लखनऊ

lakhanoo nagar bharat ganarajy ke sarvadhik abadi vale rajy uttar pradesh ki rajadhani hai. lakhanoo nagar gomati nadi ke kinare par basa hua hai. lakhanoo nagar mean, lakhanoo zila aur lakhanoo mandal ka prashasanik mukhyalay hai. lakhanoo nagar apani khas nazakat aur tahajib vali bahusanskriti, am ke bagoan aur chikan ki kadhaee, namachin katthak nrity kala ka janmasthal, begam akhttar ki gajaloan ka saroor lie 'pahale ap' ki tahazibo adab aur sham-e-avadh ke lie jane jana vala navabi tabiyat ka poori duniya mean ek hi shahar hai.

sthiti

ganga ke vishal uttari maidan ke hriday kshetr mean sthit lakhanoo shahar bahut se prasiddh sthanoan se ghira hai.- amaraiyoan ka shahar malihabad, aitihasik kakori, mohanalalaganj, gosaaneeganj, chinhat aur itauanja. is shahar ke poorvi or barabanki zila hai, pashchim or unnav zila evan dakshin ki or rayabareli zila hai. isake uttar mean sitapur aur haradoee zile haian. gomati nadi, mukhy bhaugolik bhag, shahar ke bichoan bich se nikalati hai, aur lakhanoo ko traans-gomati evan sis-gomati kshetroan mean vibhajit karati hai. lakhanoo shahar bhookamp kshetr ke tritiy star mean ata hai. shahar ke bich se gomati nadi bahati hai, jo lakhanoo ki sanskriti ka hissa hai.

itihas

lakhanoo ko aitihasik roop se avadh kshetr ke nam se jana jata tha. puratatvavettaoan ke anusar isaka prachin nam lakshmanapur tha. ram ke chhote bhaee lakshman ne ise basaya tha. yahaan ke shiya navaboan ne shishtachar, khoobasoorat udyanoan, kavita, sangit, aur badhiya vyanjanoan ko sadaiv sanrakshan diya gaya. lakhanoo ko navaboan ka shahar bhi kaha jata hai. lakhanoo ko poorv ka svarn nagar aur shiraj-e-hiand ke roop mean jana jata hai.

lakhanoo prachin kosal rajy ka hissa tha. ise bhagavan ram ne apane bhaee lakshman ko sauanp diya tha. ise lakshmanavati, lakshmanapur ya lakhanapur ke nam se bhi jana gaya, jo bad mean badal kar lakhanoo ho gaya. lakhanoo se ayodhya sirph 40 mil ki doori par hai.

avadh ke navaboan ne jab lakhanoo ko rajadhani banaya to merath aur dilli ke sath-sath ek aur b da shahar lakhanoo astitv mean aya. mugal vastukala se dekhean to avadh ke navaboan ne lakhanoo ko bhavy imaratoan ka nagar abnane mean koee kami baki nahi rakhi.

kala aur sanskriti ke sanrakshak avadh ke navaboan ke shasanakal mean ki gee mugal chitrakari aj bhi kee sangrahalayoan mean hai. b da imamaba da, chhota imamaba da, tatha roomi daravaza mugal vastukala ke adbhut udaharan haian.

• lakhanoo ke vartaman svaroop ki sthapana navab asafuddaula ne 1775 ee. mean ki thi.
• avadh ke shasakoan ne lakhanoo ko apani rajadhani banakar ise samriddh kiya.
• kalaantar mean navab vilasi aur nikamme siddh hue.
• in navaboan ke alasi svabhav ke karan l aaurd dalahauzi ne avadh ko bina yuddh hi adhigrahan kar british samrajy mean mila liya.
• 1850 mean avadh ke antim navab vajidali shah ne british adhinata svikar kar li. lakhanoo ke navaboan ka shasan is prakar samapt hua.
• san 1902 mean 'narth vest provins' ka nam badal kar 'yoonaitid provins aauph agara end avadh' kar diya gaya. sadharan bolachal ki bhasha mean ise 'yoonaited provins' ya 'yoopi' kaha gaya.
• san 1920 mean pradesh ki rajadhani ko ilahabad se badal kar lakhanoo kar diya gaya.
• svatantrata ke bad 12 janavari san 1950 mean isaka nam badal kar uttar pradesh rakh diya gaya aur lakhanoo isaki rajadhani bana.
• is prakar yah apane poorv laghunam 'yoopi' se ju da raha.

