बॉम्बे टाकीज़

b aaumbe takiz (aangrezi: Bombay Talkies) film nirman ke kshetr mean bharat ki pratham pablik limited kanpani thi. isamean film nirdeshak ke roop mean fraanj aausten ek pramukh nam tha, jisake sath himaanshu r aauy ne kee filmean banaee thian. devika rani ko lekar himaanshu r aauy ne b aaumbe takiz ke bainar tale jo pahali film banaee, vah aangrezi aur hiandi donoan mean thi. unake kaimara main aur nirdeshak donoan videshi the. fraanj aausten ke nirdeshan mean san 1935 mean bani 'javani ki hava' b aaumbe takiz ki pahali film thi. yah ek aparadh katha par adharit premakatha thi, jisamean mukhy bhoomika devika rani aur najamool hasan ne ki thi.

sthapana

sanh 1934 mean himaanshu r aauy dvara sthapit b aaumbe takiz film nirman ke kshetr mean bharat ki pratham pablik limited kanpani thi. is kanpani ki sabase b di abhinetri devika rani thian. "b aaumbe takiz" mean himaanshu r aauy ke takaniki dal mean bharatiy aur yooropiy donoan the. ye sabhi apane apane kshetr mean anubhavi aur asadharan pratibhavan the. "b aaumbe takiz" mean film nirdeshak ke roop mean "fraanj aausten" ek pramukh nam tha, jisake sath himaanshu r aauy ne kee filmean banaeean.

film nirman

himaanshu r aauy ne b aaumbe takiz ki sthapana se poorv landan mean kanoon ki padhaee ki thi. isi dauran unhoanne devika rani se vivah kar liya. devika rani un dinoan vastukala ki padhaee kar rahian thian, vah ek kushal vastu shilpakar banana chahati thian. b aaumbe takiz ke shuroo hone ke bad himaanshu r aauy ko ek atyant suandar aur bharatiyata lie hue chehare ki talash thi. unaki nazar mean vaisi suandar nayika unaki patni devika rani hi thian, lekin devika rani ke jivan ka lakshy filmoan mean abhinay kadapi nahian tha. phir himaanshu r aauy ne patni ko kafi samajhaya aur unhean abhinay mean ane ke lie prerit kiya. kafi prayasoan ke bad devika rani taiyar hueean. devika rani ko lekar himaanshu r aauy ne b aaumbe takiz ke bainar tale jo pahali film banaee, vah aangrezi aur hiandi donoan mean thi. unake kaimara main aur nirdeshak donoan videshi the, kyoanki ve yooropiy film bazar ko nahian chho dana chahate the. us film ka aangrezi nam "karma" aur hiandi mean vah "nagin ki ragini" nam se bani thi. in donoan filmoan mean takaniki dal aur nayak-nayika aur any kalakar sab ek hi the.

devika rani ko nayika ke roop mean abhinay karane mean koee sankoch n ho, isalie himaanshu r aauy ne svayan nayak ke roop mean abhinay kiya tha. is film ka aangrezi sanskaran ianglaiand mean riliz kiya gaya aur hiandi sanskaran bharat mean. bharat mean yah film viphal huee, jab ki ianglaiand mean yah saphal rahi. yah film landan mean lagatar ath mahine tak chali jo ek kirtiman hai. is film mean devika rani ne videshi darshakoan ko zyada prabhavit kiya. unaki suandarata ki prashansa landan ki patr-patrikaoan mean lagatar chhapati rahi. doosari or himaanshu r aauy ke abhinay ki or kisi ka dhyan nahian gaya, jisake parinam svaroop himaanshu r aauy ne abhinay se sannyas le liya aur ve apana poora dhyan b aaumbe takiz ke karyakalapoan mean lagaya.

