गाडविन आस्टिन (के 2)
| chitr:Icon-edit.gif | is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav" |
gadavin astin (Godwin Austin) (mauant ke-2 / K-2) parvat|thumb|250px gadavin astin (aangrezi: Godwin Austin) (mauant ke-2 / K-2) parvat, himalay ka nahian, balki pioke mean kashmir ke karakoram parvatamala shreni ki sabase ooanchi choti hai, jo uttari kashmir mean 35 53 u. a. aur 76 31 poo. de. par hai. yah chin ke taksakorgan tajik, jhiangajiyaang aur pakistan ke gilagit- baltistan ki simaoan ke bich sthit hai. yah sansar mean evarest ke bad doosari sabase ooanchi choti hai, jo 28,250 phut / 8611 mitar ooanchi hai. yah choti pray: himachchhadit tatha badaloan mean chhipi rahati hai. isake parshv mean 30 aur 40 mil lanbi himasaritaean haian. isake nam ki himasarita to isake adhar par hi hai. himachal pradesh mean 16,000 phut se adhik ooanchaee par hamesha barf jami rahati hai. isalie is parvatamala ko himalay kahana sarvatha upayukt hai.
namakaran
- isaka namakaran henari haivarasham gadavin astin (1834-1923 ee.) ke nam par hua hai jisane 19vian shatabdi ke uttarardh mean isaka sarvekshan kiya tha. usane is samay isaka nam ke too (K2) rakha tha. isako sthaniy log dapsaang kahate hai.
thumb|250px|left|gadavin astin (ke 2)
- is paha d ka nam 'ke-2' 1852 mean british sarvekshak tiji moantagomery ne diya. chooanki yah karakoram parvat shrriankhala ka hissa hai, isalie 'ke' aur doosare kram par hone ke karan '2'. isaka sthaniy nam hai 'chhogori'. baltik bhasha ke is shabd ka matalab hota hai vishal paha d.
- ke-2 ko isake vikat mausam aur kathinaiyoan ke chalate 'sevej mauanten' bhi kaha jata hai jisaka arth hota hai hiansak parvat. takaniki chadhaee, kathor mausam aur himaskhalan ke bhari khatare ke sath ke-2 chadhaee ke lie 'etathausendar' ke sabase mushkil paha doan mean se ek hai. parvatarohi is dukhadayi parvat par joon se agast ke bich hi chadhaee ke prayas karate haian. yah ek aisa parvat hai jis par sardi ke mausam mean aj tak koee bhi chadhaee nahian kar paya hai.
shikhar par vijay
- varsh 2009 tak 305 parvatarohi ke-2 ke shikhar par pahuanchane ke prayas kar chuke haian jinamean se 76 mare ge. ke-2 ka 'dedaliest eeyar' kaha jane vala varsh 1986 sabase dukhad varsh tha, jab is par 27 mean se 13 parvatarohi mare ge the. ke too ko mauant evarest ki tulana mean adhik kathin aur khataranak mana jata hai. ke too par 246 logoan chadh chuke haian jabaki mauant evarest par 2238.
- is choti par kee parvatarohan abhiyan hue haian jinamean ke too par chadhane ki pahali abhiyan 1902 mean hua jo viphalata par samapt huee. phir 1909, 1934, 1938, 1939 aur 1953 ke lie prayas bhi viphal huee. ullekhaniy haian ki 1909, 1938 aur 1939 ee. ke abhiyan kramash: ebooji ke dyook, d aau. charls haustan tatha phrataz visanar ke netritv mean hue the. aantim abhiyan mean 27,500 tak ki hi ooanchaee chadhi gee thi lekin 1954 ee. ki 31 julaee mean milan vishvavidyalay ke bhoogarbhashastr ke prophesar 'ardito desio' ke netritv mean sarvapratham italavi abhiyanadal isaki choti par pahuanchane mean saphal hua tha.
bharatiy dakatikat mean gadavin astin / K-2 parvat|thumb|250px
pahala prayas
1902 mean british parvatarohi elistar kr aaule aur aauskar ekinastin samet 6 parvatarohiyoan ka abhiyan dal ke-2 par chadhaee ka sarvapratham prayas karane pahuancha. is dal ne parvat par 68 din bitae jisamean se chadhaee ke lie anukool keval 8 din hi mil pae. inamean shikhar par pahuanchane ke 5 prayas kie ge. lekin kharab mausam aur tamam pratikoolataoan ke karan dal ke sabhi prayas viphal rahe aur aantatah unhean har manani p di.
pahali saphalata
do itavali arohi echaeel k aaumpeganoni aur lino lasedeli ke-2 ke shikhar tak pahuanchane vale pahale iansan haian. unhean yah saphalata 19 julaee 1954 ko mili jise itali mean kafi garv ke sath manaya gaya. lekin jab ardito desio ke netritv vali yah tim svadesh lauti tab tim ke hi v aaultar bonati ne donoan par ilzam lagate hue vivad kh da kar diya. lekin bad mean ye ilzam jhoothe aur galatafahamijany sabit hue. thumb|250px|left|gadavin astin (ke 2)
- 23 sal bad agast 1977 mean ek japani kohe paimane chairo vashizua us par chadhane mean saphal hua. usake sath asharaph vyavastha pahala pakistani tha jo is par chadha. 1978 mean ek ameriki tim chadhane mean saphal huee.
g aaudavin asten abhiyan
1981 mean ek setelait traanjit sarve ne maooant g aaudavin asten jise ke2 ke nam se bhi jana jata hai, par ge ek ameriki abhiyan ke sath milakar yah nishkarsh nikala ki ke2 choti jise kafi lanbe samay se vishv ki doosari sabase ooanchi choti ke roop mean jana taja hai. darasal 26228 phoot yani 8990 mitar ooanchi hai. jisase yah evarest se bhi ooanchi choti ban jati hai. 1981 mean kiya gaya adhyayan us samay sanbhavat: adhik satik adhyayan ho. jinamean lejar reanj phaidars aur prithvi ki kaksha mean chakkar laga rahe upagrahoan ka prayog kiya gaya tha. lekin zyadatar is nee khoj se sahamat nahian the aur evarest ko hi vishv ki sabase ooanchi parvat choti manate haian. adhikatar srotoan ne jinamean 1994 ki aauksaphord enasaeeklopedik varld etalas bhi shamil hai, me evarest ki ooanchaee 29029 phut yani 8848 mitar bataee aur ke2 ki 28251 phut yani, 8611 mitar. is dauran 1994 ki ginij buk aauph rikardas ne risarch kaanusil aauph rom ki 1987 ki vyavastha ke havale se evarest ki ooanchaee 29078 phut yani 8863 mitar aur ke2 ki 28238 phut yani 8607 mitar bataee.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh