhim poorn kary hath mean lie hue the. [[chitr:Indian-Air-Force-Flag.png|thumb|left|bharatiy vayu sena ka dhvaj]]

ghu dasavar sena

bharatiy thalasena ki vibhinn rejimeantoan mean 61vian kaivॅlari ki anokhi vishishtata hai ki yah vishv mean ekamatr ayaantrik ghu dasavar sena hai. adhunik yantrikrit yuddh kala se pahale rajaoan v samratoan ki shakti ka aandaza unaki ghu dasavar sena lagaya jata tha. mugal shasan ke dauran bharat mean pratyek kulin ka ohada usake pas maujood gho doan ki sankhya se tay hota tha.

mugal kal aur 1947 mean bharat ki svatantrata ke samay tak yah sthiti badal chuki thi. jab aangrez bharat se ge, to sainy astabaloan mean bharatiy rajava doan ki shahi tuk diyoan ke gho de hi bache the. aantatah 1951 mean rajy senaoan ko bharatiy thalasena mean mila liya gaya, parinamasvaroop char se paanch ghu dasavar sena ki ikaiyoan ka nirman hua. mee 1953 mean alag-alag ikaiyoan ko vighatit kar nyoo h aaursd kaivॅlari rejimeant namak rejimeant banaee gee. janavari 1954 mean isaka nam badalakar 61vian kaivॅlari rejimeant rakh diya gaya.

is rejimeant ko polo khel paranpara ki vishishtata bhi hasil hai. isane bharat ko nami polo khila di die haian. is rejimeant ke sadasyoan ne char polo aur paanch bar ghu dasavari ke lie khel ke kshetr mean die jane vala sarvochch puraskar, arjun puraskar jita hai.

thumb|sena ki raiank pranali

virata puraskar

• sashastr sainy karmiyoan ko unake shaury ke lie bharat ke rashtrapati dvara virata puraskar die jate haian. char pramukh virata puraskar haian. paramavir chakr, ashok chakr, sarvottam yuddh seva medal aur vishisht seva medal hai.
• virata puraskaroan mean shamil haian, mahavir chakr, vir chakr, shaury chakr, uttam yuddh seva medal, yuddh seva medal, ati vishisht seva medal, vishisht seva medal, vayu sena medal aur nausena medal hai.

samachar

[[chitr:Indian-Air-Force.jpg|250px|thumb|bharatiy vayu sena]]

ham hai duniya ki 5vian b di shakti

guruvar, 14 aprॅl, 2011

rashtriy suraksha soochakaank (enesaee) dvara hal hi mean kie sarvekshan mean bharat ko duniya ka paanchava sarvadhik shaktishali desh mana gaya. soochi mean amerika ko pahale tatha chin doosare sthan par hai. japan aur roos ko kramash: tisara aur chautha sthan mila hai. soochi mean dakshin koriya ko chhatha sthan diya gaya hai. usake bad n aaurve (7) jarmani (8) phraans (9) aur briten (10) ko rakha gaya hai. kary-kushal janasankhya ke mamale mean bharat tisare sthan par hai, chin pahale sthan par hai. raksha ki drishti se bharat chauthi mahashakti hai.

samachar ko vibhinn srotoan par padhean

• dainik bhaskar
• raj eksapres
• patrika d aaut k aaum

bharat ke lie pak ke ravaie mean b da badalav

29 joon, 2011, budhavar

muanbee hamaloan ke bad bharat ke prati pakistani sarakar ke ravaiye mean kafi badalav aya hai aur pakistani raksha mantri ka taja bayan isako darshata hai. pakistan ki prajataantrik tarike se chuni gee sarakaroan ne hamesha bharat ke sath sanbandhoan ko behatar karane ki koshish ki hai. donoan deshoan ke bich sanbandh big dane ki zyadatar ghatanaean sainy shasan ke dauran huee haian. bharatiy sainyashakti mean ho rahe ijafe aur sena ke adhunia hathiyaroan ko shamil kiye jane ke madde nazar pakistani raksha mantri chaudhari ahamad mukhtar ka kahana hai ki pakistan, is mamale mean bharat ki barabari nahian kar sakata.

samachar ko vibhinn srotoan par padhean

• vebaduniya
• dainik bhaskar

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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vithika

• chitr:Indian-Air-Force-2.jpg

  bharatiy vayu sena

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  bharatiy vayu sena ke senik

sanbandhit lekh

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