भारत का संविधान- कार्यपालिका

karyapalika

rashtrapati aur uparashtrapati

52. bharat ka rashtrapati-

bharat ka ek rashtrapati hoga.

53. sangh ki karyapalika shakti-

• (1) sangh ki karyapalika shakti rashtrapati mean nihit hogi aur vah isaka prayog is sanvidhan ke anusar svayan ya apane adhinasth adhikariyoan ke dvara karega.
  
• (2) poorvagami upabandh ki vyapakata par pratikool prabhav dale bina, sangh ke raksha baloan ka sarvochch samadesh rashtrapati mean nihit hoga aur usaka prayog vidhi dvara viniyamit hoga.
  
• (3) is anuchchhed ki koee bat-
  
  • (k) kisi vidyaman vidhi dvara kisi rajy ki sarakar ya any pradhikari ko pradan kie ge krity rashtrapati ko aantarit karane vali nahian samajhi jaegi; ya
    
  • (kh) rashtrapati se bhinn any pradhikariyoan ko vidhi dvara krity pradan karane se sansad ko nivarit nahian karegi.
    

54. rashtrapati ka nirvachan-

rashtrapati ka nirvachan aise nirvachakagan ke sadasy kareange jisamean-

• • (k) sansad ke donoan sadanoan ke nirvachit sadasy; aur
    
  • (kh) rajyoan ki vidhan sabhaoan ke nirvachit sadasy hoange.
    

spashtikaran- is anuchchhed aur anuchchhed 55 mean, "rajy" ke aantargat dilli rashtriy rajadhani rajyakshetr aur paandicheri sangh rajyakshetr haian.

55. rashtrapati ke nirvachan ki riti-

• (1) jahaan tak sadhy ho, rashtrapati ke nirvachan mean bhinn-bhinn rajyoan ke pratinidhitv ke mapaman mean ekaroopata hogi.
  
• (2) rajyoan mean apas mean aisi ekaroopata tatha samast rajyoan aur sangh mean samatulyata prapt karane ke lie sansad aur pratyek rajy ki vidhan sabha ka pratyek nirvachit sadasy aise nirvachan mean jitane mat dene ka hakadar hai, unaki sankhya nimnalikhit riti se avadharit ki jaegi, arthat:-
  
  • (k) kisi rajy ki vidhan sabha ke pratyek nirvachit sadasy ke utane mat hoange, jitane ki ek hazar ke gunit us bhagaphal mean hoan jo rajy ki janasankhya ko us vidhan sabha ke nirvachit sadasyoan ki kul sankhya se bhag dene par ae;
    
  • (kh) yadi ek hazar ke ukt gunitoan ko lene ke bad shesh paanch sau se kam nahian hai to upakhand (k) mean nirdisht pratyek sadasy ke matoan ki sankhya mean ek aur jo d diya jaega;
    
  • (g) sansad ke pratyek sadan ke pratyek nirvachit sadasy ke matoan ki sankhya vah hogi, jo upakhand (k) aur upakhand (kh) ke adhin rajyoan ki vidhan sabhaoan ke sadasyoan ke lie niyat kul matoan ki sankhya ko, sansad ke donoan sadanoan ke nirvachit sadasyoan ki kul sankhya se bhag dene par ae, jisamean adhe se adhik bhinn ko ek gina jaega aur any bhinnoan ki upeksha ki jaegi.
    
• (3) rashtrapati ka nirvachan anupatik pratinidhitv paddhati ke anusar ekal sankramaniy mat dvara hoga aur aise nirvachan mean matadan gupt hoga.
  

[spashtikaran- is anuchchhed mean, "janasankhya" pad se aisi aantim poorvavarti jaganana mean abhinishchit ki gee janasankhya abhipret hai jisake susangat aank de prakashit ho ge haian: parantu is spashtikaran mean aantim poorvavarti janaganana ke prati, jisake susangat aank de prakashit ho ge haian, nirdesh ka, jab tak san [2026] ke pashchath ki gee pahali janaganana ke susangat aank de prakashit nahian ho jate haian, yah arth lagaya jaega ki vah 1971 ki janaganana ke prati nirdesh hai.]