fraanj aausten ka nirdeshan

b aaumbe takiz mean mukhyat: samajik vishayoan par hi filmoan ka nirman hua. himaanshu r aauy ne hamesha samaj ki roodhivadi sanskaroan aur niyamoan ko adhar banakar hi filmoan ka nirman kiya. inaki filmean sandeshatmak hoti thian aur har film mean koee n koee naya sandesh hota tha. is sanstha ne film nirman mean ne kirtiman sthapit kie. fraanj aausten ke nirdeshan mean sanh 1935 mean bani "javani ki hava" b aaumbe takiz ki pahali film thi. yah ek aparadh katha par adharit premakatha thi, jisamean mukhy bhoomika devika rani aur najamool hasan ne ki thi. himaanshu r aauy ne bharatiy sinema ko do mahanh abhineta die- ashok kumar aur dilip kumar. sanh 1936 b aaumbe takiz ke itihas mean bahut hi mahatvapoorn varsh raha. is varsh himaanshu r aauy ne fraanj aausten ke nirdeshan mean tin filmoan ka nirman kiya, "jivan naiya", "achhoot kanya" aur "janmabhoomi". in tinoan mean nayak ashok kumar aur nayika devika rani thian. "jivan naiya" ashok kumar ki pahali film thi. "achhoot kanya" us daur ki ek kraantikari sudharavadi film thi. yah film samaj mean phaili jati bhed aur asprishyata jaisi samajik buraiyoan par prahar karati hai. yah apane samay ki chand ati-lokapriy filmoan mean se ek thi. b aaumbe takiz se pramukh film lekhak ke roop mean niranjan pal shuroo se hi ju de hue the. film "achhoot kanya" ki kahani bhi niranjan pal ki aangrezi mean likhi gee kahani "d leval krasiang" par adharit thi.

age ke varshoan mean fraanj aausten ke nirdeshan mean kee filmean banian. "durga" mean devika rani ke sath rama shukl aur hansa vadekar ne kam kiya tha. aausten ne keval inhian donoan ke lie "navajivan" namak ek film banaee. hansa vadekar ke jivan par adharit film "bhoomika" bahut age chalakar nirdeshak shyam benegal ne banayi, jisamean hansa vadekar ki bhoomika smita patil ne ki thi. sanh 1939 mean nirmit "kangan" mean apane samay ki charchit aur suandar nayika lila chitanis ne apana filmi safar shuroo kiya tha, jisamean nayak ashok kumar the. b aaumbe takiz mean nirmit filmoan mean "bandhan" ka sthan mahatvapoorn hai, isake nirmata subodh mukharji the. is film mean lila chitanis aur ashok kumar ne apane abhinay ki anoothi chhap chho di. is film mean ashok kumar ka gaya hua git "chal-chal re naujavan..." kafi lokapriy hua.

subodh mukharji aur amiy chakravarti ka yogadan

isake bad ke varshoan me fraanj aausten ne b aaumbe takiz chho d diya, jisake bad b aaumbe takiz ke sath subodh mukharji aur amiy chakravarti, do ne filmakar ju d ge. sanh 1940 mean himaanshu r aauy ki asamayik mrityu ho gee. himaanshu r aauy ki mrityu ke bad b aaumbe takiz ka sara kam-kaj devika rani ki dekh-rekh mean hone laga; kintu do varshoan mean yah kanpani do hissoan mean bant gee. kanpani ka ek hissa amiy chakravarti ke dekharekh mean aur doosara hissa subodh mukharji aur ray bahadur chunnilal ki dekh-rekh mean chala gaya. sanh 1941 mean jnan mukharji ke nirdeshan mean "jhoola" aur sanh 1945 mean "kismat" filmean banaeean. "kismat" ke nirman ke sath sath subodh mukharji ne apani alag film kanpani khol li, jisaka nam "philmistan" rakha gaya.

udhar amiy chakravarti ne sanh 1944 mean "jvarabhata" namak film banaee. yah film mahatvapoorn film isalie mani jati hai, kyoanki bharatiy sinema ke mahanh abhineta dilip kumar ka filmoan mean pravesh isi film se hua tha. isake bad b aaumbe film kanpani bhi dhire-dhire band hone ke kagar pahuanchane lagi. udhar "philmistan" se ju dakar aj ke jane-mane kalakar aur nayak-nayikaean apana philmi jivan shuroo kar rahe the. inamean devanand, shyama, kamal amarohi, bimal r aauy, nitin bos aur phani majumadar pramukh haian. sanh 1954 tak philmistan bhi band ho gee.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

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madhyamik

poornata

shodh