भरतपुर रियासत
bharatapur riyasat bharat ki deshi riyasatoan mean mahattvapoorn riyasat thi. 1700 ee. mean jab mugal saltanat kamazor p dane lagi thi, tab sanasani gaanv ke zamiandar jat baija ne apani riyasat badhana shuroo kiya. bad mean unake vanshaj choo daman sianh aur badan sianh ne 1724 ee. mean is riyasat ko b de paimane par phailaya. bad mean yah riyasat bhi aangrezoan ke adhin ho gee aur aangrezoan se apani vaphadari isane 1857 ee. ke vidroh mean dikhaee.[1]
bharatapur mean apani fauladi dridhata ke liye lohagadh qila itihas mean amar hai. dilli–muanbee relamarg par mathura se koee 30 kilomitar door vah aitihasik sthan hai, jo "rajasthan ka poorv sianhadvar" kahalata hai. bharatapur jat rajaoan ki riyasat thi. jat log apani akkh data aur zid ke liye prasiddh haian. bharatapur rajaoan ne dilli ko bhi loota aur dilli se apani vijay ke upahar svaroop ashtadhatu ke us daravaje ko ukha d kar laye, jise alauddin khilaji padmini ke chittau d se chhin kar laya tha. bharatapur ke charoan or pani se bhari huee khaee hai aur us khaee ke bahar bana hua hai mitti ka vah qila, jisake adamy sahas aur bahaduri ke git prasiddh itihasakar jems t aaud ne bhi gae haian. mitti ke is qile ki yah ek visheshata rahi hai ki use aj tak koee bhi hara nahian saka. isaliye yah qila aj bhi ajey durg lohagadh ke nam se vikhyat hai. bharatapur ka purana nam bhi lohagadh raha hai. ye kahavatean bharatapur ke jatoan ki virata ko aur lohagadh ke charitr ko prakat karati haian- "ath phirangi nau l dai jat ke do chhora tatha bharatapur gadh baanko gora hataja."[2]
aangrezi senaoan se l date–l date holkar naresh yashavant rav holkar bhagakar bharatapur a ge the. jat raja ranajit sianh ne unhean vachan diya tha ki apako bachane ke liye ham sab kuchh kurban kar deange. aangrezoan ki sena ke kamaandar in chiph l aaurd lek ne bharatapur ke jat raja ranajit sianh ko khabar bheji ki ya to vah yasavant rav ko aangrezoan ke havale kar de anyatha vah khud ko maut ke havale samajhe. yah dhamaki jat raja ke svabhav ke sarvatha khilaph thi. aangrezi sena ke kamaandar lek ne tatkal bhari sena lekar bharatapur par akraman kar diya. jat senaean nirbhikata se dati rahian. aangrezi sena top se gole ugalati ja rahi thi aur vah gole bharatapur ki mitti ke us qile ke pet mean samate ja rahe the. top ke goloan ke ghamasan hamale ke bad bhi jab bharatapur ka qila jyoan ka tyoan data raha to aangrezi sena mean ashchary aur sanasani phail gayi. l aaurd lek svayan vismit hokar is qile ki adbhut kshamata ko dekhate aur aankate rahe. sandhi ka sandesh phir doharaya gaya aur raja ranajit sianh ne aangrezi sena ko ek bar phir lalakar diya. aangrezoan ki phauj ko lagatar rasad aur gola barood ate ja rahe the aur vah apana akraman nirantar jari rakhati rahi. parantu jat senaean adig hokar aangrezoan ke hamaloan ko jhelati rahi. itihasakaroan ka kahana hai ki l aaurd lek ke netritv mean aangrezi senaoan ne 13 bar is qile par hamala kiya aur hamesha use muanh ki khani p di. aangreji senaoan ko vapas lautana p da.