56. rashtrapati ki padavadhi-

• (1) rashtrapati apane pad grahan ki tarikh se paanch varsh ki avadhi tak pad dharan karega: parantu-
  
  • (k) rashtrapati, uparashtrapati ko sanbodhit apane hastakshar sahit lekh dvara apana pad tyag sakega;
    
  • (kh) sanvidhan ka atikraman karane par rashtrapati ko anuchchhed 61 mean upabandhit riti se chalae ge mahabhiyog dvara pad se hataya ja sakega;
    
  • (g) rashtrapati, apane pad ki avadhi samapt ho jane par bhi, tab tak pad dharan karata rahega jab tak usaka uttaradhikari apana pad grahan nahian kar leta hai.
    

(2) khand (1) ke parantuk ke khand (k) ke adhin uparashtrapati ko sanbodhit tyagapatr ki soochana usake dvara lok sabha ke adhyaksh ko turant di jaegi.

57. punarnirvachan ke lie patrata-

koee vyakti, jo rashtrapati ke roop mean pad dharan karata hai ya kar chuka hai, is sanvidhan ke any upabandhoan ke adhin rahate hue us pad ke lie punarnirvachan ka patr hoga.

58. rashtrapati nirvachit hone ke lie arhataean-

• (1) koee vyakti rashtrapati nirvachit hone ka patr tabhi hoga jab vah-
  
  • (k) bharat ka nagarik hai,
    
  • (kh) paiantis varsh ki ayu poori kar chuka hai, aur
    
  • (g) lok sabha ka sadasy nirvachit hone ke lie arhit hai.
    
• (2) koee vyakti, jo bharat sarakar ke ya kisi rajy ki sarakar ke adhin athava ukt sarakaroan mean se kisi ke niyantran mean kisi sthaniy ya any pradhikari ke adhin koee labh ka pad dharan karata hai, rashtrapati nirvachit hone ka patr nahian hoga.
  

spashtikaran- is anuchchhed ke prayojanoan ke lie, koee vyakti keval is karan koee labh ka pad dharan karane vala nahian samajha jaega ki vah sangh ka rashtrapati ya uparashtrapati ya kisi rajy ka rajyapal (***) hai athava sangh ka ya kisi rajy ka mantri hai.

59. rashtrapati ke pad ke lie shartean-

• (1) rashtrapati sansad ke kisi sadan ka ya kisi rajy ke vidhan-mandal ke kisi sadan ka sadasy nahian hoga aur yadi sansad ke kisi sadan ka ya kisi rajy ke vidhan-mandal ke kisi sadan ka koee sadasy rashtrapati nirvachit ho jata hai to yah samajha jaega ki usane us sadan mean apana sthan rashtrapati ke roop mean apane pad grahan ki tarikh se rikt kar diya hai.
  
• (2) rashtrapati any koee labh ka pad dharan nahian karega.
  
• (3) rashtrapati, bina kiraya die, apane shasakiy nivasoan ke upayog ka hakadar hoga aur aisi upalabdhiyoan, bhattoan aur visheshadhikaroan ka bhi, jo sansad, vidhi dvara avadharit kare aur jab tak is nimitt is prakar upabandh nahian kiya jata hai tab tak aisi upalabdhiyoan, bhattoan aur visheshadhikaroan ka, jo doosari anusoochi mean vinirdisht haian, hakadar hoga.
  
• (4) rashtrapati ki upalabdhiyaan aur bhatte usaki padavadhi ke dauran kam nahian kie jaeange.
  

60. rashtrapati dvara shapath ya pratijnan-

pratyek rashtrapati aur pratyek vyakti, jo rashtrapati ke roop mean kary kar raha hai ya usake krityoan ka nirvahan kar raha hai, apana pad grahan karane se pahale bharat ke mukhy nyayamoorti ya usaki anupasthiti mean uchchatam nyayalay ke upalabdh jyeshthatam nyayadhish ke samaksh nimnalikhit praroop mean shapath lega ya pratijnan karega aur us par apane hastakshar karega, arthath:-

eeshvar ki shapath leta hooan

"maian, amuk --- ki maian shraddhapoorvak bharat ke rashtrapati ke pad ka karyapalan satyanishtha se pratijnan karata hooan.
(athava rashtrapati ke krityoan ka nirvahan) karooanga tatha apani poori yogyata se sanvidhan aur vidhi ka parirakshan, sanrakshan aur pratirakshan karooanga aur maian bharat ki janata ki seva aur kalyan mean nirat rahooanga."

61. rashtrapati par mahabhiyog chalane ki prakriya-

• (1) jab sanvidhan ke atikraman ke lie rashtrapati par mahabhiyog chalana ho, tab sansad ka koee sadan arop lagaega.
  
• (2) aisa koee arop tab tak nahian lagaya jaega jab tak ki-
  
  • (k) aisa arop lagane ki prasthapana kisi aise sankalp mean aantarvisht nahian hai, jo kam se kam chaudah din ki aisi likhit soochana ke die jane ke pashchath prastavit kiya gaya hai jis par us sadan ki kul sadasy sankhya ke kam se kam ek-chauthaee sadasyoan ne hastakshar karake us sankalp ko prastavit karane ka apana ashay prakat kiya hai; aur
    
  • (kh) us sadan ki kul sadasy sankhya ke kam se kam do-tihaee bahumat dvara aisa sankalp parit nahian kiya gaya hai.
    
• (3) jab arop sansad ke kisi sadan dvara is prakar lagaya gaya hai tab doosara sadan us arop ka anveshan karega ya karaega aur aise anveshan mean upasthit hone ka tatha apana pratinidhitv karane ka rashtrapati ko adhikar hoga.
  
• (4) yadi anveshan ke parinamasvaroop yah ghoshit karane vala sankalp ki rashtrapati ke viruanddh lagaya gaya arop siddh ho gaya hai, arop ka anveshan karane ya karane vale sadan ki kul sadasy sankhya ke kam se kam do-tihaee bahumat dvara parit kar diya jata hai to aise sankalp ka prabhav usake is prakar parit kie jane ki tarikh se rashtrapati ko usake pad se hatana hoga.
  

62. rashtrapati ke pad mean rikti ko bharane ke lie nirvachan karane ka samay aur akasmik rikti ko bharane ke lie nirvachit vyakti ki padavadhi-

• (1) rashtrapati ki padavadhi ki samapti se huee rikti ko bharane ke lie nirvachan, padavadhi ki samapti se pahale hi poorn kar liya jaega.
  
• (2) rashtrapati ki mrityu, padatyag ya pad se hatae jane ya any karan se huee usake pad mean rikti ko bharane ke lie nirvachan, rikti hone ki tarikh ke pashchath yathashighr aur pratyek dasha mean chhah mas bitane se pahale kiya jaega aur rikti ko bharane ke lie nirvachit vyakti, anuchchhed 56 ke upabandhoan ke adhin rahate hue, apane pad grahan ki tarikh se paanch varsh ki poori avadhi tak pad dharan karane ka hakadar hoga.
  

63. bharat ka uparashtrapati-

bharat ka ek uparashtrapati hoga.

64. uparashtrapati ka rajy sabha ka paden sabhapati hona-

uparashtrapati, rajy sabha ka paden sabhapati hoga aur any koee labh ka pad dharan nahian karega: parantu jis kisi avadhi ke dauran uparashtrapati, anuchchhed 65 ke adhin rashtrapati ke roop mean kary karata hai ya rashtrapati ke krityoan ka nirvahan karata hai, us avadhi ke dauran vah rajy sabha ke sabhapati ke pad ke kartavyoan ka palan nahian karega aur vah anuchchhed 97 ke adhin rajy sabha ke sabhapati ko sandey vetan ya bhatte ka hakadar nahian hoga.

