वारंगल
[[chitr:Warangal-Fort-Andhra-Pradesh.jpg|thumb|250px|varangal qila, aandhr pradesh]] varangal shahar, uttari andhr pradesh rajy, dakshin–poorv bharat mean sthit hai. yah chennee–kazipett–dilli rajamarg par sthit hai. varangal 12vian sadi mean utkarsh par rahe andhr pradesh ke kakatiyoan ki prachin rajadhani tha. vartaman shahar ke dakshin–poorv mean sthit varangal qila kabhi do divaroan se ghira hua tha. jinamean bhitari divar ke patthar ke dvar (sanchar) aur bahari divar ke avashesh maujood haian. 1162 mean nirmit 1000 stambhoan vala mandir shahar ke bhitar hi sthit hai.
utpatti
varangal ya varankal–telugoo shabd orukal ya orugalsu ka apabhransh hai, jisaka arth hai 'ek shila'. isase tatpary us vishal akeli chattan se hai jis par kakatiy nareshoan ke samay ka banavaya hua durg avasthit hai. kuchh abhilekhoan se jnat hota hai ki sanskrit mean is sthan ke ye nam tatha paryay bhi prachalit the–ekopal, ekashila, ekopalapuri ya ekopalapuramh. raghunath bhaskar ke kosh mean ekashilanagar, ekashaligar, ekashilapatan–ye nam bhi milate haian. talami dvara ullikhit korunakula varangal hi jan p data hai.
itihas
11vian shati ee. se 13vian shati ee. tak varangal ki ginati dakshin ke pramukh nagaroan mean thi. is kal mean kakatiy vansh ke rajaoan ki rajadhani yahaan rahi. inhoanne varangal durg, hanamakoanda mean sahasr stambhoan vala mandir aur palamapet ka ramappa–mandir banavae the. varangal ka qila 1199 ee. mean banana prarambh hua tha. [[chitr:Warangal-Fort.jpg|thumb|250px|varangal qila, aandhr pradesh|left]] kakatiy raja ganapati ne isaki nianv dali aur 1261 ee. mean rudrama devi ne ise poora karavaya tha. qile ke bich mean sthit ek vishal mandir ke khandahar mile haian, jisake charoan or char toran dvar the. saanchi ke stoop ke toranoan ke saman hi in par bhi utkrisht moortikari ka pradarshan kiya gaya hai. qile ki do bhittiyaan haian. andar ki bhitti patthar ki aur bahar ki mitti ki bani hai. bahari divar 72 phut chau di aur 56 phut gahari khaee se ghiri hai. hanamakoanda se 6 mil dakshin ki or ek tisari divar ke chihn bhi milate haian. ek itihas lekhak ke anusar parakote ki paridhi tis mil ki thi. jisaka udaharan bharat mean anyatr nahian hai. qile ke andar aganit moortiyaan, alankrit prastar-khand, abhilekh adi prapt hue haian. jo shitavakhaan ke darabar bhavan mean sangrahit haian. isake atirikt anek chhote b de mandir bhi yahaan sthit haian. alankrit toranoan ke bhitar narasianh svami, padyakshi, aur govind rajulusvami ke prachin mandir haian. inamean se antim ek ooanchi paha di ke shikhar par avasthit hai. yahaan se door-door tak ka manoram drishy dikhalaee deta hai.
12vian 13vian shati ka ek vishal mandir bhi yahaan se kuchh door par hai, jisake aangan ki divar duhari tatha asadharan roop se sthool hai. yah visheshata kakatiy shaili ke anuroop hi hai. isaki bahari divar mean tin praveshadvar haian, jo varangal ke qile ke mukhy mandir ke toranoan ki bhaanti hi haian. yahaan se do kakatiy abhilekh prapt hue haian–pahala sataphut lambi vedi par aur doosara ek t dag ke baandh par aankit hai. varangal par prarambh mean dakshin ke prasiddh andhr vanshiy nareshoan ka adhikar tha. tatpashchath madhyakal mean chalukyoan aur kakatiyoan ka shasan raha. kakatiy vansh ka sarvapratham pratapashali raja ganapati tha jo 1199 ee. mean gaddi par baitha. ganapati ka rajy goandavana se kaanchi tak aur bangal ki kha di se bidar aur haidarabad tak phaila hua tha. isi ne pahali bar varangal mean apani rajadhani banaee aur yahaan ke prasiddh durg ki nianv dali. ganapati ke pashchath usaki putri rudrama devi ne 1260 se 1296 ee. tak rajy kiya. isi ke shasan kal mean itali ka prasiddh paryatak markopolo motupalli ke bandaragah par utar kar andhr pradesh mean aya tha. markopolo ne varangal ka varnan karate hue likha hai ki yahaan par sansar ka sabase barik sooti kap da (malamal) taiyar hota hai. jo mak di ke jale ke saman dikhaee deta hai. sansar mean koee aisa raja ya rani nahian hai jo is ashcharyajanak kap de ke vastr pahan kar svayan ko gauravanvit n mane. [[chitr:Warangal-Fort-2.jpg|thumb|250px|left|varangal qila, aandhr pradesh]]
shasan kal
rudramadevi ne 36 varsh tak b di yogyata se rajy kiya. use rudradev maharaj kahakar sanbodhit kiya jata tha. prataparudr (shasan kal 1296-1326 ee.) rudrama dohitr tha. isane pandayanaresh ko harakar kaanchi ko jita. isane chhah bar musalamanoan ke akramanoan ko viphal kiya, kintu 1326 ee. mean ulugakhaan ne jo pichhe muhammad bin tugalaq nam se dilli ka sultan hua, kakatiy ke rajy ki samapti kar di. usane prataparudr ko bandi banakar dilli le jana chaha tha kintu marg mean hi narmada nadi ke tat par is svabhimani aur vir purush ne apane pran tyag kar die. kakatiyoan ke shasanakal mean varangal mean hindoo sanskriti tatha sanskrit ki or telugu bhashaoan ki abhootapoorv unnati huee. shaiv dharm ke aantargat pashupat sampraday ka yah utkarshakal tha. is samay varangal ka door-door ke deshoan se vyapar hota tha.
varangal ke sanskakrit kaviyoan mean sarvashastr visharad ka lekhak virabhallatadeshik, aur nalakirtikamudi ke rachayita agasty ke nam ullekhaniy hean. kaha jata hai ki alankarashastr ke prasiddh granth prataparudrabhooshan ka lekhak vidyanath yahi agasty tha. ganapati ka hastisenapati jayap, nrityaratnavali ka rachayita tha. sanskrit kavi shakalyamall bhi isi ka samakalin tha. telagu ke kaviyoan mean ranganath ramayanum ka lekhak palakuriki somanath mukhy haian. isi samay bhaskar ramayanum bhi likhi gee. varangal naresh prataparudr svayan bhi telagu ka achchha kavi tha. [[chitr:Warangal-Fort-1.jpg|thumb|250px|varangal qila ke avashesh, aandhr pradesh]] isane nitisar namak granth likha tha. dilli ke tugalaq vansh ki shakti kshin hone par 1335-1336 ke pashchath mean kapay nayak ne svatantr rajy sthapit kar liya. isaki rajadhani varangal mean thi. 1442 ee. mean varangal par bahamani rajy ka adhipaty ho gaya aur tatpashchath golakuanda ke kutubashahi nareshoan ka. is samay shitab khaan varangal ka soobedar niyukt hua. usane shidhr hi svatantr rajy sthapit kar liya. kintu kuchh samay ke uparant varangal ko golakuanda ke sath hi aurangazeb ke vistrit mugal samrajy ka aang banana p da. mugal samrajy ke antim samay mean varangal ki nee riyasat haidarabad mean sammilit kar li gee.
udyog aur vyapar
varangal ab ek vanijyik evan audyogik kendr hai. isake pramukh utpadan qalin, kambal evan resham haian.
shikshan sansthan
shahar mean chikitsa, abhiyaantriki, kala aur vijnan ke mahavidyalay haian.
janasankhya
2001 ki ganana ke anusar varangal shahar ki janasankhya 5,28,570 hai. aur varangal zile ki kul janasankhya 32,31,174 hai.
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sanbandhit lekh
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