लॉर्ड डलहौज़ी

thumb|l aaurd dalahauzi
Lord Dalhousie 1848 ee. mean arl aauf dalahauzi gavarnar janaral ban kar bharat aya. usaka shasan kal adhunik bharatiy itihas mean ek smaraniy kal raha kyoanki usane yuddh v vyapagat siddhant ke adhar par aangrezi samrajy ka vistar karate hue anek mahattvapoorn sudharatmak karyoan ko sampann kiya.

dalahauzi ke samay mean prapt mahattvapoorn saphalataean

dalahauji ke samay mean aangrejoan dvara prapt ki gee mahattvapoorn saphalataaian.

• dvitiy aangl-sikh yuddh (1848-49) tatha panjab ka british samrajy mean vilay (1849 ee.) dalahauji ki pratham saphalata thi. multan ke garvanar mularaj ke vidroh, do aangrez adhikariyoan ki hatya aur hajara ke sikkh garvanar chatar sianh ke vidroh ne panjab mean sarvatr aangrez virodh ki sthiti paida kar di thi. atah dalahauji ne dvitiy aangl sikkh yuddh ke pashchath 29 march, 1849 ki ghoshana dvara panjab ka vilay kiya. maharaja dilip sianh ko penshan de di gayi. is yuddh ke vishay mean dalahauji ne kaha tha ki 'sikhoan ne yuddh maanga hai, yah yuddh pratishodh sahit l da jayaga.'
• dalahauji ne sikkim par do aangrez d aauktaroan ke sath durvyavahar ka arop lagakar adhikar kar liya (1850 ee.).
• loar barma tatha pigoo ka british samrajy mean vilay dalahauji ke samay mean hi kiya gaya. usake samay mean hi dvitiy aangl-barma yuddh l da gaya, jisaka parinam tha barma ki har tatha loar barma evan pigoo ka aangreji samrajy mean vilay (1852 ee.).

dalahauzi ke shasan kal ko usake vyapagat siddhant ke karan adhik yad kiya gaya hai. isane bharatiy riyasatoan ko tin bhagoan mean baanta:-

• pratham varg mean aisi riyasatean shamil thian jisane n to aangrezoan ki adhinata svikar ki thi aur n hi kar deti thian.
• dvitiy varg mean aisi riyasatean (bharatiy) sammilit thian jo pahale mugaloan evan peshavaoan ke adhin thian, par vartaman samay mean aangrezoan ke adhiannasth thian.
• tritiy varg mean aisi riyasatean shamil thian jise aangrezoan ne sanadoan dvara sthapit kiya tha.

dalahauji ne yah tay kiya ki pratham varg ya shreni mean riyasatean haian jinake god lene ke adhikar ko ham nahian chhin sakate. doosare varg ya shreni ke antargat ane vali riyasatoan ko hamari ajna se god lene ka adhikar mil sakega, ham is mamalean mean anumati de bhi sakate haian aur nahian bhi; vaise prayas anumati dene ka hi rahega, parantu tisari shreni ya varg ki riyasatoan ko uttaradhikar mean god lene ki anumati kadapi nahian di jani chahie. bharatiy riyasatoan ka in tin vargo mean vibhajan dalahauji ne apani marji se kiya. is prakar dalahauji ne apane vilay ki niti se bharat ki prakritik simaoan tak aangreji rajy ka vistar kar diya.

vilay kiye gaye rajy

dalahauzi dvara vilay kiye gaye rajy

rajy	varsh
satara	1848 ee.
jaitapur, sanbhalapur	1849 ee.
baghat	1850 ee.
udayapur	1852 ee.
jhaansi	1853 ee.
nagapur	1854 ee.
karauli	1855 ee.
avadh	1856 ee.

vyapagat siddhant ke anusar vilay kiya gaya pratham rajy satara tha. satara ke raja appa sahib ne apani mrityu ke kuchh samay poorv kampani ki anumati ke bina ek dattak putr bana liya tha. dalahauji ne ise ashrit rajy ghoshit kar isaka vilay kar liya. kamans sabha mean joseph hnoom ne is vilay ko "jisaki lathi usaki bhaians" ki sanjna di thi. isi prakar sanbhalapur ke raja narayan sianh, jhaansi ke raja gangadhar rav aur nagapur ke raja raghuji tritiy ke rajyoan ka vilay kramashah 1849, 1853 evan 1854 ee. mean unake putr ya uttaradhikari ke abhav mean kiya gaya. unhe dattak putr ki anumati nahian di gayi.

dalahauji ne upadhiyoan tatha peanshanoan par prahar karate hue 1853 ee. mean karnatak ke navab ki peanshan band karava di. 1855 ee. mean tanjaur ke raja ki mrityu hone par usaki upadhi chhin li. dalahauji mugal samrat ki bhi upadhi chhinana chahata tha, parantu saphal nahian ho saka. usane peshava bajirav dvitiy ki 1853 ee. mean mrityu hone par usake dattak putr nana sahab ko peanshan dene se mana kar diya. usaka kahana tha ki peanshan peshava ko nahian, balki bajirav dvitiy ko vyaktigat roop se di gayi thi. haidarabad ke nizam ka karz ada karane mean apane ko asamarth pakar 1853 ee. mean barar ka aangreji rajy mean vilay kar lene diya. 1856 ee. mean avadh par kushasan ka arop lagakar lakhanoo ke rejident autram ne avadh ka vilay aangreji samrajy mean karava diya, us samay avadh ka navab vajid ali shah tha.

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