जैन आचार-मीमांसा

jain dharm ke anusar adhyatmik vikas ki poornata hetu shravak ya grihasthadharm (shravakachar) poorvardh hai aur shraman ya munidharm (shramanachar) uttarardh. shramanadharm ki nianv grihasth dharm par mazaboot hoti hai. yahaan grihasth dharm ki mahattvapoorn bhoomika isalie bhi hai kyoanki shravakachar ki bhoomika mean ek samany grihasth tyag aur bhog-in donoan ko samanvayatmak drishti mean rakhakar adhyatmik vikas mean agrasar hota hai. at: prastut prasang mean sarvapratham shravakachar ka svaroop vivechan avashyak hai. yadyapi shravak arthath ek sadh grihasth ke achar ka kitana mahattv hai? yah shravakachar vishayak shatadhik b de-b de prachin aur arvachin granthoan ki upalabdhi se hi pata chal jata hai. isi drishti se ati sankshep mean yahaan shravakachar arthath shravakoan ki samany achar paddhati prastut hai-

shravakachar:shravakoan ki achar-paddhati

jain parampara mean achar ke star par shravak aur sadhu-ye do shreniyaan haian. shravak grihasth hota hai, use jivan ke sangharsh mean har prakar ka kary karana p data hai. jivikoparjan ke sath hi atmotthan evan samajotthan ke kary karane p date haian. at: use aise hi acharagat niyamoan adi ke palan ka vidhan kiya gaya, jo vyavahary hoan kyoanki siddhantoan ki vastavikata kriyatmak jivan mean hi charitarth ho sakati hai. isalie shravakochit achar-vichar ke pratipadan aur paripalan ka vidhan shravakachar ki visheshata hai. shravakachar adarsh jivan ke uttarottar vikas ki jivan shaili pradan karata hai. shravakachar ke paripalan het sadhu varg sada se shravakoan ka preranasrot raha hai. vastut: sadhu rag-dvesh se pare samaj ka sanrakshak hota hai, vah samaj hit mean shravakoan ko chhote-chhote svarthoan ke tyag karane evan samata bhav ki shiksha deta hai.

sanskar aur unaka mahattv

sanskar shabd ka prayog shiksha, sanskriti, prashikshan, saujany poornata, vyakaran sambandhi shuddhi, dharmik krity, sanskaran ya parishkaran ki kriya, prabhavashilata, pratyasmaran ka karan, smaranashakti par p dane vala prabhav abhimantran adi anek arthoan mean hota hai. samanyat: sanskar vah hai jisake hone se koee padarth ya vyakti kisi kary ke lie yogy ho jata hai arthath sanskar ve kriyaean evan vidhiyaan haian jo vyakti ko kisi kary ko karane ki adhikarik yogyata pradan karati haian. shuchita ka sannivesh man ka parishkar, dharmarth-sadacharan, shuddhi-sannidhan adi aisi yogyataaian haian jo shastravihit kriyaoan ke karane se prapt hoti haian. sanskar shabd un anek dharmik kriya-kalapoan ko bhi vyapt kar leta hai jo shuddhi, prayashchitt, vrat adi ke antargat ate haian.

sanskaroan ki sankhya

digambar parampara ke puranoan mean sanskar ke lie 'kriya' shabd ka prayog kiya gaya hai. yah saty hai ki sanskar shabd samanyataya dharmik vidhi-vidhan ya kriya ka hi soochak hai. digambar jain parampara ke achary jinasen krit 'adipuran' mean vividh sanskaroan ka ullekh karate hue inhean tin bhagoan mean vibhajit kiya gaya hai. usake anusar

garbhanvay kriyaean-53,
dikshanvay kriyaean-48, aur
kartranvay kriyaean-7 haian.

is prakar isamean kul milakar 108 sanskaroan tak ki charcha hai. shvetambar jain parampara ke vardhamanasoorikrit 'acharadinakar' mean sanskaroan ki charcha karate hue unaki sankhya 40 bataee gee hai, jinamean se 16 sanskar grihasthoan ke, 16 sanskar yatiyoan ke evan 8 samany sanskar haian.

