जलाशय
jalashay prithvi par sthit jal ke sanchay ko kahate haian, chahe vah prakritik ho, athava kritrim. kiantu prastut sandarbh mean jalashay ka abhipray keval manav krit jalashayoan se hai, jinaka vivaran niche prastut hai:
prachin sabhyata
manushy jivanayapan ke liye sada se jal aur bhoomi par ashrit raha hai. isi karan sabhyata ka ganesh nadi tatoan par hi hua. kiantu, jyoan-jyoan manav samaj ka vikas hota gaya, tyoan-tyoan vah nadi tatoan se door sthaloan par bhi nivas karane laga, atev jal sanchit karane ke sadhan jutae jane lage aur jahaan kahian sanbhav ho saka manushy ne apane upayog ke liye ya to prithvi ke bhitari staroan mean chhipe hue jal ko nikalane ke liye kuean banae athava tal ya sarovar banakar jal sanchit kiya. prachin samay mean bane is prakar ke jalashay sansar ke pray: samast deshoan mean pae jate haian. aisa hi ek jalashay madhy pradesh ki rajadhani bhopal mean hai. dakshin bharat mean, jahaan kuean sadharan: nahian ban sakate, aise sahastroan mean jalashay pae jate haian, jinhean shatabdiyoan poorv manushy ne apana tatha apane pashuoan ka nirvah aur yathasanbhav kheti badi karane ke liye banaya tha.[1]
jalashayoan ka vistar
adhunik yug mean in jalashayoan ka vistar kiya jane laga hai. ooanche-ooanche baandhoan ka nirman hone laga, aur badhoan dvara banae ge jalashayoan se bahumukhi yojanaoan ka sootrapat hua. udaharan ke liye kaveri nadi par bane metoor baandh ke jalashay se b di matra mean bijali ka utpadan kiya jane laga aur madras rajy mean is bijali ka b de vistar se upayog hua. vartaman vikas yug mean bahut si aisi yojanaean banian jinase b de b de jalashayoan dvara bijali utpadan tatha bhoosianchan ke liye sanchit jal ka upayog kiya ja sake. aisi yojanaoan mean mukhyat: damodar ghati ke jalashay, bhak da baandh ka jalashay, hirakud baandh ka jalashay, tuangabhadra, nagarjun, koyana, rihand adi ki ganana ki ja sakati hai. inake atirikt anyany bahutere chhote b de jalashay banae ja chuke haian. any deshoan mean bhi bahut b de-b de jalashayoan ka nirman hua, jaise amarika ka boldar daim jalashay tatha sasta daim jalashay nagaroan mean jalavitaran ke liye bhi jalashay banae jate haian. aise jalashayoan mean pani ooanchaee par sanchit kiya jata hai, jisase vitaran naliyoan mean pani sucharu roop se pahuanch sake. is kism ke jalashay kankrit, ispat adi ke bane hote haian. inamean avashyak matra mean jal sanchit kiya jata hai, jisase samany roop se jal upalabdh ho sake. vaise bahuteri jagahoan mean santulan jalashay bhi banae jate haian, jisase jalavitaran mean suvidha ho sake aur vitaran kshetroan mean pani ka dabav saman rahe.[1]
upayog evan mahatv
jalashayoan ke any upayog bhi haian. bahut se kshetroan mean machhali adi ke prajanan ke nimitt jalashayoan ka upayog kiya jata hai, jisase samaj ko machhali ke roop mean bhojy samagri upalabdh ho sake. bharat ke poorvi pradeshoan mean, jaise bangal mean, isaka b da prachalan hai. aur bhi kshetroan mean jalashay ka upayog is prayojan ke liye kiya ja raha hai. isake atirikt jalashayoan mean amod-pramod ke sadhan bahudha jutae jate hai. bahut se suandar jalashay isake aantagart samay-samay par banate rahe haian. bharat mean devalayoan ke samip aise jalashay pae jate haian aur unako vishesh mahatv bhi diya jata hai. bahut se sthanoan par prakritik sauandary badhane ke liye bhi jalashay banae ge haian, jaise udayapur ya nainital ke jalashay, jahaan naukavihar b da anand dayak hota hai.
labh
jalashayoan ka ek apratyaksh labh yah hai , ki unamean sanchit jal ka risav dhire-dhire bhoomi mean hota rahata hai, jisake dvara bhoogarbh mean sthit jalastrotoan mean jal pahuanchata rahata hai, jo door-door sthaloan par koopoan dvara manaviy avashyakataoan ki poorti ke liye nikala jata hai. madhy bharat aur dakshini pathar ke pradeshoan mean bahut se jalashay isalie banae jate haian, ki varsha rritu mean unamean jal sanchit hokar bhoogarbh mean sthit srotoan mean jal plavit kar sake, jisase varsha ke bad koopoan mean jal upalabdh ho sake. at: jalashayoan se b de labh haian aur unaka vikas manaviy vikas ke sath poornataya sanbaddh hai.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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