65. rashtrapati ke pad mean akasmik rikti ke dauran ya usaki anupasthiti mean uparashtrapati ka rashtrapati ke roop mean kary karana ya usake krityoan ka nirvahan-

• (1) rashtrapati ki mrityu, padatyag ya pad se hatae jane ya any karan se usake pad mean huee rikti ki dasha mean uparashtrapati us tarikh tak rashtrapati ke roop mean kary karega jis tarikh ko aisi rikti ko bharane ke lie is adhyay ke upabandhoan ke anusar nirvachit naya rashtrapati apana pad grahan karata hai.
  
• (2) jab rashtrapati anupasthiti, bimari ya any kisi karan se apane krityoan ka nirvahan karane mean asamarth hai tab uparashtrapati us tarikh tak usake krityoan ka nirvahan karega jis tarikh ko rashtrapati apane kartavyoan ko phir se sanbhalata hai.
  
• (3) uparashtrapati ko us avadhi ke dauran aur us avadhi ke sanbandh mean, jab vah rashtrapati ke roop mean is prakar kary kar raha hai ya usake krityoan ka nirvahan kar raha hai, rashtrapati ki sabhi shaktiyaan aur unmuktiyaan hoangi tatha vah aisi upalabdhiyoan, bhattoan aur visheshadhikaroan ka jo sansad, vidhi dvara, avadharit kare, aur jab tak is nimitt is prakar upabandh nahian kiya jata hai tab tak aisi upalabdhiyoan, bhattoan aur visheshadhikaroan ka, jo doosari anusoochi mean vinirdisht haian, hakadar hoga.
  

66. uparashtrapati ka nirvachan-

• (1) uparashtrapati ka nirvachan [sansad ke donoan sadanoan ke sadasyoan se milakar banane vale nirvachakagan ke sadasyoan] dvara anupatik pratinidhitv paddhati ke anusar ekal sankramaniy mat dvara hoga aur aise nirvachan mean matadan gupt hoga.
  
• (2) uparashtrapati sansad ke kisi sadan ka ya kisi rajy ke vidhan-mandal ke kisi sadan ka sadasy nahian hoga aur yadi sansad ke kisi sadan ka ya kisi rajy ke vidhan-mandal ke kisi sadan ka koee sadasy uparashtrapati nirvachit ho jata hai to yah samajha jaega ki usane us sadan mean apana sthan uparashtrapati ke roop mean apane pad grahan ki tarikh se rikt kar diya hai.
  
• (3) koee vyakti uparashtrapati nirvachit hone ka patr tabhi hoga jab vah-
  
  • (k) bharat ka nagarik hai,
    
  • (kh) paiantis varsh ki ayu poori kar chuka hai, aur
    
  • (g) rajy sabha ka sadasy nirvachit hone ke lie arhit hai.
    
  • (4) koee vyakti, jo bharat sarakar ke ya kisi rajy ki sarakar ke adhin athava ukt sarakaroan mean se kisi ke niyantran mean kisi sthaniy ya any pradhikari ke adhin koee labh ka pad dharan karata hai, uparashtrapati nirvachit hone ka patr nahian hoga.
    

spashtikaran- is anuchchhed ke prayojanoan ke lie, koee vyakti keval is karan koee labh ka pad dharan karane vala nahian samajha jaega ki vah sangh ka rashtrapati ya uparashtrapati ya kisi rajy ka rajyapal (***) hai athava sangh ka ya kisi rajy ka mantri hai.

67. uparashtrapati ki padavadhi-

• (1) uparashtrapati apane pad grahan ki tarikh se paanch varsh ki avadhi tak pad dharan karega: parantu-
  
  • (k) uparashtrapati, rashtrapati ko sanbodhit apane hastakshar sahit lekh dvara apana pad tyag sakega;
    
  • (kh) uparashtrapati, rajy sabha ke aise sankalp dvara apane pad se hataya ja sakega jise rajy sabha ke tatkalin samast sadasyoan ke bahumat ne parit kiya hai aur jisase lok sabha sahamat hai; kiantu is khand ke prayojan ke lie kee sankalp tab tak prastavit nahian kiya jaega jab tak ki us sankalp ko prastavit karane ke ashay ki kam se kam chaudah din ki soochana n de di gee ho;
    
  • (g) uparashtrapati, apane pad ki avadhi samapt ho jane par bhi, tab tak pad dharan karata rahega jab tak usaka uttaradhikari apana pad grahan nahian kar leta hai.
    

68. uparashtrapati ke pad mean rikti ko bharane ke lie nirvachan karane ka samay aur akasmik rikti ko bharane ke lie nirvachit vyakti ki padavadhi-

• (1) uparashtrapati ki padavadhi ki samapti se huee rikti ko bharane ke lie nirvachan, padavadhi ki samapti se pahale hi poorn kar liya jaega.
  
• (2) uparashtrapati ki mrityu, padatyag ya pad se hatae jane ya any karan se huee usake pad mean rikti ko bharane ke lie nirvachan, rikti hone ke pashchath yathashighr kiya jaega aur rikti ko bharane ke lie nirvachit vyakti, anuchchhed 67 ke upabandhoan ke adhin rahate hue, apane pad grahan ki tarikh se paanch varsh ki poori avadhi tak pad dharan karane ka hakadar hoga.
  

69. uparashtrapati dvara shapath ya pratijnan-

pratyek uparashtrapati apana pad grahan karane se pahale rashtrapati athava usake dvara is nimitt niyukt kisi vyakti ke samaksh nimnalikhit praroop mean shapath lega ya pratijnan karega aur us par apane hastakshar karega, arthath:-

eeshvar ki shapath leta hooan

maian, amuk ---ki maian vidhi dvara sthapit bharat ke sanvidhan ke prati sachchi satyanishtha se pratijnan karata hooan shraddha aur nishtha rakhooanga tatha jis pad ko maian grahan karane vala hooan usake kartavyoan ka shraddhapoorvak nirvahan karooanga.

70. any akasmikataoan mean rashtrapati ke krityoan ka nirvahan-

sansad, aisi kisi akasmikata mean jo is adhyay mean upabandhit nahian hai, rashtrapati ke krityoan ke nirvahan ke lie aisa upabandh kar sakegi jo vah thik samajhe.

71. [rashtrapati ya uparashtrapati ke nirvachan se sanbandhit ya sansakt vishay-

• (1) rashtrapati ya uparashtrapati ke nirvachan se utpann ya sansakt sabhi shankaoan aur vivadoan ki jaanch aur vinishchay uchchatam nyayalay dvara kiya jaega aur usaka vinishchay aantim hoga.
  
• (2) yadi uchchatam nyayalay dvara kisi vyakti ke rashtrapati ya uparashtrapati ke roop mean nirvachan ko shoony ghoshit kar diya jata hai to usake dvara, yathasthiti, rashtrapati ya uparashtrapati ke pad ki shaktiyoan ke prayog aur kartavyoan ke palan mean uchchatam nyayalay ke vinishchay ki tarikh ko ya usase pahale kie ge kary us ghoshana ke karan avidhimany nahian hoange.
  
• (3) is sanvidhan ke upabandhoan ke adhin rahate hue, rashtrapati ya uparashtrapati ke nirvachan se sanbandhit ya sansakt kisi vishay ka viniyaman sansad vidhi dvara kar sakegi.
  
• (4) rashtrapati ya uparashtrapati ke roop mean kisi vyakti ke nirvachan ko use nirvachit karane vale nirvachakagan ke sadasyoan mean kisi bhi karan se vidyaman kisi rikti ke adhar par prashnagat nahian kiya jaega.]
  

72. kshama adi ki aur kuchh mamaloan mean dandadesh ke nilanban, parihar ya laghookaran ki rashtrapati ki shakti-

• (1) rashtrapati ko, kisi aparadh ke lie siddhadosh thaharae ge kisi vyakti ke dand ko kshama, usaka pravilamban, viram ya parihar karane ki athava dandadesh ke nilanban, parihar ya laghookaran ki-
  
  • (k) un sabhi mamaloan mean, jinamean dand ya dandadesh sena nyayalay ne diya hai,
    
  • (kh) un sabhi mamaloan mean, jinamean dand ya dandadesh aise vishay sanbandhi kisi vidhi ke viruanddh aparadh ke lie diya gaya hai jis vishay tak sangh ki karyapalika shakti ka vistar hai,
    
  • (g) un sabhi mamaloan mean, jinamean dandadesh, mrityu dandadesh hai, shakti hogi.
    
• (2) khand (1) ke upakhand (k) ki koee bat sangh ke sashastr baloan ke kisi aphisar ki sena nyayalay dvara parit dandadesh ke nilanban, parihar ya laghookaran ki vidhi dvara pradatt shakti par prabhav nahian dalegi.
  
• (3) khand (1) ke upakhand (g) ki koee bat tatsamay pravritt kisi vidhi ke adhin kisi rajy ke rajyapal (***) dvara prayoktavy mrityu dandadesh ke nilanban, parihar ya laghookaran ki shakti par prabhav nahian dalegi.
  

73. sangh ki karyapalika shakti ka vistar-

• (1) is sanvidhan ke upabandhoan ke adhin rahate hue, sangh ki karyapalika shakti ka vistar-
  
  • (k) jin vishayoan ke sanbandh mean sansad ko vidhi banane ki shakti hai un tak, aur
    
  • (kh) kisi sandhi ya karar ke adhar par bharat sarakar dvara prayoktavy adhikaroan, pradhikar aur adhikarita ke prayog tak, hoga:
    

parantu is sanvidhan mean ya sansad dvara banaee gee kisi vidhi mean abhivyakt roop se yatha upabandhit ke sivay, upakhand (k) mean nirdisht karyapalika shakti ka vistar kisi (***) rajy mean aise vishayoan tak nahian hoga jinake sanbandh mean us rajy ke vidhan-mandal ko bhi vidhi banane ki shakti hai.

• (2) jab tak sansad anyatha upabandh n kare tab tak is anuchchhed mean kisi bat ke hote hue bhi, koee rajy aur rajy ka koee adhikari ya pradhikari un vishayoan mean, jinake sanbandh mean sansad ko us rajy ke lie vidhi banane ki shakti hai, aisi karyapalika shakti ka ya krityoan ka prayog kar sakega jinaka prayog vah rajy ya usaka adhikari ya pradhikari is sanvidhan ke praranbh se thik pahale kar sakata tha.
  

mantri-parishad

74. rashtrapati ko sahayata aur salah dene ke lie mantri-parishad-

• (1) [rashtrapati ko sahayata aur salah dene ke lie ek mantri-pari−adh hogi jisaka pradhan, pradhan mantri hoga aur rashtrapati apane krityoan ka prayog karane mean aisi salah ke anusar kary karega:]
  

[parantu rashtrapati mantri-parishad se aisi salah par sadharanataya ya anyatha punarvichar karane ki apeksha kar sakega aur rashtrapati aise punarvichar ke pashchath di gee salah ke anusar kary karega.]

• (2) is prashn ki kisi nyayalay mean jaanch nahian ki jaegi ki kya mantriyoan ne rashtrapati ko koee salah di, aur yadi di to kya di.
  

75. mantriyoan ke bare mean any upabandh-

• (1) pradhan mantri ki niyukti rashtrapati karega aur any mantriyoan ki niyukti rashtrapati, pradhan mantri ki salah par karega.
  
  • (1k) mantri-parishad mean pradhan mantri sahit mantriyoan ki kul sankhya lok sabha ke sadasyoan ki kul sankhya ke pandrah pratishat se adhik nahian hogi.
    
  • (1kh) kisi rajanitik dal ka sansad ke kisi sadan ka koee sadasy, jo dasavian anusoochi ke paira 2 ke adhin us sadan ka sadasy hone ke lie nirarhit hai, apani nirarhata ki tarikh se praranbh hone vali aur us tarikh tak jisako aise sadasy ke roop mean usaki padavadhi samapt hogi ya jahaan vah aisi avadhi ki samapti ke poorv sasand ke kisi sadan ke lie nirvachan l data hai, us tarikh tak jisako vah nirvachit ghoshit kiya jata hai, inamean se jo bhi poorvatar ho, ki avadhi ke dauran, khand (1) ke adhin mantri ke roop mean niyukt kie jane ke lie bhi nirarhit hoga.]
    
