टीका (वैक्सीन)
| chitr:Disamb2.jpg tika | ek bahuvikalpi shabd hai any arthoan ke lie dekhean:- tika (bahuvikalpi) |
tika (aangrezi: Vaccine) kisi jiv ke sharir ka upayog karake banaya gaya dravy hai, jisake prayog se sharir mean kisi rog vishesh se l dane ki kshamata badh jati hai. ye sharir ke 'imyoon sistam' yani pratiraksha pranali ko sankraman (akramanakari vayaras) ki pahachan karane ke lie prerit karate haian aur unake khilaf sharir mean eantib aaudi banate haian jo bahari hamale se l dane mean hamare sharir ki madad karati haian.
tika (vaiksin) lagane ka nakaratmak asar kam hi logoan par hota hai, lekin kuchh logoan ko isake said ifekts ka samana karana p d sakata hai. halka bukhar ya kharish hona, isase samany dushprabhav haian. vaiksin lagane ke kuchh vaqt bad hi vyakti us bimari se l dane ki imyooniti vikasit kar lete haian. amerika ke seantar aauf diziz kantrol eand priveanshan (sidisi) ka kahana hai ki vaiksin bahut zyada shaktishali hoti haian kyoanki ye adhikaansh davaoan ke viparit, kisi bimari ka ilaj nahian karatian, balki unhean hone se rokati haian.[1]
kitani surakshit
tike ka ek praranbhik roop chin ke vaijnanikoan ne 10vian shatabdi mean khoj liya tha. lekin 1796 mean edavard jenar ne paya ki chechak ke halke sankraman ki ek doz chechak ke ganbhir sankraman se suraksha de rahi hai. unhoanne is par aur adhyayan kiya. unhoanne apane is siddhaant ka parikshan bhi kiya aur unake nishkarshoan ko do sal bad prakashit kiya gaya. tabhi 'vaiksin' shabd ki utpatti huee. vaiksin ko laitin bhasha ke 'Vacca' se gadha gaya jisaka arth 'gay' hota hai.
vaiksin ko adhunik duniya ki sabase b di chikitsakiy upalabdhiyoan mean se ek mana jata hai. 'vishv svasthy sangathan' ke anusar, vaiksin ki vajah se har sal qarib bis se tis lakh logoan ki jan bach pati hai. bazar mean laye jane se pahale vaiksin ki ganbhirata se jaanch ki jati hai. pahale prayogashalaoan mean aur phir janavaroan par inaka parikshan kiya jata hai. usake bad hi manushyoan par vaiksin ka trayal hota hai. adhikaansh deshoan mean sthaniy dava niyamakoan se anumati milane ke bad hi logoan ko vaiksin (tika) lagaee jati haian.
tikakaran
tikakaran mean kuchh jokhim zaroor haian, lekin sabhi davaoan ki hi tarah, isake fayadoan ke samane vo kuchh bhi nahian. udaharan ke lie, bachapan ki kuchh bimariyaan jo ek pidhi pahale tak bahut samany thian, vaiksin ke karan tezi se lupt ho gee haian. chechak jisane lakhoan logoan ki jan li, vo ab poori tarah khatm ho gayi hai. lekin safalata prapt karane mean aksar dashakoan lag jate haian. vaishvik tikakaran abhiyan shuroo hone ke lagabhag 30 sal bad afrika ko akela poliyo mukt desh ghoshit kiya gaya. yah bahut lanba samay hai. visheshajnoan ne chetavani di hai ki kovid-19 ke khilaf poori duniya mean paryapt tikakaran karane mean mahinoan ya sanbhavatah varshoan ka samay lag sakata hai, jisake bad hi ham samany sthiti mean laut sakeange.[1]
kaise banaya jata hai?
jab ek naya rogajanak (paithojan) jaise ki ek jivanu, vishanu, parajivi ya fangas sharir mean pravesh karata hai to sharir ka ek up-bhag jise eantijan kaha jata hai, vo usase l dane ke lie eantib aaudi ka utpadan shuroo kar deta hai. ek vaiksin mean kisi jiv ke kuchh kamazor ya nishkriy aansh hote haian jo bimari ka karan banate haian. ye sharir ke 'imyoon sistam' yani pratiraksha pranali ko sankraman (akramanakari vayaras) ki pahachan karane ke lie prerit karate haian aur unake khilaf sharir mean eantib aaudi banate haian jo bahari hamale se l dane mean hamare sharir ki madad karati haian. paranparik tike sharir ke bahari hamale se l dane ki kshamata ko vikasit kar dete haian. lekin tike vikasit karane ke lie ab naye tariqe bhi istemal kiye ja rahe haian. korona ki kuchh vaiksin banane mean bhi in naye tariqoan ko azamaya gaya hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 korona vaiksin, vo sari batean jo apako janani chahie (hiandi) bbc.com. abhigaman tithi: 13 march, 2020.