adipuran aur usamean pratipadit sanskar

sanskar, varn vyavastha adi ka vivechan achary jinasen ne mahapuran ke pratham bhag arthath adipuran mean vistar se kiya hai. vastut: mahapuran ke mukhy do khand haian-

adipuran aur
uttarapuran.

sampoorn adipuran ke 47 parvoan mean se 42 parv poorn tatha 43vean parv ke tin shlok tak athavian-navian shati ke bhagavajjinasenachary dvara rachit haian aur isake avashisht paanch parv tatha uttarapuran ki rachana jinasenachary ke bad unake pramukh shishy gunabhadrachary ke dvara ki gee. ek grihasth shravak ko samaj ki mukhy dhara se alag hue bina naitik, adarsh aur sanskarit jivan jine ke lie achary jinasen ne sanskar paddhati mukhyat: tin bhagoan mean vibhakt ki-

garbhanvay kriya,
dikshanvay kriya,
kriyanvay kriya.

garbhanvay kriya

isamean shravak ya grihasth ki 53 kriyaoan, sanskaroan ka varnan hai. vah is prakar hai :

adhan kriya (sanskar),
priti kriya,
supriti,
dhriti,
mod,
priyodbhav jatakarm,
namakarm ya namakaran,
bahiryan,
nishadya,
annaprashan,
vyushti (varshagaanth),
keshavay,
lipisankhyan,
upaniti (yajnopavit),
vratavaran,
vivah,
varnalabh,
kulacharya,
grihishita,
prashanti,
grihatyag,
dikshagrahan,
jinaroopata,
maunadhyayan,
tirthakridbhavana,
ganopagrahan,
svagurusthanavapti,
nisangatvatmabhavana,
yoganirvanasamprapti,
yoganirvanasadhan,
indropapad,
indrabhishek,
indravidhidan,
sukhoday,
indratyag,
avatar,
hiranyotkrishtajanmagrahan,
mandarabhishek,
gurupoojan,
yauvarajyakriya,
svarajyaprapti,
dishaanjay,
chakrabhishek,
samrajy,
nishkrant,
yogasammah,
arhanty kriya,
viharakriya,
yogatyag,
agranirvritti, tin any kriya (sanskar) is prakar garbh se lekar nirvan paryant 53 kriyaoan (sanskaroan) ka kathan kiya gaya hai.

dikshanvay kriya

vah is prakar hai-

avatar,
vrittalabh,
sthanalabh,
ganagrah,
poojaradhy,
punyayajn,
dridhacharya,
upayogita,
upaniti,
vratacharya,
vratavataran,
panigrahan
varnalabh,
kulacharya,
grihishita,
prashantata,
grihatyag,
dikshady,
jinaroopatv,
dikshanvay.

kriyanvay kriya

sajjati: sadgrihasthatvan, parivrajyan surendrata.
samrajyan padamarhantyan, nirvanan cheti saptakamh॥

sajjatitv (satkulatv)
sadgrihasthata,
parivrajy,
surendrapadatv,
samrajyapad,
arhantapad,
nirvanapadaprapti-ye sat kriyanvay kriyaean haian.

dharmik evan sanskarit jivan paddhati ke nirman mean in samast kriyaoan ka mahattv hai. in kriyaoan (sanskaroan) mean dev-shastr-guru ki pooja bhakti ka yathayogy-vidhan hai.

pramukh solah sanskaroan ka svaroop aur vidhi

jin sanskaroan se susanskrit manav dvij (sanskarit shravak) kaha jata hai, ve sanskar solah hote haian^[1]-

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ shodashasanskar : san0 evan pr0 jinavani karyalay, kalakatta sanskaraprakaran. san0 narendr-kumar jain

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] shodashasanskar : san0 evan pr0 jinavani karyalay, kalakatta sanskaraprakaran. san0 narendr-kumar jain

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