• (2) mantri, rashtrapati ke prasadaparyant apane pad dharan kareange.
  
• (3) mantri-parishad lok sabha ke prati samoohik roop se uttaradayi hogi.
  
• (4) kisi mantri dvara apana pad grahan karane se pahale, rashtrapati tisari anusoochi mean is prayojan ke lie die ge praroopoan ke anusar usako pad ki aur gopaniyata ki shapath dilaega.
  
• (5) koee mantri, jo nirantar chhah mas ki kisi avadhi tak sansadh ke kisi sadan ka sadasy nahian hai, us avadhi ki samapti par mantri nahian rahega.
  
• (6) mantriyoan ke vetan aur bhatte aise hoange jo sansad vidhi dvara, samay-samay par avadharit kare aur jab tak sansad is prakar avadharit nahian karati hai tab tak aise hoange jo doosari anusoochi mean vinirdisht haian.
  

bharat ka mahanyayavadi

76. bharat ka mahanyayavadi-

• (1) rashtrapati, uchchatam nyayalay ka nyayadhish niyukt hone ke lie arhit kisi vyakti ko bharat ka mahanyayavadi niyukt karega.
  
• (2) mahanyayavadi ka yah kartavy hoga ki vah bharat sarakar ko vidhi sanbandhi aise vishayoan par salah de aur vidhik svaroop ke aise any kartavyoan ka palan kare jo rashtrapati usako samay-samay par nirdeshit kare ya sauanpe aur un krityoan ka nirvahan kare jo usako is sanvidhan athava tatsamay pravritt kisi any vidhi dvara ya usake adhin pradan kie ge hoan.
  
• (3) mahanyayavadi ko apane kartavyoan ke palan mean bharat ke rajyakshetr mean sabhi nyayalayoan mean sunavaee ka adhikar hoga.
  
• (4) mahanyayavadi, rashtrapati ke prasadaparyant pad dharan karega aur aisa parishramik prapt karega jo rashtrapati avadharit kare.
  

sarakari kary ka sanchalan

77. bharat sarakar ke kary ka sanchalan-

• (1) bharat sarakar ki samast karyapalika karravaee rashtrapati ke nam se ki huee kahi jaegi.
  
• (2) rashtrapati ke nam se kie ge aur nishpadit adeshoan aur any likhatoan ko aisi riti se adhipramanit kiya jaega jo rashtrapati dvara banae jane vale niyamoan mean vinirdisht ki jae aur is prakar adhipramanit adesh ya likhat ki vidhimanyata is adhar par prashnagat nahian ki jaegi ki vah rashtrapati dvara kiya gaya ya nishpadit adesh ya likhat nahian hai.
  
• (3) rashtrapati, bharat sarakar ka kary adhik suvidhapoorvak kie jane ke lie aur mantriyoan mean ukt kary ke abantan ke lie niyam banaega.
  

(***)

78. rashtrapati ko janakari dene adi ke sanbandh mean pradhanamantri ke kartavy-

pradhan mantri ka yah kartavy hoga ki vah-

• • (k) sangh ke karyakalap ke prashasan sanbandhi aur vidhan vishayak prasthapanaoan sanbandhi mantri-parishad ke sabhi vinishchay rashtrapati ko sansoochit kare;
    
  • (kh) sangh ke karyakalap ke prashasan sanbandhi aur vidhan vishayak prasthapanaoan sanbandhi jo janakari rashtrapati maange, vah de; aur
    
  • (g) kisi vishay ko jis par kisi mantri ne vinishchay kar diya hai kintu mantri-parishad ne vichar nahian kiya hai, rashtrapati dvara apeksha kie jane par parishad ke samaksh vichar ke lie rakhe.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• bharat ki adhikarik vebasait