दया याचिका

bharatiy sanvidhan ke anuchchhed 72 ke mutabik, rashtrapati phaansi ki saja ko maph kar sakate haian, sthagit kar sakate haian, kam kar sakate haian ya usamean badalav kar sakate haian. lekin rashtrapati apani marji se aisa nahian karate. sanvidhan mean saph kaha gaya hai ki rashtrapati mantri parishad se salah lekar hi saja maph kar sakate haian ya usamean chhoot de sakate haian.

daya yachika ke niyam, prakriya aur itihas

maujooda niyamoan ke mutabik, daya yachika mamale par grih mantralay rashtrapati ko likhit mean apana paksh deta hai. ise hi kaibinet ka paksh manakar rashtrapati daya yachika par phaisala lete haian.
suprim kort se phaansi ki saja milane ke bad koee bhi shakhs, videshi nagarik bhi, aparadhi ke sanbandh mean rashtrapati ke daphtar ya grih mantralay ko daya yachika bhej sakata hai. sanbandhit rajy ke rajyapal ko bhi daya yachika bheji ja sakati hai. rajyapal apane pas ane vali daya yachikaoan ko grih mantralay ko bhej dete haian.
doshi vyakti adhikariyoan, vakiloan ya parivar ke logoan ke jariye daya yachikaean bhej sakate haian. grih mantralay ya rashtrapati ke daphtar ko yachikaean mel bhi ki ja sakati haian.
alag-alag rashtrapatiyoan ne daya yachikaoan ka alag-alag tarah se nipatara kiya hai. isake lie koee samay sima tay nahian hai. lihaja rashtrapati aur grih mantralay, donoan ke pas kee yachikaean kee sal tak lanbit rahi haian.
poorv rashtrapati epije abdul kalam ka jab karyakal khatm hua to vah karib 2 darjan daya yachikaean lanbit chho dakar ge. unhoanne sirph do daya yachikaoan ka nipatara kiya. rep aur mardar ke doshi dhananjay chatarji ki daya yachika ko 2004 mean unhoanne kharij kar diya aur 2006 mean khiraj ram ki phaansi ki saja kam karake umrakaid mean tabdil kar di.
abdul kalam ke bad ke. ar. narayanan rashtrapati bane. unhoanne 1997 se 2002 ke bich apane karyakal mean ek bhi daya yachika ka nipatara nahian kiya.
halaanki jyadatar rashtrapatiyoan ne daya yachikaoan par bina kisi daya ke phaisale lie. aratiaee se mili janakari ke mutabik, 1991 se 2010 ke bich 77 daya yachikaoan mean se rashtrapatiyoan ne 69 ko kharij kar diya.
sabase jyada daya yachikaean kharij karane ka rik aaurd ar. veankataraman (1987-1992) ke nam hai. unhoanne 44 daya yachikaean kharij kian.
desh ki pahali mahila rashtrapati pratibha devi sianh patil ne 30 doshiyoan ki daya yachikaean svikar kar lian. sarakaroan par apane rajanitik hit ke mutabik rashtrapati ko sipharishean bhejane ka arop lagata raha hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah