दमा

[[chitr:Asthma.gif|thumb|asthama grast pheph de]] dama athava asthama (aangrezi: Asthma) ek ganbhir bimari hai, jo shvas nalikaoan ko prabhavit karati hai. shvas nalikaean pheph de se hava ko aandar-bahar karati haian. asthama hone par in nalikaoan ki bhitari divar mean soojan hota hai. yah soojan nalikaoan ko behad sanvedanashil bana deta hai aur kisi bhi bechain karane vali chij ke sparsh se yah tikhi pratikriya karata hai. jab nalikaean pratikriya karati haian, to unamean sankuchan hota hai aur us sthiti mean pheph de mean hava ki kam matra jati hai. isase khaansi, nak bajana, chhati ka k da hona, rat aur subah mean saans lene mean takaliph adi jaise lakshan paida hote haian. asthama ko thik nahian kiya ja sakata, lekin is par niyantran paya ja sakata hai, taki dame se pi dit vyakti samany jivan vyatit kar sake. dame ka daura p dane se shvas nalikaean poori tarah band ho sakati haian, jisase sharir ke mahatvapoorn aangoan ko aksijan ki apoorti band ho sakati hai. yah chikitsakiy roop se apat sthiti hai. dame ke daure se marij ki maut bhi ho sakati hai.

asthama ka arth

asthama yoonani shabd hai, jisaka arth hai – ‘jaldi-jaldi saans lena’ ya ‘saans lene ke lie jor lagana’. jab kisi vyakti ko asthama ka daura p data hai to vah samany saans ke lie bhi gahari-gahari ya lanbi-lanbi saans leta hai; nak se li gee saans kam p dati hai to muanh kholakar saans leta hai. vastav mean rogi ko saans lene ki bajay saans bahar nikalane mean jyada kathinaee hoti hai, kyoanki pheph de ke bhitar ki chhoti-chhoti vayu naliyaan jak d jati haian aur dooshit vayu ko bahar nikalane ke lie unhean jitana siku dana chahie utana ve nahian siku d patian. parinamasvaroop rogi ke pheph de phool jate haian, kyoanki rogi agali saans bhitar khianchane se pahale khianchi huee saans ki hava ko thik se bahar nahian nikal pata. asthama ya asthama ek athava ek se adhik padarthoan (elarjen) ke prati sharirik pranali ki asvikriti (elarji) hai. isaka arth hai ki hamare sharir ki pranali un vishesh padarthoan ko sahan nahian kar pati aur jis roop mean apani pratikriya ya virodh prakat karati hai, use elarji kahate haian. hamari shvasan pranali jab kinhian elarjeans ke prati elarji prakat karati hai to vah asthama hota hai. yah saans sanbandhi rogoan mean sabase adhik kashtadayi hai. asthama ke rogi ko saans phoolane ya saans n ane ke daure bar-bar p date haian aur un dauroan ke bich vah akasar poori tarah samany bhi ho jata hai.

dama ke lakshan

dama ya to dhire-dhire ubharata hai athava ekaek bh dakata hai. jab dama ya asthama ekaek bh dakata hai to usase pahale khaansi ka daura hota hai, kiantu jab asthama dhire-dhire ubharata hai to usase pahale amataur par shvas pranali mean sankraman ho jaya karata hai. asthama ka daura jab tej hota hai to dil ki dh dakan aur saans lene ki raphtar donoan badh jati haian tatha rogi bechain v thaka hua mahasoos karata hai. use khaansi a sakati hai, sine mean jak dan mahasoos ho sakati hai, bahut adhik pasina a sakata hai aur ulati bhi ho sakati hai. dame ke daure ke samay sine se ane vali saany-saany ki avaz tang shvas naliyoan ke bhitar se hava bahar nikalane ke karan ati hai. asthama ke sabhi rogiyoan ko rat ke samay, khasakar sote hue, jyada kathinaee mahasoos hoti hai.