bharatapur ka qila yadyapi itana vishal nahian hai, jitana ki chittau d ka qila, parantu bharatapur ka qila ajey mana jata hai. yah itani karigari se banaya gaya hai ki asani se ise jita nahian ja sakata. qile ke charoan or mitti ke gare ki moti divar hai aur isake bahar pani se bhari huee khaee hai. dushman ki top se nikale hue gole gare ki divar mean dhas jate aur unaki ag shaant ho jati. aisi asankhy goloan ko apani udar mean sama lene vale is qile ki patthar ki divar jyoan ki tyoan surakshit bani rahi hai aur isiliye dushman is qile mean kabhi aandar nahian ghus paya. aangrezoan ki sena jab hatash hokar bahar bhag gee, tab maharaja ranajit sianh ne holkar naresh ko vidaee di. holkar naresh ne ruandhe gale se kaha ki holkar bharatapur ka sada kritajn rahega, hamari yah mitrata amar rahegi aur is mitrata ka chashmadid gavah rahega, bharatapur ka aitihasik qila, jisamean raksha karane vale 8 bhag haian aur anek burj bhi. is qile ke donoan daravajoan ko jat maharaj javahar sianh dilli se lae the.
namakaran
bharatapur ka aitihasik nagar maharaja soorajamal sianh ne 18vian shatabdi mean basaya tha. kivadanti haian ki shriram ke chhote bhaee bharat ke nam par is nagar ka nam bharatapur p da, parantu itihasakaroan ka kahana yah hai ki yahaan ki jamin bahut nichi thi aur us par mitti ka bharat bhara gaya tha, isi karan isaka nam bharatapur p da. qile ke ek kone par javahar burj hai, jise jat maharaj dvara dilli par kiye ge hamale aur usaki vijay ke smarak svaroop sanh 1765 mean banaya gaya tha. doosare kone par ek burj hai phatah burj, jo sanh 1805 mean aangrezi sena ke chhakke chhu dane aur parast karane ki yadagar hai. bharatapur nagar rajasthan ka poorvi sianhadvar kahalata hai, kyoanki poorv disha mean yahian se rajasthan mean pravesh kiya jata hai. rajasthan ka itihas jitana vaibhav aur gauravashali raha hai, utana hi gauravashali mana jata hai bharatapur ka aitihasik qila.
sanskriti
bharatapur mean kee prasiddh mandir haian, jisamean ganga mandir, lakshman mandir tatha bihari ji ka mandir atyant lokapriy aur khyatiprapt hai. shahar ke bich mean ek b di jama masjid bhi hai. ye mandir aur masjid poorn roop se lal patthar ke bane haian. in mandiroan aur masjid ke bare mean ek kahani prachalit hai. logoan ka kahana hai ki bharatapur riyasat mean jab maharaja kisi vyakti ko naukari par rakhate the to us vyakti ke sath yah shart rakhi jati thi ki har mahine usaki tanakhvah mean se ek paisa dharm ke khate kat liya jaega. har naukar ko yah shart manjoor thi. riyasat ke har karmachari ke vetan se ek paisa har mahine dharm ke khate mean jama hota tha. is dharm ke bhi do khate the- hindoo karmachariyoan ka paisa hindoo dharm ke khate mean jama hota tha aur muslim karmachariyoan ka paisa islam dharm ke khate mean ikaththa kiya jata tha. karmachariyoan ke masik katauti se in khatoan mean jo bhari rakam jama ho gee, usaka upayog dharmik pratishthanoan ke upayog mean kiya gaya. hinduoan ke dharm khate se lakshman mandir aur ganga mandir banae ge, jabaki musalamanoan ke dharm khate se shahar ki bichoan bich bahut b di masjid ka nirman kiya gaya. bharatapur ke shasakoan ne hindoo aur musalamanoan ki sahayog aur samanjasy ki bhavana ko prashray diya. dharm nirapekshata ke aise udaharan birale hi hoange. bharatapur ke mandir aur masjid patthar ki vastukala aur pachchikari ke adbhut namoone haian.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ bharat mean deshi riyasatean aur unaka itihas (hiandi) pravakta.com. abhigaman tithi: 1 sitambar, 2018.
- ↑ bharatapur aur ajey durg lohagadh (hiandi) abhivyakti-hindi.org. abhigaman tithi: 1 sitambar, 2018.
sanbandhit lekh