शिव पुराण

shiv puran / Shiv Purana

[[chitr:Galteshwar-Mahadeva-Temple-3.jpg|garteshvar mahadev mandir, mathura
Garteshwar Mahadev Temple, Mathura|thumb|250px]] 'shiv puran' ka sambandh shaiv mat se hai. is puran mean pramukh roop se shiv-bhakti aur shiv-mahima ka prachar-prasar kiya gaya hai. pray: sabhi puranoan mean shiv ko tyag, tapasya, vatsaly tatha karoona ki moorti bataya gaya hai. kaha gaya hai ki shiv sahaj hi prasann ho jane vale evan manovaanchhit phal dene vale haian. kintu 'shiv puran' mean shiv ke jivan charitr par prakash dalate hue unake rahan-sahan, vivah aur unake putroan ki utpatti ke vishay mean vishesh roop se bataya gaya hai.

bhagavan shiv sadaiv lokopakari aur hitakari haian. tridevoan mean inhean sanhar ka devata bhi mana gaya hai. any devataoan ki pooja-archana ki tulana mean shivopasana ko atyant saral mana gaya hai. any devataoan ki bhaanti ko sugandhit pushpamalaoan aur mithe pakavanoan ki avashyakata nahian p dati . shiv to svachchh jal, bilv patr, kantile aur n khae jane vale paudhoan ke phal yatha-dhootara adi se hi prasann ho jate haian. shiv ko manoram veshabhoosha aur alankaroan ki avashyakata bhi nahian hai. ve to augh d baba haian. jatajoot dhari, gale mean lipate nag aur rudraksh ki malaean, sharir par baghambar, chita ki bhasm lagae evan hath mean trishool pak de hue ve sare vishv ko apani padchap tatha damaroo ki karnabhedi dhvani se nachate rahate haian. isilie unhean nataraj ki sanjna bhi di gee hai. unaki veshabhoosha se 'jivan' aur 'mrityu' ka bodh hota hai. shish par ganga aur chandr –jivan evan kala ke dyotam haian. sharir par chita ki bhasm mrityu ki pratik hai. yah jivan ganga ki dhara ki bhaanti chalate hue ant mean mrityu sagar mean lin ho jata hai.

'ramacharitamanas' mean tulasidas ne jinhean 'ashiv veshadhari' aur 'nana vahan nana bhesh' vale ganoan ka adhipati kaha hai, ve shiv jan-sulabh tatha adambar vihin vesh ko hi dharan karane vale haian. ve 'nilakanth' kahalate haian. kyoanki samudr manthan ke samay jab devagan evan asuragan adbhut aur bahumooly ratnoan ko hastagat karane ke lie mare ja rahe the, tab kalakoot vish ke bahar nikalane se sabhi pichhe hat ge. use grahan karane ke lie koee taiyar nahian hua. tab shiv ne hi us mahavinashak vish ko apane kanth mean dharan kar liya. tabhi se shiv nilakanth kahalae. kyoanki vish ke prabhav se unaka kanth nila p d gaya tha.

aise paropakari aur aparigrahi shiv ka charitr varnit karane ke lie hi is puran ki rachana ki gee hai. yah puran poornat: bhakti granth hai. puranoan ke many paanch vishayoan ka 'shiv puran' mean abhav hai. is puran mean kaliyug ke papakarm se grasit vyakti ko 'mukti' ke lie shiv-bhakti ka marg sujhaya gaya hai.

manushy ko nishkam bhav se apane samast karm shiv ko arpit kar dene chahie. vedoan aur upanishadoan mean 'pranav - Om' ke jap ko mukti ka adhar bataya gaya hai. pranav ke atirikt 'gayatri mantr' ke jap ko bhi shanti aur mokshakarak kaha gaya hai. parantu is puran mean ath sanhitaoan saka ullekh prapt hota hai, jo moksh karak haian. ye sanhitaean haian- vidyeshvar sanhita, rudr sanhita, shatarudr sanhita, kotirudr sanhita, uma sanhita, kailas sanhita, vayu sanhita (poorv bhag) aur vayu sanhita (uttar bhag).

is vibhajan ke sath hi sarvapratham 'shiv puran' ka mahatmy prakat kiya gaya hai. is prasang mean chanchula namak ek patita stri ki katha hai jo 'shiv puran' sunakar svayan sadgati ko prapt ho jati hai. yahi nahian, vah apane kumargagami pati ko bhi moksh dila deti hai. taduparant shiv pooja ki vidhi bataee gee hai. shiv katha sunane valoan ko upavas adi n karane ke lie kaha gaya hai. kyoanki bhookhe pet katha mean man nahian lagata. sath hi garishth bhojan, basi bhojan, vayu vikar utpann karane vali dalean, baiangan, mooli, pyaj, lahasun, gajar tatha maans-madira ka sevan varjit bataya gaya hai.

