महाभियोग

mahabhiyog
uchchatam nyayalay|200px|center
vivaran	mahabhiyog rashtrapati, uchchatam nyayalay aur uchch nyayalay ke nyayadhishoan ko hatane ki ek prakriya hai.
ullekh	sanvidhan ke anuchchhed 61, 124 (4), (5), 217 aur 218 mean mahabhiyog ka ullekh milata hai.
prakriya	mahabhiyog prastav lokasabha mean pesh karane hetu kam se kam 100 saansadoan ke hastakshar tatha rajyasabha mean kam se kam 50 saansadoan ke hastakshar avashyak haian.
vishesh	kisi bhi nyayadhish ko pad se hatane ka adhikar keval rashtrapati ke pas hai.
sanbandhit lekh	uchchatam nyayalay, uchch nyayalay, bharat ke mukhy nyayadhish, bharat ka sanvidhan, rashtrapati ke vidhayi adhikar
any janakari	sanvidhan ki dhara 124 (4) mean ullekh hai ki mukhy nyayadhish ki niyukti ke bad use hatane ki prakriya sansad se hi sanbhav hai. sansad mean mahabhiyog prastav lakar ye prakriya shuroo ki ja sakati hai.

mahabhiyog (aangrezi: Impeachment) rashtrapati, uchchatam nyayalay v uchch nyayalay ke nyayadhishoan ko hatane ki ek prakriya hai. isaka ullekh sanvidhan ke anuchchhed 61, 124 (4), (5), 217 aur 218 mean milata hai. suprim kort aur haeekort ke jaj par kadachar, akshamata aur bhrashtachar ko lekar sansad ke kisi sadan mean nyayadhish ke khilaf mahabhiyog laya ja sakata hai.

prakriya

mahabhiyog prastav sirf tab laya ja sakata hai, jab sanvidhan ka ullanghan, durvyavahar ya akshamata sabit ho gayi ho. niyamoan ke anusar, mahabhiyog prastav sansad ke kisi bhi sadan mean laya ja sakata hai. kiantu-

1. lokasabha mean ise pesh karane ke lie kam se kam 100 saansadoan ke hastakshar avashyak haian.
2. rajyasabha mean kam se kam 50 saansadoan ke hastakshar zaroori hote haian.

isake bad agar us sadan ke spikar ya adhyaksh us prastav ko svikar kar lean, ve ise kharij bhi kar sakate haian; to tin sadasyoan ki ek samiti banakar aropoan ki jaanch karavaee jati hai. us samiti mean ek uchchatam nyayalay ke nyayadhish, ek uchch nyayalay ke mukhy nyayadhish aur ek aise prakhyat vyakti ko shamil kiya jata hai, jinhean spikar ya adhyaksh us mamale ke lie sahi manean.

mahabhiyog sadan mean

yadi yah prastav donoan sadanoan mean laya gaya hai to donoan sadanoan ke adhyaksh milakar ek sanyukt jaanch samiti banate haian. donoan sadanoan mean prastav dene ki soorat mean bad ki tarikh mean diya gaya prastav radd mana jata hai. jaanch poori ho jane ke bad samiti apani riport spikar ya adhyaksh ko sauanp deti hai, jo use apane sadan mean pesh karate haian. yadi jaanch mean padadhikari doshi sabit hoan to sadan mean votiang karaee jati hai. prastav parit hone ke lie use sadan ke kul saansadoan ka bahumat ya vot dene vale saansadoan mean se kam se kam do tihaee ka samarthan milana zaroori hai. yadi donoan sadan mean ye prastav parit ho jae to ise manzoori ke lie rashtrapati ke pas bheja jata hai. kisi jaj ko hatane ka adhikar sirf rashtrapati ke pas hai.

sanvidhan mean mahabhiyog

• sanvidhan ki dhara 124 (4) kahati hai ki mukhy nyayadhish ki niyukti ke bad use hatane ki prakriya sansad se hi sanbhav hai. sansad mean mahabhiyog prastav lakar ye prakriya shuroo ki ja sakati hai.
• mahabhiyog prastav ko sansad ke donoan sadanoan mean do tihaee bahumat se pas kiya jana chahie.
• sath hi rashtrapati ki manjoori bhi milani chahie.
• mahabhiyog ke lie pukhta adhar bhi hona chahie.
• isake bad rashtrapati apane hastakshar se is bare mean adesh jari karate haian.
• anyatha mukhy nyayadhish 65 sal ki umr tak apane pad par bane raheange.
• jaj inkv aauyari ekt, 1968 kahata hai ki mukhy nyayadhish ya any kisi jaj ko sirph durachar ya akshamata ke adhar par hi hataya ja sakata hai, lekin durachar aur akshamata ki paribhasha spasht nahian hai. halaanki isamean aparadhik gatividhi ya any nyayik anaitikata shamil hai.

asaphal mahabhiyog

bharat mean aj tak kisi nyayadhish ko mahabhiyog lakar hataya nahian gaya, kyoanki isase pahale ke sare mamaloan mean karravaee kabhi poori hi nahian ho saki. ya to prastav ko bahumat nahian mila, ya phir jajoan ne usase pahale hi istifa de diya. halaanki is par vivad hai.

• suprim kort ke nyayadhish vi. ramasvami ko mahabhiyog ka samana karane vala pahala nyayadhish mana jata hai. unake khilaf mee 1993 mean mahabhiyog prastav laya gaya tha. yah prastav lokasabha mean gir gaya, kyoanki us vaqt satta mean maujood kaangres ne votiang mean hissa nahian liya aur prastav ko do-tihaee bahumat nahian mila.
• kolakata uchch nyayalay ke nyayadhish saumitr sen desh ke doosare aise nyayadhish the, jinhean 2011 mean anuchit vyavahar ke lie mahabhiyog ka samana karana p da. yah bharat ka akela aisa mahabhiyog ka mamala tha, jo rajyasabha mean pas hokar lokasabha tak pahuancha; halaanki lokasabha mean is par votiang hone se pahale hi jastis sen ne istifa de diya.

itihas mean mahabhiyog

• varsh 2011 mean hi sikkim uchch nyayalay ke mukhy nyayadhish pi.di. dinakaran ke khilaf bhi mahabhiyog lane ki taiyari huee thi, lekin sunavaee ke kuchh din pahale hi dinakaran ne apane pad se istifa de diya.
• 2015 mean gujarat uchch nyayalay ke jastis je.bi. pardivala ke khilaf jati se ju di anuchit tippani karane ke arop mean mahabhiyog lane ki taiyari huee thi, lekin unhoanne usase pahale hi apani tippani vapis le li.
• 2015 mean hi madhy pradesh uchch nyayalay ke jastis es.ke. gangel ke khilaf bhi mahabhiyog lane ki taiyari huee thi, lekin jaanch ke dauran un par lage arop sabit nahian ho sake.
• aandhr pradesh/telangana uchch nyayalay ke jastis si.vi. nagarjun reddi ke khilaf 2016 aur 2017 mean do bar mahabhiyog lane ki koshish ki gee lekin in prastavoan ko kabhi zaroori samarthan nahian mila.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

bahari k diyaan

• kya hota hai mahabhiyog prastav, ab tak kabhi poora nahian hua
• mahabhiyog evan usake anupalan ki prakriya
• janie kya hota hai mahabhiyog