दांडपट्टा
thumb|250px|daandapatta daandapatta (aangrezi: Dandpatta) bharatiy itihas mean maratha shasan kal ke samay prayog kiya jane vala ek hathiyar tha. maratha yoddhaoan ko kshamata se adhik taqatavar banane vala hathiyar tha daandapatta. is khas tarah ki talavar ko ‘pata’ bhi kaha jata hai. ye kisi zamane mean maratha yoddhaoan ka pasandida hathiyar hua karata tha. ye dikhane mean ek sadharan si talavar lagati hai, lekin isake kam hosh u da dene vale the.
maratha hathiyar
bharatiy itihas mean jitane bhi mahan maratha ya rajapoot yoddha hue haian, yuddh mean istemal hone vale unake hathiyar bhi utane hi mashahoor hue haian. bharat mean us daur mean ek se badhakar ek hathiyar bane the. aj bhale hi bam aur misail ke dam par kisi sena ki taqat aanki jati ho, lekin pahale ke jamane mean vahi sena zyada taqatavar mani jati thi, jisake pas astr-shastr chalane mean mahir yoddha hote the. maharana pratap ki talavar se lekar chhatrapati shivaji maharaj ke vagh nakh tak, in khas hathiyaroan ne kee yoddhaoan ka yuddh mean aant tak sath nibhaya tha. daandapatta ghatak talavar mugal kal ke dauran banaee gee thi. ise 17vian v 18vian shatabdi ke dauran hue yuddhoan mean maratha yoddhaoan dvara sabase adhik istemal kiya gaya tha.
kya tha daandapatta?
agar bharatiy yuddh itihas ke hathiyaroan ko dekhean to daandapatta mugaloan se lekar rajapootoan tak sabhi ke pas maujood tha. lekin is par jitana niyantran maratha yoddhaoan ka tha, utana kisi ka bhi nahian tha. darasal, maratha yoddhaoan ke pas is shastr ko chalane ka ek khas kaushal thi. vo ise chalane mean any yoddhaoan se zyada kushal the. is talavar ki bled am talavaroan se zyada lanbi aur lachili hoti hai, jise mo dana bahut hi kaushal ka kam hai. keval maratha yoddhaoan ke pas hi is bled ko thik se mo dane ka kaushal tha.
darasal, marathi bhasha mean ‘pataeet’ nam ka ek shabd hota hai, jisaka matalab ‘kaushal’ hota hai. isi ‘pataeet’ shabd ko ‘patta’ bhi kaha jata hai. marathi mean kushal vyakti ko ‘dharakari’ bhi kaha jata hai. isaka matalab ek aise vyakti se hai jo talavar ke sath-sath bhala, dhanush aur tir samet 5 se 6 hathiyaroan ko chalane mean nipun mana ho. lekin ‘patta’ chalane vale kushal vyakti ko ‘pattekari’ kaha jata tha, jise ’10 dharakari’ ke barabar mana jata tha. isase aandaza laga sakate haian ki ‘daandapatta’ kitana mahatvapoorn hathiyar tha.
anokhi banavat
is talavar ki adhikatam lanbaee qarib 5 fit tak, jabaki isaki bled ki lanbaee 4 fit tak hoti thi. isamean ek anokhi banavat vala ‘haiandal’ bhi laga hota tha, jo ek fit lanba hota tha. isaki bled lachila hone ke bavajood kafi tez hoti thi. is talavar ko khas banane ka kam isaka anokha ‘haiandal’ karata tha. am talavaroan mean jahaan hatthe ki taraf hath bina dhake hote haian vahian isaka hattha poori se dhaka hua hota tha. isaki vajah se yuddh ke dauran dushman ke var se hath par hamala hone ka khatara bhi nahian rahata tha.
shivaji maharaj ka pasandida hathiyar
aitihasik kahaniyoan ke mutabiq, chhatrapati shivaji ka pasandida hathiyar daandapatta hi hua karata tha. jab mugal samrat afazal khan ke aangarakshak b da saiyad ne pratapagadh ki l daee mean shivaji maharaj par talavaroan se hamala kiya tha to is dauran unake pramukh aangarakshak jiva mahala ne saiyad ka ek hath dh d se alag kar use mar giraya tha. chhatrapati shivaji maharaj ne apane ek any senapati baji prabhu deshapaande ko bhi ‘pata’ ke upayog mean prashikshit kiya tha. baji prabhu deshapaande ne bhi pavanakhiand mean lootapat ko rokane ke lie ‘daandapatta’ talavar ka hi istemal kiya tha.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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