vidyeshvar sanhita

is sanhita mean shivaratri vrat, panchakrity, oankar ka mahatv, shivaliang ki pooja aur dan ke mahatv par prakash dala gaya hai. shiv ki bhasm aur rudraksh ka mahattv bhi bataya gaya hai. rudraksh jitana chhota hota hai, utana hi adhik phaladayak hota hai. khandit rudraksh, ki doan dvara khaya hua rudraksh ya golaee rahit rudraksh kabhi dharan nahian karana chahie. sarvottam rudraksh vah hai jisamean svayan hi chhed hota hai. sabhi varn ke manushyoan ko prat:kal ki bhor vela mean uthakar soory ki or mukh karake devataoan arthath shiv ka dhyan karana chahie. arjit dhan ke tin bhag karake ek bhag dhan vriddhi mean, ek bhag upabhog mean aur ek bhag dharm-karm mean vyay karana chahie. isake alava krodh kabhi nahian karana chahie aur n hi krodh utpann karane vale vachan bolane chahie.

rudr sanhita

rudr sanhita mean shiv ka jivan-charitr varnit hai. isamean narad moh ki katha, sati ka daksh-yajn mean deh tyag, parvati vivah, madan dahan, kartikey aur ganesh putroan ka janm, prithvi parikrama ki katha, shankhachoo d se yuddh aur usake sanhar adi ki katha ka vistar se ullekh hai. shiv pooja ke prasang mean kaha gaya hai ki doodh, dahi, madhu, ghrit aur ganne ke ras (panchamrit) se snan karake champak, patal, kaner, mallika tatha kamal ke pushp chadhaean. phir dhoop, dip, naivedy aur tambool arpit karean. isase shivaji prasann ho jate haian.

isi sanhita mean 'srishti khand' ke antargat jagath ka adi karan shiv ko mana gaya haian shiv se hi adya shakti 'maya' ka avirbhav hota haian phir shiv se hi 'brahma' aur 'vishnu' ki utpatti bataee gee hai.

shatarudr sanhita

is sanhita mean shiv ke any charitroan-hanuman, shvet mukh aur rrishabhadev ka varnan hai. unhean shiv ka avatar kaha gaya hai. shiv ki ath moortiyaan bhi bataee gee haian. in ath moortiyoan se bhoomi, jal, agni, pavan, antariksh, kshetraj, soory aur chandr adhishthit haian. is sanhita mean shiv ke lokaprasiddh 'arddhanarishvar' roop dharan karane ki katha bataee gee hai. yah svaroop srishti-vikas mean 'maithuni kriya' ke yogadan ke lie dhara gaya tha.

kotirudr sanhita

kotirudr sanhita mean shiv ke barah jyotirliangoan ka varnan hai. ye jyotirliangoan kramash: saurashtr mean somanath, shrishail mean mallikarjun, ujjayini mean mahakaleshvar, oankar mean amleshvar, himalay mean kedaranath, dakini mean bhimeshvar, kashi mean vishvanath, gomati tat par tryambakeshvar, chitabhoomi mean vaidyanath, setubandh mean rameshvar, darook van mean nageshvar aur shivalay mean ghushmeshvar haian. isi sanhita mean vishnu dvara shiv ke sahastr namoan ka varnan bhi hai. sath hi shivaratri vrat ke mahatmy ke sandarbh mean vyaghr aur satyavadi mrig parivar ki katha bhi hai.

uma sanhita

is sanhita mean shiv ke lie tap, dan aur jnan ka mahattv samajhaya gaya hai. yadi nishkam karm se tap kiya jae to usaki mahima svayan hi prakat ho jati hai. ajnan ke nash se hi siddhi prapt hoti hai. 'shiv puran' ka adhyayan karane se ajnan nasht ho jata hai. is sanhita mean vibhinn prakar ke papoan ka ullekh karate hue bataya gaya hai ki kaun se pap karane se kaun-sa narak prapt hota hai. pap ho jane par prayashchitt ke upay bhi batae ge haian.

kailas sanhita

kailas sanhita mean oankar ke mahattv ka varnan hai. isake alava yog ka vistar se ullekh hai. isamean vidhipoorvak shivopasana, nandi shraddh aur brahmayajnadi ki vivechana bhi ki gee hai. gayatri jap ka mahattv tatha vedoan ke baees mahavakyoan ke arth bhi samajhae ge haian.

vayu sanhita

is sanhita ke poorv aur uttar bhag mean pashupat vijnan, moksh ke lie shiv jnan ki pradhanata, havan, yog aur shiv-dhyan ka mahattv samajhaya gaya hai. shiv hi charachar jagath ke ekamatr devata haian. shiv ke 'nirgun' aur 'sagun' roop ka vivechan karate hue kaha gaya hai ki shiv ek hi haian, jo samast praniyoan par daya karate haian. is kary ke lie hi ve sagun roop dharan karate haian. jis prakar 'agni tattv' aur 'jal tattv' ko kisi roop vishesh mean rakhakar laya jata hai, usi prakar shiv apana kalyanakari svaroop sakar moorti ke roop mean prakat karake pi dit vyakti ke sammukh ate haian shiv ki mahima ka gan hi is puran ka pratipady vishay hai.