uchch nyayalay

• pradesh ka uchch nyayalay ilahabad hi bana raha aur lakhanoo mean uchch nyayalay ki ek nyayapith sthapit ki gayi.
• goviand vallabh pant is pradesh ke pratham mukhyamantri bane.
• aktoobar 1963 mean sucheta kripalani uttar-pradesh evan bharat ki pratham mahila mukhyamantri banian.

bhasha

yah hiandi aur urdoo sahity ke keandroan mean se ek hai. lakhanoo mean adhikaansh log hindi bolate haian. yahaan ki hindi mean lakhanavi aandaz hai, jo vishvaprasiddh hai. isake alava yahaan urdoo aur aangrezi bhi boli jati haian.

janasankhya

2006 me lakhanoo ki janasankhya 2,541,101 thi. bharat sarakar ki 2001 ki janaganana, samajik, arthik soochakaank ke anusar, lakhanoo zila alpasankhyakoan ki ghani abadi vala jila hai. kanapur ke bad yah nagar uttar-pradesh ka sabase b da shahari kshetr hai. aj ka lakhanoo ek jivant shahar hai. lakhanoo ko bharat ke teji se badh rahe gair-mahanagaroan ke shirsh pandrah mean se ek mana gaya hai. lakhanoo ki adhikaansh janasankhya poorvardh uttar pradesh se hai. phir bhi yahaan pashchimi uttar pradesh ke logoan ke alava bangali, dakshin bharatiy evan aangl-bharatiy log bhi base hue haian. lakhanoo ki kul janasankhya ka 77% hindoo evan 20% muslim log haian. shesh bhag mean sikh, jain, eesaee evan bauddh log haian.

vyavasay aur udyog

chikan aur zari ke kam ka yah pramukh kendr hai. lakhanoo ka chikan, yahaan ke hunaramandoan ki karigari (malamal ke kap de par ki gee kashidakari) , lakhanavi zaradozi ki bahut prasiddhi hai. purane lakhanoo ke chauk ilake ka zyadatar hissa chikan kashidakari ki dukanoan se bhara p da hai.

chauk mean hi muanh mean pani la denevale mithaiyoan ki dukane bhi haian, yahaan ki zayakedar malaee gilauri (pan), badam halava aur ras-malaee, aur chatapati chat bahut prasiddh hai.

shahar mean aj bhi atit ki suandar jhalakiyaan dekhi ja sakati haian. prachin kal se hi yah shahar resham, itr, chikan ke kap dean, abhooshanoan, svadisht bhojan aur navabi shishtachar ke lie prasiddh hai.

kala

avadh ke navaboan ke is shahar mean kathak, thumari, khayal, dadara, kavvali, gajal aur shero shayari jaisi kala bhi shikhar par pahuanchi thian.

parivahan

vayumarg lakhanoo ka 'amausi eyaraport' dilli, mumbee, kolakata, chainnee, baiangalor, jayapur, pune, bhuvaneshvar, guvahati aur ahamadabad se pratidin sidhi phlait dvara ju da hua hai.

relamarg lakhanoo jankshan bharat ke pramukh shaharoan se anek relaga diyoan ke madhyam se ju da hua hai. dilli se lakhanoo mel aur shatabdi eksapres, mumbee se pushpak eksapres, kolakata se doon aur amritasar eksapres ke madhyam se lakhanoo pahuancha ja sakata hai.

s dak marg rashtriy rajamarg 24 se dilli se sidhe lakhanoo pahuancha ja sakata hai. lakhanoo ka rashtriy rajamarg 2 dilli ko agara, ilahabad, varanasi aur kanapur ke raste kolakata ko jodata hai.

saksharata

lakhanoo bharat ke sabase sakshar shaharoan mean se ek hai. yahaan ki saksharata dar 82.5% hai, striyoan ki 78% evan purushoan ki saksharata 89% haian.

paryatan

navaboan ne is nagar mean anek bhavanoan ka nirman kiya, jinamean

1. b da imamaba da
2. chhota imamaba da,
3. roomi daravaza,
4. baradari,
5. chhattar manzil,
6. dilakush aur
7. residensi pramukh haian.
8. adhunik bhavan mean vidhanasabha bhavan aur charabag relave steshan ke nam se ullekhaniy hai.
9. is nagar ko 'bagoan ka shahar' bhi kaha jata hai.
10. yahaan rajakiy sangrahalay bhi hai. jisaki sthapana 1863 mean ki gee thi.
11. 500 varsh purani muslim sant shah mina ki qabr bhi yahian par hai.