• chhiank ana
• rat ya jaldi subah bahut tej hota hai.
• thandi jagahoan par ya vyayam karane se ya bhishan garmi mean tikha hota hai.
• davaoan ke upayog se thik hota hai, kyoanki isase nalikaean khulati haian.
• balagam ke sath ya bagair khaansi hoti hai.
• saans phoolana, jo vyayam ya kisi gatividhi ke sath tej hoti hai.
• sharir ke aandar khianchav (saans lene ke sath ridh ke pas tvacha ka khianchav)

dama ke karan

thumb|dama ke karan dama kee karanoan se ho sakata hai. anek logoan mean yah elarji mausam, khady padarth, davaiyaan itr, paraphyoom jaisi khushaboo aur kuchh any prakar ke padarthoan se ho sakata haian; kuchh log ruee ke barik reshe, ate ki dhool, kagaj ki dhool, kuchh phooloan ke parag, pashuoan ke bal, phaphooand aur k aaukaroj jaise ki de ke prati elarjit hote haian. jin khady padarthoan se amataur par elarji hoti hai unamean gehooan, ata, doodh, ch aaukalet, bians ki phaliyaan, aloo, sooar aur gay ka maans ityadi shamil haian. kuchh any logoan ke sharir ka rasayan asamany hota hai, jisamean unake sharir ke eanjaim ya pheph doan ke bhitar maansapeshiyoan ki doshapoorn prakriya shamil hoti hai. anek bar asthama elarjik aur gair-elarjivali sthitiyoan ke mel se bh dakata hai, jisamean bhavanatmak dabav, vayu pradooshan, vibhinn sankraman aur anuvanshik karan shamil haian. ek anuman ke anusar, jab mata-pita donoan ko asthama ya he phivar (Hay Fever) hota hai to aise 75 se 100 pratishat mata-pita ke bachchoan mean bhi elarji ki sanbhavanaean paee jati haian.

• janavaroan se (janavaroan ki tvacha, bal, pankh ya royean se)
• pe d aur ghas ke parag kan
• dhoolakan
• sigaret ka dhuaan
• vayu pradooshan
• thandi hava ya mausami badalav
• peant ya rasoee ki tikhi gandh
• sugandhit utpad
• majaboot bhavanatmak manobhav (jaise rona ya lagatar hansana) aur tanav
• espirin aur any davaean
• vishesh rasayan ya dhool jaise avayav
• parivarik itihas
• tanbakoo ke dhuean se bhare mahaul mean rahane vale shishuoan ko asthama hone ka khatara hota hai. yadi garbhavastha ke dauran koee mahila tanbakoo ke dhuean ke bich rahati hai, to usake bachche ko asthama hone ka khatara hota hai.
• motape se bhi asthama ho sakata hai. any samasyaean bhi ho sakati haian.

asthama ke ghareloo upachar

• lahasun dama ke ilaj mean kafi karagar sabit hota hai. 30 mili doodh mean lahasun ki paanch kaliyaan ubalean aur is mishran ka har roj sevan karane se dame mean shuruati avastha mean kafi phayada milata hai.
• adarak ki garam chay mean lahasun ki do pisi kaliyaan milakar pine se bhi asthama niyantrit rahata hai. sabere aur sham is chay ka sevan karane se marij ko phayada hota hai.
• dama rogi pani mean ajavain milakar ise ubalean aur pani se uthati bhap lean, yah ghareloo upay kafi phayademand hota hai. 4-5 lauang lean aur 125 mili pani mean 5 minat tak ubalean. is mishran ko chhanakar isamean ek chammach shuddh shahad milaean aur garam-garam pi lean. har roj do se tin bar yah kadha banakar pine se marij ko nishchit roop se labh hota hai.
• 180 mimi pani mean mutthibhar sahajan ki pattiyaan milakar karib 5 minat tak ubalean. mishran ko thanda hone dean, usamean chutakibhar namak, kalimirch aur niboo ras bhi milaya ja sakata hai. is soop ka niyamit roop se istemal dama upachar mean karagar mana gaya hai.
• adarak ka ek chammach taja ras, ek kap maithi ke kadhe aur svadanusar shahad is mishran mean milaean. dame ke marijoan ke lie yah mishran lajavab sabit hota hai. maithi ka kadha taiyar karane ke lie ek chammach maithidana aur ek kap pani ubalean. har roj sabere-sham is mishran ka sevan karane se nishchit labh milata hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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