ग्रीन हाउस प्रभाव

grin haus prabhav evan bhoomandaliy ooshmikaran

prithvi par ane vale saur vikiran ko sooryatap kahate hai. yah laghu tarangoan ke roop mean hota hai. sooryatap ke vayumandal mean pravesh karane par unaka kuchh bhag paravartit ho jata hai, kuchh bhag ko vayumandal dvara avashoshit kar liya jata hai tatha shesh bhag prithvi ki satah par pahuanchata hai. prithvi par ooshma ka ek sookshm santulan hai. sooryatap ki 100 ikaiyoan me se 35 ikaiyaan paravartit hokar antariksh mean vilin ho jati hai, 17 ikaee prithvi ki satah se vikarit hoti hai tatha 48 ikaiyoan ko vayumandal vikirit kar deta hai. is prakar ooshma ki prapti evan hani barabar ho jati hai.

vayumandal sooryatap ki 14 ikaeeyoan ko avashoshit karata hai tatha 34 ikaeeyaan parthiv vikiran se usamean a jati hai. is prakar kul 48 ikaeeyaan ho jati haian. vayumandal oorja ki in 48 ikaeeyo ko vapas antariksh mean vikirit kar deta hai. prithvi ki satah sooryatap ki 21 ikaeeyo ko avashoshit karati hai tatha utani hi matra vapas vikirit karati hai, isalie kaha ja sakata hai ki vayumandal sidhe sooryatap se garm nahian hota, balki parthiv vikiran se garm hota hai.

thande pradesho mean sabjiyaan aur phaloan ke paudhe glas haus (grin haus) mean ugae jate haian. glas haus ka antarik bhag bahar ki apeksha garm rahata hai, kyoanki kaanch sooryatap ko andar to ane deta hai kiantu parthiv vikiran ko tatkal bahar nahian nikalane deta. prithvi ko sab or se gherane vala vayumandal grin haus ki bhaanti kary karata hai. vayumandal sooryatap ko apane mean se gujarane deta hai tatha parthiv vikiran ko avashoshit kar leta hai. ise vayumandal ka grin haus prabhav kahate haian.

audyogikaran evan vanoan ke vinash se paryavaran me karban dai aksaid ki matra badhati ja rahi hai. badhi huee karban daee aksaid ne grin haus prabhav ko janm diya hai. vayumandal mean karban daee aksaid ki ek chadar si bani hai jisaki vajah se soory ke prakash ke sath prithvi par aee inphraired rediyo ektiv kiranean poornatayah vapas nahian ho pati aur karban daee aksaid mean jabt ho jati hai. is tapiy oorja ke vayumandal mean kaid ho jane se prithvi ke ausat tapaman me vriddhi hoti hai, jise 'bhoomandaliy ooshmikaran' athava 'vaishvik tapan' kahate haian. vartaman mean jalavayu parivartan se utpann bhoomandalaliy ooshmikaran (glabal varmiang) ek sarvabhaumik samasya hai. is samay vishv ka koee bhi desh isase achhoota nahian hai. grin haus gaisoan ke utsarjan se prithvi ka tapaman nirantaran badhata ja raha hai.

bhoomandaliy ooshmikaran ke lie pramukh karban daee aksaid gais jimmedar hai parantu mithen, klorophloro karban, naitras aksaid, ozon, salphar daee aksaid tatha jalavashp bhi isake lie jimmedar hai. inhean 'grin haus' gaisean kaha jata hai. bhoomandaliy ushmikaran mean karban daee aksaid ka yogadan 50 pratishat, mithen ka 18 pratishat, kloro phloro karban ka 14 pratishat evan naitras aauksaid ka 6 pratishat hai. klorophloro karban ka avishkar amerika mean 1930-31 mean hua tha. ajvalanashil, rasayanik roop se nishkriy tatha avishakt hone ke karan isaki pahachan ek adarsh prashitak ke roop mean ki gee hai. rephrijaretar, vatanukool yantroan, ilaiktrik, plastik, dava udyogoan evan erosol mean isaka istemal vyapak roop mean hota hai.

ailuminiyam udyog dvara si.eph.si.-14 (tetra phloro methen) evan si.eph.si.-16 (tetra phloro eethen) nistarit hoti hai. isaki dharati ko garmane ki kshamata karban daee aksaid ki apeksha 800 guna adhik hoti hai. ausatan 1 tan eluminiyam ke utpadan se 1.6 kigra si.eph.si.-14 evan 0.2 kigra si.eph.si-16 gaisean utpann hoti haian. kailiphorniya vishvavidyalay se sambaddh sheravud rolaiand tatha meriyo mobina ne 1974 mean apane anusadhanoan se siddh kiya ki si.eph.si. mean maujood klorin ozon ke anuoan ke vighatan ka karan banati hai arthath vayumandal mean upasthit ozon ki parat ko kshatigrast karati hai.

grin haus gaisoan mean karban daee aauksaid sarvadhik mahattvapoorn gais hai. karban chakr ke madhyam se vayumandal mean isaka star samany bana rahata hai. parantu pichhale kuchh dashakoan se aisa nahian ho raha hai. vayumandal mean nirantar isaki matra badhati ja rahi hai. jivashm eeandhan ka adhik prayog, nirvanikaran evan bhoomi upayog mean parivartan isake mukhy srot haian. iantar gavarnameantal painal aaun klaimet cheanj ki ek riport ke anusar 1880-1890 mean isaki matra lagabhag 290 parts par miliyan thi jo 1990 mean badhakar 340 pipiem evan varsh 2000 mean 400 pipiem ho gee. vayumandal mean mithen gais ki matra bhi chianta janak roop mean badh rahi hai. vigat 100 varshoan mean mithen gais ka sankendran do gune se adhik ho gaya hai. kloro phloro karban, naitras aksaid evan salphar daee aauksaid adi gaisoan ke parinam mean bhi nirantar tivr vriddhi ho rahi hai. grin haus gaisoan mean ho rahi is vriddhi se vayumandal mean vikirano ke avashoshan karane ki kshamata nirantar badh rahi hai. isase prithvi ke tapaman mean lagatar vriddhi ho rahi hai. ise hi 'bhoomandaliy ooshmikaran' athava 'vaishvik tapan' ke roop mean soochit kiya jata hai.

shikago vishvavidyalay ke paryavaraniy vaijnanik d aau. vi. ramanathan ke anusar prithvi ka ausat tapaman, jo grin haus gaiso ke karan lagabhag 11.5° selsiyas badh chuka hai aur ab pradooshanakari gais vayumandal mean n bhi chho di jae to varsh 2030 tak 1980 ki apeksha prithvi ka tapaman 5° selsiyas badh jaega. is tapaman vriddhi ke parinam bhayanak hoange. badhate tapaman se uttari amarika mean jalavrishti atikshin ho jegi evan bhayankar garm havaoan ka prakop hoga. sanyukt rajy amerika ke uttari praantoan mean vibhats samudri toophanoan ke ane ki sambhavanae badh jaeangi. badhe tapaman ke karan dhruvoan ki barph pighalane lagegi, jisase samudr tal oopar uth jaega, parinam svaroop maladvip aur bangaladesh jaise anek desh jalamagn ho jaeange.

prithvi par badhate tapaman hi jalavayu parivartan ke lie jimmedar haian. jalavayu mean ho rahe parivartan se registan mean badh a rahi hai to saghan varsha vale kshetroan mean sookha p d raha hai. badhate tapaman se him kshetroan ke gleshiyar pighal rahe haian. isase tatiy sthanoan evan dvipoan ka astitv khatare mean p d gaya hai. jalavayu parivartan ke karan peyajal aur sianchaee ke lie jal ki upalabdhata bhi prabhavit hone ki sambhavana hai. sath hi, sianchaee par adharit bharat jaise vikasashil rashtroan mean phasal chakr mean parivartan hone ka khatara hai.

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